32

I shall try to confess to you all my own hopes. 2.49.1 I, for my part, held the emperors who came before this one to be hardened on account of the savagery of their characters, and my father alone undertook works of gentleness, with wonderful piety in all his actions 2.49.2 invoking the Savior God. But as for the rest, not being sound of mind, they cared more for savagery than for gentleness, and this they nourished abundantly, perverting the true doctrine in their own times, and the terribleness of their wickedness was kindled to such a degree, that when all things both divine and human were at peace, civil wars were fanned into flame by them. 2.50.1 At that time they said that Apollo gave oracles from some cave and dark recess, and not from heaven, saying that the just on earth were an impediment to his speaking the truth, and for this reason the prophecies from the tripods were made false. For this, indeed, his priestess, with her locks let down in sorrow and driven by madness, bewailed the evil among men. But let us see to what end these things came. You now, the most high God, I call upon. I heard then, being still quite a boy, how the one who at that time held the first place among the Roman emperors, wretched, truly wretched, deceived in his soul by error, inquisitively inquired from those of his bodyguard who the just on earth were, and one of the sacrificers around him answered, "The Christians, of course," he said. 2.51.2 And he, having devoured the answer as if it were some honey, extended the swords that were devised against injustices against blameless piety. Immediately, therefore, he drew up edicts with, so to speak, blood-stained points of gore, and he exhorted the judges to extend their natural shrewdness to the invention of newer punishments. 2.52.1 It was then, it was possible to see, with what license that reverence of godliness endured not ordinary insults each day through the continuance of cruelty, and modesty, which no enemy ever wronged, became the by-work of the drunken violence of angry citizens. What fire, what tortures, what kind of instruments of torment was not applied indiscriminately to every body and every age? At that time the earth undoubtedly wept, and the world that contains all things, being stained with gore, lamented, and indeed the very day was veiled in grief at the sight. But what of these things? The barbarians now boast about those things, they who received those fleeing from us at that time and kept them in humane captivity, because they established for them not only their safety but also their modesty to be held in security. And now the Roman race bears this perpetual stain, which the Christians, who at that time were driven from the Roman world and fled to the barbarians, inflicted upon it. But why must I recall those lamentations and the common grief of the world any further? Gone at last are even those authors of the abomination, given over to the pits of Acheron for perpetual punishment, with a shameful end. For having been mixed up in civil wars, they have left behind neither name nor family. which indeed would not have happened to them, if that impious prophecy of the Pythian oracles had not had a counterfeit power. You now, the greatest God, I beseech; may you be gentle and gracious to your people of the East, may you be so to all your provincials who have been crushed by long-lasting calamity, offering healing through me, your servant. And these things I ask not unreasonably, O Master of all, holy God; for by your guidance I have undertaken and accomplished saving deeds, putting forth your seal everywhere I have led a victorious army; and whenever any public need calls, following the same watchwords of your virtue 2.55.2 I advance against the enemy. For these reasons I have dedicated my soul to you, purely blended with love and fear; for I genuinely love your name, and I revere your power, which by many proofs

