De velitatione bellica

 combative, not because we single this out from the other stratagems and practices of tactics, but because for the best generals it has become the best

 going out. 1.5 And to send out faithful and most experienced men to watch over them, to see if they are guarding their posts well and vigilantly. 1.6

 to hold and block with shield-bearing hoplites and javelin-men, and behind these, those who throw stones by hand, and with them also archers and sling

 It is less suitable, and perhaps the effort happened to be in vain because the infantry army cannot be assembled so quickly in a few days and be well

 having endured. 7.t Concerning the gathering and movement of an army and concerning allowing merchants to enter and spy 7.1 Upon hearing of the prepar

 high, where the enemy camped, on one or even two sides near their encampment, they will keep watch in that place without difficulty for having dismou

 he will station squads behind the three pairs of scouts, the first squad to watch the third pair of scouts, and the second squad likewise to watch the

 to have [someone] behind the cavalry watching and observing the battle line of the emir and matters concerning it, and, as it marches, to report to hi

 let him set up an ambush, guarding the places situated near the enemy's passage. And the general himself must stand concealed in a suitable place with

 fame for even if the Roman army does not find the winning hand in the war against them, at any rate it will suffer no harm. 10.10 But if they remaine

 despising death for the seizure of the spoils because of the hope of gain and they will easily overcome these by the grace of Christ. But if he does

 will be made successful by cooperation. 11.4 But if it should happen that these are pursued by the enemy, it is necessary to go out to meet them with

 they will by no means dare to sally forth completely, and then only a few for the majority, suspecting war from the general, will not desert the emir

 the day's army and those stationed in the tetradia, as we have said above, to take from the general two of the most experienced and brave men from tho

 of those sent out, in the place where the battle line of the enemy is that has their commander, the general, taking a few men with him and going up to

 among them prisoners of ours or even to become deserters and to learn from them in what place he is encamped. 15.2 So that they do not, taking up thei

 having followed the raiding party negligently and not having searched the ambushes well, has unexpectedly fallen into the hiding place. And so that su

 they hasten unexpectedly to pursue and overcome them, you yourself must also display every precaution so as not to be found unexpectedly by them, but

 they may prepare then, by slackening the reins of their horses, they may with a charge distance themselves a little from their pursuers, so that they

 from long experience, we have written. It is fitting for you to act against the likely impending circumstance for not as the counsels of men, but as

 so that, if enemy multitudes should attack those in the ambush, the night, having fallen and having broken off the battle, you may keep the people und

 the strategos possessed authority over the theme, judging those bringing charges in military matters and administering the affairs arising in the them

 entering into their lands, sometimes they themselves, and sometimes sending some of their people, as was possible they would inflict heavy casualties

 of all other things, whatever are able to defend and help the besieged. For we will omit setting these forth in detail in the present writing on accou

 citizens of the country, and to urge them and to prepare them to save all their belongings in castles and fortified places, and to continuously wound

 by his grace. 23.2 When you have identified the road by which the enemy has set out, four stages, or camps, away, it is fitting for you, the leader of

 profitable according to what seems best to them, and when they perceive you have arrived, they will encamp for the night, having pitched their tents,

 they will break camp, having pitched their tents, and it is not easy for a night battle to be arranged in such a place, the general must again get ahe

they will break camp, having pitched their tents, and it is not easy for a night battle to be arranged in such a place, the general must again get ahead with all the infantry and cavalry forces and seize the higher parts of the mountains and likewise secure the passage of the road. And since all the roads leading into enemy territory, as we have said, through all the themes which I have enumerated and have seen with my own eyes, happen to be difficult to pass through in the mountains that divide both countries, hasten to occupy their passage in advance and without hesitation arrange a frontal battle against them, and by the grace of Christ our God you will prevail over them and, having defeated them, you will deliver them to complete annihilation. 25.τ Concerning another way of seizing a road that creates a difficult passage on the descent 25.1 If indeed the road, by which they are returning, is found to lead the enemy from above and is level, not having a difficult passage for resisting them frontally, but when it inclines downward, it is then narrow and difficult to pass, throwing their formations into confusion and forcing a few to pass through and compelling the others to prepare to follow and pass through in the same way, in those narrow passes it is necessary to station infantry units on both sides of the enemy, two on the right, and two on the left, separated from each other. But also to post in ambush behind them a force of infantry with cavalry and a brave and most experienced commander, if they have left their so-called rear guard to be stationed above and to guard the road, but not too close, so as not to be discovered. 25.2 And if those stationed in ambush above are eager to join the battle, when our formations stationed below make the attack against the enemy passing in front, let those stationed in ambush, both infantry and cavalry, also come forth and join the battle behind them against the enemy. But if those stationed in the ambush do not dare to attack it from below, as the rear guard is stationed in a level place, they will wait in ambush, and, since it is hastening to pass through and catch up with its own men—for it is not possible to stand there for long—, when they take the road leading down, then let those in ambush come forth, and having seized the road and being above them, let them charge down on them. 25.3 And they will not be able to resist and defend themselves, being pelted by them, with the terrain being against them; but they will hasten to catch up with their own men, being fought in the narrows by our formations stationed below, in the hope of passing through and reaching their own. But they will by no means succeed in this, if indeed the war against them is prepared as we have set forth, but rather they will be utterly defeated by the grace of our true God; to whom be the glory and the power with the Son and the Holy Spirit, now and ever and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

