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For He came to bear witness, he says, to the truth of the Father, and was slain. So that not only does the Father bear witness to Him, but He also to the Father. For I have come in My Father’s name, He says; and again, No one has ever seen God; and again, That they may know You, the only true God; and again, God is Spirit. Therefore He bore witness even unto death. And the phrase, "In due time," means, at the proper time. For which I was appointed a preacher and an apostle (I am telling the truth, I am not lying), a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth. 3. Since, then, Christ suffered for the Gentiles, and I was set apart as a teacher of the Gentiles, why do you not pray for them? Well here, showing his own trustworthiness, he says, "For which I was appointed a preacher," that is, "I was set apart;" for the apostles were very earnest in this matter. Then he added, "A teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth." In faith again; but do not think, because you heard, "In faith," that the matter is a deception; for he also says, "In truth"; and if it is truth, it is not a lie. Do you see grace extended? For the prayers of the Jews were not made for such, but now grace is extended. For this reason he said he was set apart as a teacher of the Gentiles, hinting at the grace poured out everywhere in the world. "Who gave," he says, "Himself a ransom." How then was He delivered up by the Father? It was therefore of His own goodness. A ransom, what is it? He was about to punish them; this He did not do. They were about to perish; but instead of them He gave His own Son, and sent us as preachers, to proclaim the cross. These things are sufficient to draw all men, and to show the love of Christ. For truly great and inexpressible are the things shown to us by God. He sacrificed Himself for His enemies, for those who hated Him, for those who turned away from Him. What one would not do even for friends, nor for children, 62.538 nor for brothers, a Master did for slaves, 62.538 a Master not such as the slaves, but God for men, and for men who were not even well-pleasing. For if they had been well-pleasing, if they had been satisfactory, it would not have been so wonderful; but now this is what amazes every mind, to die for such ungrateful and senseless people. For what is not done by men for their fellow men, this was done by God for us; and having enjoyed so much love, we are still coy, and we do not love Christ. He sacrificed Himself for us; but we overlook Him when He is in need of necessary food, and we do not visit Him when He is sick and naked. Of how much wrath are these things worthy, of how much punishment, of how much hell? For if nothing else, at least this alone, that He deigned to make the sufferings of men His own, and to say, "I hunger and I thirst," was it not sufficient to exhort all? But, O the tyranny of money! Or rather, O the wickedness of those who are willingly enslaved to it! It is not that money has great power, but we are extremely dissolute and enslaved, we are base and earthly, we are carnal, we are foolish; for its power is not great. For what can it do, tell me? It is deaf and senseless. If the devil is nothing, that foul demon, so wicked and disturbing all things, what power does money have? If you see silver, consider it to be tin. But you cannot? Therefore, consider what is true, that it is earth; for it is earth. But you do not accept even this reasoning? Consider that we too will perish, that many of those who possessed it profited almost nothing from it, that countless people who boasted in it became ashes and dust, that even now they are paying the ultimate penalty, being much poorer than those who lived with earthenware and glass, those on ivory couches often being more destitute than those in dung-hills. But it delights the

