Chronicon OF GEORGE THE MONK LIVES OF THE NEW EMPERORS.

 he summons to the palace Nikephoros the renowned patriarch and with him the leading bishops and priests in the presence of the senate, and says, Know

 a man-slaying fruit of a seed bitterly kept and sprouted in our generation, I know not whence this terrible condemnation was allotted to the Romans. w

 and the fool will speak foolish things. For being exceedingly ignorant and nonsensical, he did not know at all those Cherubim wrought of gold, which t

 we have recorded as being preserved. 21 And sight is a witness, a truthful teacher. Both the length of time and the building of the venerable churches

 This apostolic preaching they continue to uphold and never in another jurisdiction, where there are Christians, is that wicked and lawless and God-ha

 {THE REIGN OF MICHAEL THE STAMMERER.}

 Therefore, having plundered it moderately, but not as he had hoped, but as divine providence allowed on account of our sins, he accomplished nothing m

 {THE REIGN OF THEOPHILOS.}

 of impiety and insolence, and of tyranny and madness, the deluded and vain-minded one. Since therefore he was possessed by the same deceit and derange

 this? But the emperor, as if rebuked, forcefully dragged him from the sanctuary, and having inflicted no small number of blows upon him, exiled him,

 as was fitting, he received him, immediately making him magister and domestic of the scholae, and receiving his children from holy baptism. 14. Elated

 most lawless ones, or Pharaoh the Egyptian, or Nebuchadnezzar the Assyrian? Or should we bring all these together and name you one and the same, since

 he wished to take, but he received two pounds for him, the general having also been ordered to test him, and if he was brave, to make him a guardsman.

 Then, having impiously committed many shameful, terrible, and absurd acts, they were driven from there as apostates. But having fled to the imperial c

 having secretly brought out Theophobos through Boukoleon, they saved him near Narsou, in what is now called 'of Theophobias', and they placed this the

 and overturned every day. And so finally, through imperial commission and cooperation, the fathers in exile and bitter prisons were recalled and resto

 Theophilitzes said, My lord, 817 I have a young man, most experienced and most brave with horses, just as your majesty desires, by the name of Basil.

 church, having a warden named Nicholas. And on that night a divine voice called the warden, saying Arise, bring the emperor into the oratory. And ha

 to Bardas, Do not strike the logothete. But they slaughtered him and cut him limb from limb in the Scythian manner, showing the rawness and savagery

 having constructed it very beautifully with flowing water. And when this was completed, there was someone in the city named Peter, a man of letters an

 plotting against him. But he heard these things as nonsense. But Basil, hurrying to convince the emperor, befriends Symbatios, a patrician and logothe

 standing on a high rock, cried out loudly to the emperor, A fine journey you have made, O emperor, having slain your own kinsman and your paternal bl

 Peganes to cense him with an earthenware censer with sulfur. And they blind Symbatios in one eye, and they also cut off his right hand, and they set h

 the emperor. And John the Chaldos immediately with his sword striking the emperor cut off his hands. And Iakobitzes the apelates, the Persian, woundin

 and having been eaten by worms, he died. 3. And the emperor, having come forth on the day of Christ's nativity during the procession to the great chur

 before the fleet arrived, with the emperor lamenting and mourning greatly. 12. And when Niketas Xylinites, the epi tes trapezes, was accused of being

 he made Leo fashion and wear in his boot, saying to him that Often when your father is looking for a small knife for some need, why do you not give i

 of the drome and having gone up to the ambo of the church, having read the charges against the patriarch Photius, they brought him down from the thro

 to make war against Hagion. And when an engagement occurred, those with Constantine were defeated and slaughtered, with him barely escaping. 9. And th

 He having died, Symeon sought pretexts to break the peace for seeking other captives as well, he advanced against the Romans. And the emperor Leo app

 he having given his word to Basileios, he confided everything to him. But Samonas, entering in to the emperor, said to him that, my lord, I wish to te

 Of Nicholas the Patriarch, the monks were pardoned from death, Karamalos to the Pikridiou monastery, and Eustathios to the Stoudiou monastery. And the

 He was persuading, he fled to Siricha to the precious cross, pretending that he had come on account of faith in the cross. So Constantine, the son of

 Andronikos, learning this, despairing, along with his relatives and his children and his men, went away and seized the fortress of Kabala, having come

 Samonas said, Against whom is the affliction? The metropolitan said to him, Against you and if you get past the 13th of June, from then on you wil

 he dressed it and made an illumination for the animals. For this reason the hand of God was lifted from him, as one who attached the honor of God to i

 of the detachments fell, and so many that the place was flooded with blood pouring down like a river. And Gregoras the son of the Doux was also killed