αὐτὸν καταλύσουσι τὰς σκηνὰς πηξάμενοι, καὶ οὐκ εὐχερῶς ἐν τῷ τοιούτῳ τόπῳ τὸν ἐν νυκτὶ πόλεμον ἁρμόζει γενέσθαι, δεῖ τὸν στρατηγὸν μετὰ πασῶν τῶν πεζικῶν τε καὶ ἱππικῶν δυνάμεων ἔμπροσθεν πάλιν γενέσθαι καὶ τὰ ὑψηλότερα τῶν ὀρῶν κατασχεῖν καὶ τὴν διάβασιν τῆς ὁδοῦ ὁμοίως ἀσφαλίσασθαι. Καὶ ἐπεὶ πᾶσαι, ὡς ἔφημεν, αἱ ὁδοὶ αἱ πρὸς τὴν πολεμίαν εἰσάγουσαι, διὰ τῶν ὅλων ὧν ἀπηριθμησάμην θεμάτων καὶ οἰκείοις ὀφθαλμοῖς ἐθεασάμην, δύσβατοι τυγχάνουσιν ἐν ὄρεσι τοῖς διορίζουσι τὰς ἄμφω χώρας, σπεῦδε προκαταλαβεῖν τὴν διάβασιν αὐτῶν καὶ τὸν κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν ἀδιστάκτως διατίθεσο πόλεμον, καὶ χάριτι Χριστοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ὑπερισχύσεις αὐτῶν καὶ τούτους καταβαλὼν τελείῳ παραδώσεις ἀφανισμῷ. 25.τ Περὶ ἑτέρας κατασχέσεως ὁδοῦ τῆς εἰς τὴν κατάβασιν δυσχωρίαν ἀποτελούσησ 25.1 Εἰ δέ γε ἡ ὁδός, ἣν ὑποστρέφουσιν, εὑρεθῇ φέρουσα τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐφόμαλός ἐστι, μὴ ἔχουσα δυσχωρίαν τοῦ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν ἀντιστῆναι, ἀλλ' ἡνίκα πρὸς τὸ καταφερὲς ἐπικλίνει, τότε στενὴ καὶ δύσβατός ἐστι, συγχέουσα τὰς παρατάξεις αὐτῶν καὶ ὀλίγους διέρχεσθαι ἀναγκάζουσα καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ὁμοίως παρασκευάζειν ἐπακολουθεῖν καὶ διέρχεσθαι, ἐν ἐκείνοις τοῖς στενωποῖς δέον πεζικὰς τάξεις καταστῆσαι ἔνθεν κἀκεῖθεν τῶν πολεμίων, δύο μὲν κατὰ τὸ δεξιόν, δύο δὲ κατὰ τὸ εὐώνυμον, ἀπ' ἀλλήλων διακεκριμένας. Ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν εἰς λόχον καταστῆσαι πεζικὴν λαοῦ δύναμιν μεθ' ἱππέων καὶ ἄρχοντος ἀνδρείου καὶ ἐμπειροτάτου, εἴπερ τὸ λεγόμενον σάκα αὐτῶν ἄνωθεν κατέλιπον ἵστασθαι καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν φυλάσσειν, ἀλλὰ μὴ σύνεγγυς, πρὸς τὸ μὴ διαγνωσθῆναι. 25.2 Καὶ εἰ μὲν οἱ εἰς τὸν λόχον ἱστάμενοι ἄνωθεν πρόθυμοί εἰσι παρασυνάψαι πόλεμον, ἡνίκα αἱ κάτωθεν παρατάξεις ἡμῶν ἱστάμεναι κατὰ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν διερχομένων πολεμίων τὴν προσβολὴν ποιήσονται, ἐξερχέσθωσαν καὶ οἱ εἰς τὸν λόχον ἱστάμενοι πεζοί τε καὶ ἱππεῖς καὶ συναπτέτωσαν πόλεμον μετ' αὐτοὺς κατὰ τῶν πολεμίων. Εἰ δὲ οὐ θαρρήσουσιν οἱ εἰς τὸν λόχον ἱστάμενοι κατ' αὐτοῦ ἐπελθεῖν κάτωθεν, σάκα εἰς ἐφόμαλον τόπον ἱσταμένου, καρτερήσουσιν εἰς τὸν λόχον, καί, ἐπεὶ αὐτὸ διελθεῖν κατεπείγεται καὶ τοὺς ἰδίους καταλαβεῖνοὐ γάρ ἐστι τῶν ἐνδεχομένων ἐκεῖσε ἐπὶ πολὺ ἵστασθαι, ἡνίκα τῆς εἰς κατάβασιν φερούσης ὁδοῦ ἐπιλάβωνται, καὶ ἐξερχέσθωσαν οἱ ἐν τῷ λόχῳ, καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν κατασχόντες καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν γενόμενοι κατ' αὐτῶν ὁρμησάτωσαν. 25.3 Καὶ οὐ δυνήσονται ἀντιστῆναι καὶ ἀμύνασθαι, παρ' αὐτῶν βαλλόμενοι, τοῦ τόπου αὐτοῖς ἐναντιουμένου· ἀλλὰ σπεύσουσι τοὺς ἰδίους καταλαβεῖν πολεμούμενοι ἐν τοῖς στενώμασι παρὰ τῶν κάτωθεν ἡμῶν ἱσταμένων παρατάξεων, ἐπ' ἐλπίδι διελθεῖν καὶ τὴν ἰδίαν καταλαβεῖν. Ἀλλ' οὐδαμῶς τούτου ἐπιτύχωσιν, εἴπερ δὴ ὡς ἐξεθέμεθα ὁ κατ' αὐτῶν παρασκευασθῇ πόλεμος, μᾶλλον δὲ κατὰ κράτος ἡττηθήσονται χάριτι τοῦ ἀληθινοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν· ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος σὺν υἱῷ καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ πνεύματι νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.