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that the nations are not subject to the Law of Moses; and this passage must be brought to those of the circumcision who accuse those from the nations for not living according to the Law of Moses, and it must be shown that the prophetic word knows that there will be another lawgiver for the nations besides Moses, as it says in a prayer, "Appoint, O Lord, a lawgiver for them," clearly, for the nations; for it adds to this, "Let the nations know that they are men," as if it were saying, let the nations receive knowledge and understanding of their rational substance through the lawgiver who is to be appointed for them; and this would be Christ, who legislated for us the common covenant by saying, "It was said to the ancients thus and so, but I say thus;" who also, by a divine and ineffable power, was able to establish his laws not over one or two nations, nor over a part of the whole world, nor for a short time, but as can be understood from its very 77 operation, perpetually and over all the nations. But if anyone should not accept that these things are so, let him show who else he could name besides our Savior and Lord Jesus Christ in accordance with the prophecy at hand, a lawgiver appointed for the nations by the God of all, who has become a teacher to all men of piety toward the creator of all. Ψ. Ψαλμοῦ ιαʹ. ʹ. Since in the eleventh Psalm the Lord says: "Because of the oppression of the poor, and the groaning of the needy, now I will arise," says the Lord; "I will set him in safety; I will speak boldly in him;" we examine whether these things might not also fit the person of Christ, teaching about his resurrection from the dead, having such a meaning as this: because of the nations that have been in the misery of wickedness, being reproachfully called poor because they were deprived of the wealth that is according to God, having emptied himself, and having undertaken the struggle on their behalf even unto death, "now I will arise," and having indeed received authority over all things from the Father, "I will set all who have believed in me in salvation," "and I will speak boldly in him," either in the Father, or in the valiant deeds accomplished by me for the salvation of so many. And such would be the meaning of the passage; but the first parts of the Psalm, containing "Save me, O God, for the godly man has ceased," and what follows, indicate what the time was like when he suffered; 78 for the godly man had ceased then, and truths were diminished from the sons of men; "each one spoke vain things to his neighbor;" and all that follows this was fulfilled at that time. Ψ. Ψαλμοῦ ιεʹ. -Ζʹ. I foresaw the Lord always before me, because he is at my right hand, that I might not be shaken. Therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced; moreover my flesh also will rest in hope. Because you will not abandon my soul to Hades, nor will you allow your Holy One to see corruption. You have made known to me the ways of life; you will fill me with joy with your countenance. And that these things are referred to the person of Christ, Peter testifies in the Acts of the Apostles, through which he says these things: "Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to us by God with mighty works and wonders and signs, which God did through him in your midst, as you yourselves know— this man, delivered up by the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men. But God raised him up, having loosed the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. For David says, 'I foresaw the Lord always before me.' " Then, having said some things in between, he adds these things word for word: "Brothers, I may say to you with confidence about the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him 79 that he would set one of the fruit of his loins on his throne, he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades,