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Ἦλθε γὰρ μαρτυρήσων, φησὶ, τῇ ἀληθείᾳ τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ ἐσφάγη. Ὥστε οὐχ ὁ Πατὴρ αὐτῷ μαρτυρεῖ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς τῷ Πατρί. Ἐγὼ γὰρ ἦλθον ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Πατρός μου, φησί· καὶ πάλιν, Τὸν Θεὸν οὐδεὶς ἑώρακε πώποτε· καὶ πάλιν, Ἵνα γινώσκωσί σε τὸν μόνον ἀληθινὸν Θεόν· καὶ πάλιν, Πνεῦμα ὁ Θεός. Μέχρι θανάτου τοίνυν ἐμαρτύρησε. Τὸ δὲ, Καιροῖς ἰδίοις, τοῦτό ἐστι, τοῖς προσήκουσιν. Εἰς ὃ ἐτέθην ἐγὼ κήρυξ καὶ ἀπόστολος (ἀλήθειαν λέγω, οὐ ψεύδομαι), διδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ. γʹ. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν ὁ Χριστὸς ὑπὲρ ἐθνῶν ἔπαθε, καὶ ἐγὼ διδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἀφωρίσθην, τίνος ἕνεκεν σὺ οὐκ εὔχῃ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν; Καλῶς ἐνταῦθα τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ἀξιόπιστον δεικνὺς, τὸ, Εἰς ὃ ἐτέθην ἐγὼ κήρυξ, φησὶ, τουτέστιν, Ἀφωρίσθην· πάνυ γὰρ ἐνάρκων πρὸς τοῦτο οἱ ἀπόστολοι. Εἶτα ἐπήγαγε, ∆ιδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ. Ἐν πίστει πάλιν· ἀλλὰ μὴ νομίσῃς, ἐπειδὴ, Ἐν πίστει, ἤκουσας, ὅτι ἀπάτη τὸ πρᾶγμά ἐστι· καὶ γὰρ, Ἐν ἀληθείᾳ, φησίν· εἰ δὲ ἀλήθεια, οὐκ ἔστι ψεῦδος. Ὁρᾷς τὴν χάριν ἐκτεταμένην; τοῖς γὰρ Ἰουδαίοις αἱ εὐχαὶ οὐχ ὑπὲρ τοιούτων ἐγίνοντο, νῦν δὲ ἡ χάρις ἐκτέταται. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ διδάσκαλον ἐθνῶν ἑαυτὸν εἶπεν ἀφωρίσθαι, τὴν πανταχοῦ τῆς οἰκουμένης χυθεῖσαν αἰνιττόμενος χάριν. Ὁ δοὺς, φησὶν, ἑαυτὸν ἀντίλυτρον. Πῶς οὖν παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Πατρός; ἄρα οὖν τῆς αὐτοῦ ἀγαθότητος γέγονεν. Ἀντίλυτρον, τί ἐστιν· Ἔμελλε τιμωρεῖσθαι αὐτούς· τοῦτο οὐκ ἐποίησεν. Ἀπόλλυσθαι ἔμελλον· ἀλλ' ἀντ' ἐκείνων τὸν αὑτοῦ ἔδωκεν Υἱὸν, καὶ κήρυκας ἡμᾶς ἔπεμψεν, ὥστε κηρύττειν τὸν σταυρόν. Ἱκανὰ ταῦτα ἐπισπάσασθαι πάντας, καὶ τὴν ἀγάπην ἐνδείξασθαι τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ὄντως γὰρ μεγάλα καὶ ἀνεκδιήγητα τὰ παρὰ Θεοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐπιδεδειγμένα. Κατέθυσεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐχθρῶν, τῶν μισούντων, τῶν ἀποστρεφομένων αὐτόν. Ὃ οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ φίλων, οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ παίδων ποιήσειεν 62.538 ἄν τις, οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ ἀδελφῶν, ∆εσπότης ὑπὲρ δούλων 62.538 ἐποίησε, δεσπότης οὐ τοιοῦτος, οἷος οἱ δοῦλοι, ἀλλὰ Θεὸς ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ἀνθρώπων οὐδὲ εὐδοκιμούντων. Εἰ γὰρ εὐδοκιμηκότες ἦσαν, εἰ γὰρ εὐηρεστηκότες, οὐ τοσοῦτον ἦν θαυμαστόν· νῦν δὲ τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ πᾶσαν διάνοιαν ἐκπλῆττον, τὸ ὑπὲρ τοιούτων ἀχαρίστων καὶ ἀγνωμόνων ἀποθανεῖν. Ὃ γὰρ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων πρὸς ὁμοφύλους οὐ γίνεται, τοῦτο ἐγένετο ἀπὸ Θεοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς· καὶ τοσαύτης ἀπολαύσαντες ἀγάπης, ἀκκιζόμεθα ἔτι, καὶ οὐ φιλοῦμεν τὸν Χριστόν. Αὐτὸς κατέθυσεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν· ἡμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ τῆς ἀναγκαίας τροφῆς ἀποροῦντα περιορῶμεν, καὶ νοσοῦντα καὶ γυμνητεύοντα οὐκ ἐπισκεπτόμεθα. Πόσης ὀργῆς ταῦτα ἄξια, πόσης κολάσεως, πόσης γεέννης; Εἰ γὰρ μηδὲν ἕτερον, τοῦτο γοῦν αὐτὸ μόνον, ὅτι κατηξίωσε τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων πάθη οἰκειοῦσθαι, καὶ λέγειν, ὅτι Πεινῶ καὶ διψῶ, οὐχ ἱκανὸν ἦν πάντας προτρέψαι; Ἀλλ', ὢ τῆς τῶν χρημάτων τυραννίδος! μᾶλλον δὲ, ὢ τῆς τῶν ἑκοντὶ δεδουλωμένων αὐτοῖς μοχθηρίας! Οὐκ ἐκεῖνα ἔχει μεγάλην τὴν ἰσχὺν, ἀλλ' ἡμεῖς σφόδρα ἐσμὲν ἔκλυτοι καὶ δεδουλωμένοι, ἡμεῖς ταπεινοὶ καὶ γεώδεις, ἡμεῖς σαρκικοὶ, ἡμεῖς ἀνόητοι· οὐ γὰρ ἐκείνων μεγάλη ἡ ἰσχύς. Τί γὰρ δύναται, εἰπέ μοι; κωφά ἐστι καὶ ἀναίσθητα. Εἰ ὁ διάβολος οὐδέν ἐστιν, ὁ μιαρὸς δαίμων, ὁ οὕτω πονηρὸς καὶ πάντα κυκῶν, τὰ χρήματα τίνα ἔχει ἰσχύν; Ἐὰν ἴδῃς ἄργυρον, νόμισον εἶναι κασσίτερον. Ἀλλ' οὐ δύνασαι; Οὐκοῦν, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἀληθὲς, τοῦτο νόμισον, ὅτι γῆ ἐστι· γῆ γάρ ἐστιν. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῦτον δέχῃ τὸν λογισμόν; Ἐννόησον ὅτι ἀπολούμεθα καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτι πολλοὶ τῶν κεκτημένων οὐδὲν σχεδὸν αὐτῶν ἀπώναντο, ὅτι μυρίοι κομπάσαντες ἐν αὐτῷ, τέφρα ἐγένοντο καὶ κόνις, ὅτι καὶ νῦν δίκην τίνουσι τὴν ἐσχάτην, τῶν ἐν ὀστράκῳ καὶ ὑέλῳ διαιτηθέντων πολλῷ τυγχάνοντες πτωχότεροι, τῶν ἐν κοπρίᾳ πολλάκις οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν κλινῶν τῶν ἐλεφαντίνων ἀπορώτεροι. Ἀλλὰ τέρπει τὰς