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for days they did not partake of food, as if some executioner sat within, and shouting the prophetic words, "touch not the inward parts," they stood in awe of food. With this, the three youths also entered the Babylonian furnace, and having conversed with the fire for a long time, their bodies brighter than the fire itself, they then came out from the furnace; and yet if that fire was truly fire, how did it not do the things of fire? if those bodies were bodies, how did they not suffer the things of bodies? How? Ask fasting, and it will answer you, and it will solve the riddle for you; for it was truly a riddle; for the nature of bodies fought with the nature of fire, and the victory belonged to the bodies. Have you seen a paradoxical battle? have you seen a more paradoxical victory? Marvel at fasting, and receive it with upturned hands; for when it helps even in a furnace, and guards in a den of lions, and drives out demons, and annuls a decree of God, and suppresses the madness of passions, and leads us back to freedom, and creates a great calm in our thoughts, how would it not be the utmost madness to flee and fear it, when it holds so many good things in its hands? For it wears down our body to weakness, he says. But as much as our outward man perishes, so much is the inward man renewed day by day; or rather, if you would wish to examine the matter with accuracy, you will find it to be the mother of good health. And if you disbelieve my words, ask the sons of physicians about these things, and they themselves will speak these things more clearly, who call want the mother of health, but say that gout and headaches and apoplexy and consumption and dropsy and inflammations and swellings, and torrents of countless other diseases, proceed from luxury and gluttony, like wicked streams from some most wicked spring, ruining both the good health of the body and the sobriety of the soul. 5. Let us not, therefore, fear fasting, which delivers us from so many evils. For I do not exhort you to this simply; but because I see many people, as if about to be handed over to some wild woman, thus hesitating and shrinking back, and destroying themselves today with drunkenness and gluttony; for this reason I exhort you not to destroy beforehand with gluttony and drunkenness the benefit that will come from the fast. For even those people with no appetite, when they are about to drink bitter medicines, if they fill themselves with much food, and thus take the medicines, they have endured the bitterness, but have lost the benefit, making the medicine's struggle against the evil of the corrupt humors more difficult. For this reason the sons of physicians bid them go to sleep without having eaten supper, so that all the power of the medicines may be brought to bear at once from the very first on the disease-causing humors of the waste-products. So also in the case of fasting; if you fill yourself with much drunkenness today, and tomorrow receive the medicine from it, you have made it use49.313less and unprofitable, and you have endured the labor, but have not reaped the profit of the matter, since its entire power is spent on the recent evil engendered by drunkenness; but if you prepare a light body for it and receive the medicine with a sober mind, you will be able to cleanse away many of your old sins. Let us not then go into the fast through drunkenness, nor again break the fast by turning to drunkenness, lest the same thing happen, as if someone should give a kick to a sick body that is about to recover, and throw it down again more violently. This also happens to our soul, when on both sides, both at the beginning and the end of the fast, we overshadow with the cloud of drunkenness the sobriety that came to us from the abstinence. For just as those who are about to fight with wild beasts,