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ὡς οὐχ ὑπόκεινται τὰ ἔθνη τῷ Μωσέως νόμῳ· καὶ προσακτέον γε τοῖς ἐκ περιτομῆς τὸ ῥητὸν ἐγκαλοῦσι τοῖς ἐξ ἐθνῶν διὰ τὸ μὴ βιοῦν κατὰ τὸν Μωσέως νόμον, δεικτέον τε ὡς ἅρα ἕτερόν τινα παρὰ Μωσέα νομοθέτην ἔσεσθαι τῶν ἐθνῶν ὁ προφητικὸς ἐπίσταται λόγος, ὡς ἐν εὐχῇ φάσκων τὸ, κατάστησον, κύριε, νομοθέτην αὐτοῖς, δῆλον δ' ὅτι τοῖς ἔθνεσιν· ἐπιφέρει γ' οὖν τούτῳ τὸ, γνώτωσαν ἔθνη ὅτι ἄνθρωποι εἰσὶν, ὡσεὶ ἔλεγεν, ἀναλαμβανέτω τὰ ἔθνη γνῶσιν καὶ ἐπιστήμην τῆς λογικῆς αὐτῶν οὐσίας διὰ τοῦ μέλλοντος αὐτοῖς καθίστασθαι νομοθέτου· οὗτος δ' ἂν εἴη ὁ Χριστὸς, ὁ τὴν κοινὴν νομοθετήσας ἡμῖν διαθήκην τῷ λέγειν, ἐρρέθη τοῖς ἀρχαίοις τάδε τινὰ, ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω τάδε· ὃς καὶ θείᾳ καὶ ἀρρήτῳ δυνάμει κρατῦναι τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ νόμους οὐκ ἐπὶ ἕν τι ἔθνος ἢ δεύτερον, οὐδ' ἐπὶ μέρος τὶ τῆς ὅλης οἰκουμένης, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἐπ' ὀλίγον τινὰ δεδύνηται χρόνον, ἀλλ' ὥς ἐστιν ἐξ αὐτῆς παραλαβεῖν 77 τῆς ἐνεργείας εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη. Εἰ δὲ μὴ προσίοιτό τις ταῦθ' οὕτως ἔχειν, δεικνύτω τινὰ ἂν ἄλλον ἔχοι λέγειν παρὰ τὸν Σωτῆρα καὶ Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἀκολούθως τῇ μετὰ χεῖρας προφητείᾳ νομοθέτην ὑπὸ τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ κατασταθέντα τοῖς ἔθνεσι, διδάσκαλον γεγενημένον ἅπασιν ἀνθρώποις τῆς εἰς τὸν τῶν ὅλων δημιουργὸν εὐσεβείας. Ψ. Ψαλμοῦ ιαʹ. ʹ. Ἐπεὶ ἐν τῷ ἑνδεκάτῳ Ψαλμῷ ὁ Κύριος φησίν· ἕνεκεν τῆς ταλαιπωρίας τῶν πτωχῶν, καὶ τοῦ στεναγμοῦ τῶν πενήτων νῦν ἀναστήσομαι, λέγει Κύριος· θήσομαι ἐν σωτηρίῳ, παρρησιάσομαι ἐν αὐτῷ· ἐξετάζομεν μὴ περὶ Χριστοῦ προσώπῳ τὰ περὶ τῆς ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ διδάσκοντι καὶ ταῦτα ἂν ἁρμόζοι, τοιάνδε διάνοιαν ἔχοντα· ἕνεκα τῶν ἐν ταλαιπωρίᾳ κακίας γεγονότων ἐθνῶν, πτωχῶν ὀνομαζομένων ψεκτῶς διὰ τὸ ἐστερῆσθαι τοῦ κατὰ Θεὸν πλούτου, κενώσας ἑαυτὸν, ἀναδεξάμενός τε μέχρι καὶ θανάτου τὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀγῶνα, νῦν ἀναστήσομαι, καὶ δὴ λαβὼν τὴν κατὰ πάντων ἐξουσίαν παρὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς, πάντας τοὺς εἰς ἐμὲ πιστεύσαντας θήσομαι εἰς σωτηρίαν, καὶ παρρησιάσομαι ἐν αὐτῷ, ἤτοι τῷ Πατρὶ, ἢ τῷ πεπραγμένῳ μοι ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν τοσούτων ἀνδραγαθημάτων. Καὶ ἡ μὲν τοῦ ῥητοῦ τοιαύτη τίς ἂν εἴη διάνοια· τὰ μέντοι γε πρῶτα τοῦ Ψαλμοῦ, Σῶσόν με ὁ Θεὸς περιέχοντα ὅτι ἐκλέλοιπεν ὅσιος, καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς, τὸν καιρὸν καθ' ὃν πέπονθεν ὁποῖός τις ὑπῆρχε δηλοῖ· 78 ἐκλελοίπει γὰρ ὅσιος τότε, καὶ ὠλιγώθησαν αἱ ἀλήθειαι ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν τῶν ἀνθρώπων· μάταια ἐλάλησεν ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ· καὶ τὰ τούτοις δὲ ἑξῆς ἅπαντα κατ' ἐκεῖνον πεπλήρωτο τὸν χρόνον. Ψ. Ψαλμοῦ ιεʹ. -Ζʹ. Προωρώμην τὸν Κύριον ἐνώπιόν μου διαπαντὸς, ὅτι ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἐστὶν ἵνα μὴ σαλευθῶ. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ηὐφράνθη ἡ καρδία μου, καὶ ἠγαλλιάσατο ἡ γλῶσσά μου, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἡ σάρξ μου κατασκηνώσει ἐπ' ἐλπίδι. Ὅτι οὐκ ἐγκαταλείψεις τὴν ψυχήν μου εἰς ᾅδην, οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν. Ἐγνώρισάς μοι ὁδοὺς ζωῆς, πληρώσεις με εὐφροσύνης μετὰ τοῦ προσώπου σου. Ὅτι δὲ καὶ ταῦτα εἰς πρόσωπον ἀναφέρεται Χριστοῦ μαρτυρεῖ ὁ Πέτρος ἐν ταῖς τῶν ἀποστόλων Πράξεσι, δι' ὧν ταῦτα φησίν· Ἰησοῦν τὸν Ναζωραῖον, ἄνδρα ἀποδεδειγμένον εἰς ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ Θεοῦ δυνάμεσι καὶ τέρασι καὶ σημείοις, οἷς ἐποίησεν δι' αὐτοῦ ὁ Θεὸς ἐν μέσῳ ὑμῶν, καθὼς αὐτοὶ οἴδατε, τοῦτον τῇ ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ καὶ προγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ ἔκδοτον λαβόντες, διὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων προσπήξαντες ἀνείλατε· ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἀνέστησεν, λύσας τὰς ὠδῖνας τοῦ θανάτου, καθ' ὅτι οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ. ∆αυὶδ γὰρ λέγει, Προωρώμην τὸν Κύριον ἐνώπιόν μου διὰ παντός. Εἶτα τινὰ μεταξὺ εἰπὼν, ἐπιφέρει ταῦτα κατὰ λέξιν· Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοὶ, ἐξὸν εἰπεῖν μετὰ παρρησίας πρὸς ὑμᾶς περὶ τοῦ πατριάρχου ∆αυὶδ, ὅτι καὶ ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ ἐτάφη, καὶ τὸ μνῆμα αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ἐν ἡμῖν ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης· προφήτης οὖν ὑπάρχων, καὶ εἰδὼς ὅτι ὅρκῳ ὤμοσεν αὐτῷ 79 ὁ Θεὸς, ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ καθίσαι ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ, προϊδὼν ἐλάλησε περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὅτι οὔτε ἐγκατελείφθη εἰς ᾅδην,