 879 of Domenikos the Hetaeriarch. Zoe deposes Patriarch Nicholas along with those with him in anger, telling him to look after and care for the affair

 others in the engagement of the war, 882 both Constantine Lips and John Grapson and a sufficient number of other commanders. 17. And at some point Rom

 These things came to pass. 23 But the emperor took Nicholas the patriarch and Stephen the magister to be with him in the palace, drawing the authority

 the basileopator, having made signed golden bulls as if from the person of the emperor Constantine, containing the overthrow of such a plot, and that

 they came forth in a procession. 2. In the month of June, of the 8th indiction, on a Sunday, the union of the church took place under Romanos, with al

 and many others. Therefore, having barely been saved, he entered into the dromon. And Alexios Mouseles the droungarios also came fleeing, armed, with

 is deprived. They tonsured Bardas Boilas as a monk, since the emperor pitied him as he was a friend. 15. When the patrician nicknamed Moroleon, who wa

 of silver-shielded and silver-speared men, and of those adorned with every color of arms, all of them fenced in with 900 iron, who, having taken Symeo

 Stephen the metropolitan of Amaseia being a eunuch. 903 26. In the month of October, the mystikos John, the paradynasteuon, was accused of aspiring to

 and with Maria the daughter of Christopher and with the whole senate to the church of the most holy Theotokos of the Spring, and they blessed both Pet

 son of the emperor Romanos, whom they were about to ordain patriarch of Constantinople. 38. On the twenty-fifth of the same month an unbearable winter

 he having already reached old age and his sons being still infants. and his remains were placed in the aforementioned monastery of his father. 43. And

 Consequently, the rest of the dromons and the triremes, having sallied forth, worked a complete rout, and they sank many ships with their crews, and w

 a military force being besieged and coming into the greatest necessity, its inhabitants sent an embassy to the emperor Romanos to have the siege lifte

 a monk. 1 Constantine, his son-in-law, was therefore left as sole emperor who, having immediately honored Bardas, the son of Phokas, with the dignity

of the drome; and having gone up to the ambo of the church, having read the charges against the patriarch Photius, they brought him down from the throne, and confined him in the monastery of the Armenoi which is called Bordones. 3. And the emperor appointed Stylianos Zaoutzas magistros and logothete of the drome. And he elevated Stephen, his synkellos and brother, to the patriarchate; and before the birth of Christ he was ordained patriarch by Theophanes the protothronos and the other high priests; and having served in the patriarchate for six years and five months, he died, and is buried in the monastery of Sykeai. 4. During the reign of this Leo, the castle Ypsile was betrayed, and was seized by the Hagarenes, with all 850 men there being taken captive. And a great fire occurred near Sophianai, with the church of the holy apostle Thomas also being burned, which the same Leo splendidly renovated. 5. And the emperor sent to Euchaïta, and brought Theodore Santabarenos to the city. But Andrew the domestikos and Stephen the magistros of Kalomaria, who had been greatly slandered under Basil by Santabarenos, suggested to the emperor, having devised a plot, that Photius the patriarch and Theodore Santabarenos had a plan to make a king from the family of Photius the patriarch. And the emperor ordered Photius the patriarch and Theodore Santabarenos to be brought to the palace of Pegai, and directed that they be guarded separately. And Stephen the magistros and Andrew the domestikos Krateros and the patrikios Goumer and John Hagiopolites were sent by the emperor to investigate the case against them. And having brought the patriarch and seated him on a throne with honor, and having seated themselves, Andrew the domestikos said to the patriarch, "Do you know, O lord, the abba Theodore?" And he replied, "I do not know the abba Theodore." And Andrew said, "You do not know the abba Theodore Santabarenos?" And the patriarch said, "I know the monk Theodore who is archbishop of Euchaïta." 6 And they also brought Santabarenos to them, and Andrew the domestikos says to him, "The emperor makes known to you, where is the mon 851 ey and the goods of my empire?" And he said, "Where the emperor has given them; but now since he seeks them, he has the power to take them back." And Andrew said to him, "Tell me whom you wished to make emperor, having suggested to my father through your plotting to blind me? One of the patriarch's own, or your own?" But he, replying, said, "I know nothing at all about what you say, accusing me." Then Stephen the magistros says to him, "And how did you inform the emperor that I should convict the patriarch concerning this?" But Santabarenos, immediately falling at the feet of the patriarch, said, "I adjure you by God, lord, that you first carry out my deposition, and then, stripped of the priesthood, let them punish me as a criminal; for I did not declare such things to the emperor." But the patriarch said in the presence of all, "By the salvation of my soul, lord Theodore, you are an archbishop both in this age and in the age to come." Then Andrew, angered at this, said, "Did you not inform the emperor through me, abba, that I should convict the patriarch on this matter?" But he denied knowing anything. Therefore, having returned, they reported to the emperor all that had been said by them. And the emperor, seized with uncontrollable anger and wrath because he found no charge against the patriarch, sent and had Santabarenos beaten severely, and exiled him to Athens. And afterwards, sending after him, he blinded him and exiled him to the East. 7 And after 852 many years, having been entreated, the emperor brought him back to the city, and ordered that he receive rations from the Nea Ekklesia. And Santabarenos died during the reign of Constantine and Zoe his mother. 8. Therefore, during the reign of Leo, the exarch and doux of Lombardy of the Saints, who had become the son-in-law of the king of Francia, rose up against the emperor, having subjected the whole country to himself. The emperor, learning this, sent Constantine, master of the table, with all the themes of the west in order to