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ἡμέρας οὐ μετέσχον τροφῆς, καθάπερ δημίου τινὸς ἔνδοθεν καθημένου, καὶ τῶν λαγόνων μὴ ἅπτεσθαι βοῶντος τῶν προφητικῶν, ᾐδέσθησαν τὴν τροφήν. Μετὰ ταύτης καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ τρεῖς εἰς τὴν Βαβυλωνίαν κάμινον εἰσελθόντες, καὶ πολὺν χρόνον ὁμιλήσαντες τῷ πυρὶ, αὐτοῦ τοῦ πυρὸς λαμπρότερα ἔχοντες τὰ σώματα, ἀπὸ τῆς καμίνου τότε ἐξῄεσαν· καίτοι γε εἰ πῦρ ἦν ἐκεῖνο ὄντως τὸ πῦρ, πῶς οὐκ ἐποίει τὰ τοῦ πυρός; εἰ σώματα ἦν ἐκεῖνα τὰ σώματα, πῶς τὰ τῶν σωμάτων οὐκ ἔπασχε; Πῶς; ἐρώτησον τὴν νηστείαν, καὶ ἀποκρινεῖταί σοι, καὶ αὐτὴ λύσει σου τὸ αἴνιγμα· καὶ γὰρ ἦν ὄντως αἴνιγμα· σωμάτων γὰρ φύσις ἐμάχετο φύσει πυρὸς, καὶ ἡ νίκη τῶν σωμάτων ἐγίνετο. Εἶδες παράδοξον μάχην; εἶδες παραδοξοτέραν τὴν νίκην; Θαύμασον τὴν νηστείαν, καὶ ὑπτίαις ὑπόδεξαι χερσίν· ὅταν γὰρ καὶ ἐν καμίνῳ βοηθῇ, καὶ ἐν λάκκῳ λεόντων φυλάττῃ, καὶ δαίμονας ἀπελαύνῃ, καὶ ἀπόφασιν ἀναλύῃ Θεοῦ, καὶ παθῶν μανίαν καταστέλλῃ, καὶ πρὸς ἐλευθερίαν ἡμᾶς ἐπανάγῃ, καὶ πολλὴν ἐν τοῖς λογισμοῖς ἡμῶν ποιῆται τὴν γαλήνην, πῶς οὐκ ἐσχάτης ἂν εἴη παρανοίας, τοσαῦτα ἔχουσαν ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἀγαθὰ φεύγειν καὶ δεδοικέναι; Ἐπιτρίβει γὰρ ἡμῖν τὸ σῶμα πρὸς τὴν ἀσθένειαν, φησίν. Ἀλλ' ὅσῳ ὁ ἔξω ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος φθείρεται, τοσούτῳ ὁ ἔσω ἀνακαινοῦται ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἡμέρᾳ· μᾶλλον δὲ, εἰ βουληθείης μετὰ ἀκριβείας ἐξετάσαι τὸ πρᾶγμα, καὶ εὐεξίας αὐτὴν εὑρήσεις μητέρα τυγχάνουσαν. Καὶ εἰ τοῖς ἐμοῖς ἀπιστεῖς λόγοις, παῖδας ἰατρῶν περὶ τούτων ἐρώτησον, καὶ αὐτοὶ ταῦτα σαφέστερον ἐροῦσιν, οἳ τὴν μὲν ἔνδειαν μητέρα τῆς ὑγιείας καλοῦσι, τὰς δὲ ποδαλγίας καὶ καρηβαρίας καὶ ἀποπληξίας καὶ φθόην καὶ ὕδερον καὶ φλεγμονὰς καὶ οἰδήματα, καὶ μυρίων ἑτέρων νοσημάτων χειμάῤῥους, ἀπὸ τῆς τρυφῆς καὶ τῆς ἀδηφαγίας ἐξιέναι φασὶν, ὥσπερ ἀπό τινος πονηροτάτης πηγῆς πονηροὺς ῥύακας, καὶ τῇ τοῦ σώματος εὐεξίᾳ, καὶ τῇ τῆς ψυχῆς σωφροσύνῃ λυμαινομένους. εʹ. Μὴ τοίνυν φοβώμεθα νηστείαν, τὴν τῶν τοσούτων ἡμᾶς ἀπαλλάττουσαν κακῶν. Οὐ γὰρ ἁπλῶς ὑμῖν τοῦτο παραινῶ· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ πολλοὺς ὁρῶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, καθάπερ ἀγρίᾳ τινὶ γυναικὶ παραδίδοσθαι μέλλοντας, οὕτως ὀκνοῦντας καὶ ἀναδυομένους, καὶ μέθῃ καὶ ἀδηφαγίᾳ τήμερον ἑαυτοὺς διαφθείροντας· διὰ τοῦτο παραινῶ ὥστε μὴ τὴν ἐκ τῆς νηστείας ἐσομένην ὠφέλειαν προανελεῖν λαιμαργίᾳ καὶ μέθῃ. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ κακόσιτοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὅταν πικρὰ μέλλωσι πίνειν φάρμακα, ἂν πολλῆς ἑαυτοὺς ἐμπλήσωσι τροφῆς, καὶ οὕτω τὰ φάρμακα λάβωσι, τὴν μὲν πικρίαν ὑπέμειναν, τῆς δὲ ὠφελείας ἐξέπεσον, δυσκολωτέραν τῷ φαρμάκῳ ποιοῦντες τὴν πάλην πρὸς τὴν τῶν διεφθορότων χυμῶν πονηρίαν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο αὐτοὺς οἱ τῶν ἰατρῶν παῖδες μὴ δειπνήσαντας κελεύουσι καθεύδειν, ἵνα πᾶσαν τῶν φαρμάκων τὴν δύναμιν ἐκ πρώτης εὐθέως τοῖς νοσοποιοῖς τῶν περιττωμάτων προσαγάγῃ χυμοῖς. Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς νηστείας· ἐὰν μὲν πολλῆς ἑαυτὸν ἐμπλήσῃς τῆς μέθης τήμερον, καὶ αὔριον ὑποδέξῃ τὸ παρ' ἐκείνης φάρμακον, ἄχρη49.313 στον αὐτὸ καὶ ἀνόνητον ἐποίησας, καὶ τὸν μὲν πόνον ὑπέμεινας, τὸ δὲ κέρδος οὐκ ἐκαρπώσω τοῦ πράγματος, εἰς τὴν πρόσφατον ἐκ τῆς μέθης ἐγγινομένην κακίαν ἅπασαν αὐτοῦ καταδαπανῶντος τὴν δύναμιν· ἐὰν δὲ κοῦφον αὐτῇ τὸ σῶμα παρασκευάσῃς καὶ νήφοντι λογισμῷ τὸ φάρμακον δέξῃ, πολλὰ τῶν παλαιῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἀποκαθᾶραι δυνήσῃ. Μὴ τοίνυν διὰ μέθης ἴωμεν εἰς τὴν νηστείαν, μηδὲ ἀπὸ νηστείας εἰς μέθην καταλύσωμεν πάλιν, ἵνα μὴ ταὐτὸν γένηται, οἷον εἴ τις ἀῤῥωστοῦντι σώματι καὶ διανίστασθαι μέλλοντι λὰξ ἐμβαλὼν σφοδρότερον καταβάλοι πάλιν. Ὃ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς ψυχῆς τῆς ἡμετέρας γίνεται, ὅταν ἐξ ἑκατέρου μέρους, καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς καὶ τοῦ τέλους τῆς νηστείας, τῇ νεφέλῃ τῆς μέθης τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἀσιτίας γενομένην ἡμῖν νῆψιν συσκιάσωμεν. Καθάπερ γὰρ οἱ θηρίοις πυκτεύειν μέλλοντες,