τοῦ δρόμου· καὶ ἐν τῷ ἄμβωνι τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἀνελθόντες, τὰς τοῦ πατριάρχου Φωτίου αἰτίας ἀναγνόντες, τοῦτον τοῦ θρό νου κατήγαγον, καὶ περιώρισαν ἐν τῇ μονῇ τῶν Ἀρμενιανῶν τῇ ἐπιλεγομένῃ τοῦ Βόρδονος. 3. Προεβάλετο δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς Στυλιανὸν Ζαούτζαν μάγι στρον καὶ λογοθέτην τοῦ δρόμου. ἀνήγαγε δὲ Στέφανον τὸν σύγ κελλον καὶ ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ πατριαρχείῳ· καὶ πρὸ τῶν Χρι στοῦ γέννων χειροτονεῖται πατριάρχης ὑπὸ Θεοφάνους τοῦ πρωτο θρόνου καὶ λοιπῶν ἀρχιερέων· καὶ ποιήσας ἐν τῷ πατριαρχείῳ ἔτη ἓξ καὶ μῆνας πέντε ἐτελεύτησε, καὶ θάπτεται ἐν τῇ μονῇ τῶν Συκέων. 4. Ἐφ' οὗ Λέοντος προεδόθη τὸ κάστρον Ὑψηλή, καὶ ἐκρατήθη ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀγαρηνῶν, αἰχμαλωτισθέντων πάντων τῶν 850 ὄντων ἐκεῖσε. γέγονε δὲ ἐμπρησμὸς μέγας πλησίον τῶν Σοφιανῶν, ἐμπρησθείσης καὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας τοῦ ἁγίου ἀποστόλου Θωμᾶ, ἣν ὁ αὐτὸς Λέων λαμπρῶς ἀνεκαίνισεν. 5. Ἀπέστειλε δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς εἰς Εὐχάϊτα, καὶ ἤγαγε Θεό δωρον τὸν Σανταβαρηνὸν ἐν τῇ πόλει. Ἀνδρέας δὲ ὁ δομέστικος καὶ Στέφανος ὁ μάγιστρος ὁ τῆς Καλομαρίας, οἱ πολλὰ λοιδορη θέντες ἐπὶ Βασιλείου παρὰ Σανταβαρηνοῦ, ὑπέθηκαν τῷ βασιλεῖ, συσκευὴν ποιησάμενοι, ὡς ὅτι Φώτιος ὁ πατριάρχης καὶ Θεόδω ρος ὁ Σανταβαρηνὸς βουλὴν εἶχον ποιήσασθαι βασιλέα ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων Φωτίου πατριάρχου. προσέταξε δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἀγαγεῖν Φώ τιον πατριάρχην καὶ Θεόδωρον τὸν Σανταβαρηνὸν ἐν τοῖς παλα τίοις τῶν Πηγῶν, καὶ ἰδίως αὐτοὺς φρουρεῖσθαι διωρίσατο. ἀπε στάλησαν δὲ παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως Στέφανος μάγιστρος καὶ Ἀνδρέας δομέστικος ὁ Κρατερὸς καὶ ὁ πατρίκιος Γοῦμερ καὶ Ἰωάννης ὁ Ἁγιοπολίτης ἐπὶ τὸ ἐξετάσαι τὰ κατ' αὐτῶν. καὶ ἀγαγόντες τὸν πατριάρχην καὶ καθίσαντες ἐπὶ θρόνου ἐν τιμῇ, καὶ αὐτοὶ καθ εσθέντες, ἔφη πρὸς τὸν πατριάρχην Ἀνδρέας ὁ δομέστικος "γνωρί ζεις, ὦ δέσποτα, τὸν ἀββᾶν Θεόδωρον;" ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίθη "ἀββᾶν Θεόδωρον οὐ γνωρίζω." καὶ ὁ Ἀνδρέας "τὸν ἀββᾶν Θεόδωρον τὸν Σανταβαρηνὸν οὐ γνωρίζεις;" καὶ ὁ πατριάρχης "γινώσκω τὸν μοναχὸν Θεόδωρον ἀρχιεπίσκοπον ὄντα Εὐχαΐτων." 6 ἤγα γον δὲ καὶ τὸν Σανταβαρηνὸν πρὸς αὐτούς, καὶ λέγει πρὸς αὐτὸν Ἀνδρέας ὁ δομέστικος "ὁ βασιλεύς σοι δηλοῖ, ποῦ εἰσὶ τὰ χρή 851 ματα καὶ πράγματα τῆς ἐμῆς βασιλείας;" ὁ δὲ ἔφη "ὅπου δέδω κεν αὐτὰ ὁ βασιλεύς· νῦν δὲ ἐπεὶ ἀναζητεῖ αὐτά, ἐξουσίαν ἔχει ἀναλαβέσθαι αὐτά." καὶ ὁ Ἀνδρέας ἔφη πρὸς αὐτὸν "εἰπὲ τίνα ἠβούλου ποιῆσαι βασιλέα, ὑποθέμενος τῷ ἐμῷ πατρὶ διὰ συσκευῆς σου τυφλῶσαί με; τοῦ πατριάρχου ἴδιον ἢ σόν;" ὁ δὲ ἀποκρι θεὶς εἶπεν "οὐ γινώσκω τὸ σύνολον περὶ ὧν λέγετε κατηγοροῦντές με." λέγει οὖν Στέφανος ὁ μάγιστρος πρὸς αὐτὸν "καὶ πῶς ἐμή νυσας τῷ βασιλεῖ ἵνα ἐλέγξω τὸν πατριάρχην περὶ τούτου;" ὁ δὲ Σανταβαρηνὸς παρευθὺ πεσὼν εἰς τοὺς πόδας τοῦ πατριάρχου εἶ πεν "ὁρκίζω σε κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, δέσποτα, ἵνα πρῶτον ποιήσῃς τὴν ἐμὴν καθαίρεσιν, καὶ τότε γυμνὸν ὄντα τῆς ἱερωσύνης κολαζέτω σαν ὡς κακοῦργον· οὐ γὰρ τοιαῦτα ἐδήλωσα τῷ βασιλεῖ." ὁ δὲ πατριάρχης ἐνώπιον πάντων ἔφη "μὰ τὴν σωτηρίαν τῆς ἐμῆς ψυ χῆς, κῦρι Θεόδωρε, ἀρχιεπίσκοπος εἶς καὶ ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι καὶ ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι." θυμωθεὶς οὖν Ἀνδρέας ἐπὶ τούτοις ἔφη "οὐκ ἐμή νυσας, ἀββᾶ, τῷ βασιλεῖ δι' ἐμοῦ ὅτι ἵνα ἐλέγξω τὸν πατριάρχην εἰς τοῦτο;" ὁ δὲ ἀπηρνεῖτο μὴ εἰδέναι τι. ὑποστρέψαντες οὖν ἀνήγγειλαν τῷ βασιλεῖ ἅπαντα τὰ λαληθέντα παρ' αὐτῶν. ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς θυμῷ τε καὶ ὀργῇ ἀκατασχέτῳ ληφθεὶς ὡς μὴ εὑρὼν αἰτίαν κατὰ τοῦ πατριάρχου, ἀποστείλας ἔτυψεν τὸν Σανταβαρηνὸν σφοδρῶς, καὶ τοῦτον ἐξώρισεν ἐν Ἀθήναις. ὄπισθεν δὲ αὐτοῦ ἀποστείλας ἐτύφλωσεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐξώρισεν εἰς Ἀνατολήν. 7 μετὰ 852 δὲ ἔτη πολλὰ παρακληθεὶς ὁ βασιλεὺς τοῦτον ἀνήγαγεν ἐν τῇ πόλει, καὶ προσέταξε λαμβάνειν αὐτὸν ἀννώνας ἐκ τῆς Νέας ἐκκλησίας. ἐτελεύτησε δὲ ὁ Σανταβαρηνὸς ἐπὶ Κωνσταντίνου καὶ Ζωῆς τῆς αὐτοῦ μητρός. 8. Ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλείας οὖν Λέοντος Ἁγίων ὁ Λογγιβαρδίας ἔξαρχος καὶ δούξ, γαμβρὸς δὲ γεγονὼς τοῦ ῥηγὸς Φραγγίας, ἀντ ῇρε τῷ βασιλεῖ, πᾶσαν τὴν χώραν εἰς ἑαυτὸν δουλώσαντος. τοῦτο γνοὺς ὁ βασιλεὺς ἀπέστειλε Κωνσταντῖνον τὸν τῆς τραπέζης σὺν πᾶσι τοῖς θέμασι τῆς δύσεως πρὸς τὸ