32

περὶ τῶν κατ' ἐμαυτὸν ἐλπίδων πᾶσιν ὑμῖν ὁμολογῆσαι πειράσομαι. 2.49.1 Ἔσχον ἔγωγε τοὺς πρὸ τούτου γενομένους αὐτοκράτορας διὰ τὸ τῶν τρόπων ἄγριον ἀποσκλήρους, μόνος δ' ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐμὸς ἡμερότητος ἔργα μετεχειρίζετο, μετὰ θαυμαστῆς εὐλαβείας ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἑαυτοῦ πράξεσι 2.49.2 τὸν σωτῆρα θεὸν ἐπικαλούμενος. ὅσοι δὲ λοιποί, οὐχ ὑγιαίνοντες τὰς φρένας ἀγριότητος μᾶλλον ἢ πραότητος ἐπεμέλοντο, καὶ ταύτην ἔτρεφον ἀφθόνως, ἐπὶ τῶν ἰδίων καιρῶν τὸν ἀληθῆ λόγον διαστρέφοντες, τῆς δὲ πονηρίας αὐτοῖς ἡ δεινότης εἰς τοσοῦτον ἐξήπτετο, ὡς πάντων ὁμοῦ τῶν θείων τε καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων πραγμάτων εἰρηνευομένων ἐμφυλίους ὑπ' ἐκείνων πολέμους ἀναρριπίζεσθαι. 2.50.1 Τὸν Ἀπόλλω τὸ τηνικαῦτα ἔφασαν ἐξ ἄντρου τινὸς καὶ σκοτίου μυχοῦ οὐχὶ δ' ἐξ οὐρανοῦ χρῆσαι, ὡς ἄρα οἱ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς δίκαιοι ἐμπόδιον εἶεν τοῦ ἀληθεύειν αὐτόν, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ψευδεῖς τῶν τριπόδων τὰς μαντείας ποιεῖσθαι. τοῦτο γάρ τοι ἡ ἱέρεια αὐτοῦ, κατηφεῖς τοὺς πλοκάμους ἀνεῖσα ὑπὸ μανίας τ' ἐλαυνομένη, τὸ ἐν ἀνθρώποις κακὸν ἀπωδύρετο. ἀλλ' ἴδωμεν ταῦτα εἰς ὁποῖον τέλος ἐξώκειλε. σὲ νῦν τὸν ὕψιστον θεὸν καλῶ· ἠκροώμην τότε κομιδῆ παῖς ἔτι ὑπάρχων, πῶς ὁ κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ παρὰ τοῖς Ῥωμαίων αὐτοκράτορσιν ἔχων τὰ πρωτεῖα, δείλαιος, ἀληθῶς δείλαιος, πλάνῃ τὴν ψυχὴν ἠπατημένος, παρὰ τῶν δορυφορούντων αὐτόν, τίνες ἄρα εἶεν οἱ πρὸς τῇ γῇ δίκαιοι, πολυπραγμονῶν ἐπυνθάνετο, καί τις τῶν περὶ αὐτὸν θυηπόλων ἀποκριθείς, Χριστιανοὶ δήπουθεν, ἔφη. 2.51.2 ὁ δὲ τὴν ἀπόκρισιν ὥσπερ τι καταβροχθίσας μέλι τὰ κατὰ τῶν ἀδικημάτων εὑρεθέντα ξίφη κατὰ τῆς ἀνεπιλήπτου ὁσιότητος ἐξέτεινεν. αὐτίκα δὴ οὖν διατάγματα λύθρων μιαιφόνοις ὡς εἰπεῖν ἀκωκαῖς συνέταττε, τοῖς τε δικασταῖς τὴν κατὰ φύσιν ἀγχίνοιαν εἰς εὕρεσιν κολαστηρίων καινοτέρων ἐκτείνειν παρεκελεύετο. 2.52.1 Ἦν τότε, ἦν ἰδεῖν, μεθ' ὅσης ἐξουσίας ἡ σεμνότης ἐκείνη τῆς θεοσεβείας τῇ τῆς ὠμότητος συνεχείᾳ οὐ τὰς τυχούσας ἐφ' ἑκάστης ἡμέρας ὕβρεις ὑφίστατο, σωφροσύνη δ', ἣν τῶν πολεμίων οὐδεὶς ἠδίκησε πώποτε, ὀργίλων πολιτῶν παροινίας πάρεργον ἐγίγνετο. ποῖον πῦρ ποῖαι βάσανοι ποῖον στρεβλωτηρίων εἶδος οὐχὶ παντὶ σώματι καὶ ἡλικίᾳ πάσῃ ἀδιακρίτως προσήγετο; τὸ τηνικαῦτα ἐδάκρυε μὲν ἀναμφιβόλως ἡ γῆ, ὁ δὲ τὰ σύμπαντα περιέχων κόσμος τῷ λύθρῳ χραινόμενος ἀπεκλάετο, ἥ γε μὴν ἡμέρα αὐτὴ τῷ πένθει τοῦ θεάματος ἐνεκαλύπτετο. Ἀλλὰ τί ταῦτα; αὐχοῦσι νῦν ἐπ' ἐκείνοις οἱ βάρβαροι οἱ τοὺς κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ ἐξ ἡμῶν φεύγοντας ὑποδεδεγμένοι καὶ φιλανθρώπῳ τηρήσαντες αἰχμαλωσίᾳ, ὅτι οὐ μόνον τὴν σωτηρίαν ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῆς σεμνότητος αὐτοῖς κατέστησαν ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ ἔχειν. καὶ νῦν τὸ Ῥωμαίων γένος κηλῖδα ταύτην διηνεκῆ φέρει, ἣν οἱ κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ τῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς οἰκουμένης ἐλαυνόμενοι Χριστιανοὶ καὶ βαρβάροις προσφεύγοντες προσετρίψαντο. Ἀλλὰ τί τῶν θρήνων ἐκείνων καὶ τοῦ κοινοῦ τῆς οἰκουμένης πένθους ἐπὶ πλέον μεμνῆσθαί με δεῖ; οἴχονται λοιπὸν καὶ ἐκεῖνοι οἱ τοῦ μύσους αὐθένται, πρὸς διηνεκῆ κόλασιν τοῖς Ἀχέροντος βαράθροις ἐκδοθέντες, σὺν αἰσχρῷ τέλει. πολέμοις γὰρ ἐμφυλίοις καταμιγέντες οὔτ' ὄνομα οὔτε γένος αὐτῶν καταλελοίπασιν. ὃ δὴ οὐκ ἂν αὐτοῖς συμβεβήκει, εἰ μὴ ἡ ἀσεβὴς ἐκείνη τῶν τοῦ Πυθίου χρηστηρίων μαντεία κίβδηλον δύναμιν ἐσχήκει. Σὲ νῦν τὸν μέγιστον θεὸν παρακαλῶ· εἴης πρᾶός τε καὶ εὐμενὴς τοῖς σοῖς ἀνατολικοῖς, εἴης πᾶσι τοῖς σοῖς ἐπαρχιώταις ὑπὸ χρονίου συμφορᾶς συντριβεῖσι, δι' ἐμοῦ τοῦ σοῦ θεράποντος ὀρέγων ἴασιν. καὶ ταῦτά γε αἰτῶ οὐκ ἀπεικότως, ὦ δέσποτα τῶν ὅλων, ἅγιε θεέ· ταῖς σαῖς γὰρ ὑφηγήσεσιν ἐνεστησάμην σωτηριώδη πράγματα καὶ διήνυσα, τὴν σὴν σφραγῖδα πανταχοῦ προβαλλόμενος καλλινίκου ἡγησάμην στρατοῦ· κἄν πού τις τῶν δημοσίων καλῇ χρεία, τοῖς αὐτοῖς τῆς σῆς ἀρετῆς ἑπόμενος 2.55.2 συνθήμασιν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους πρόειμι. διὰ ταῦτά τοι ἀνέθηκά σοι τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ψυχὴν ἔρωτι καὶ φόβῳ καθαρῶς ἀνακραθεῖσαν· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ὄνομά σου γνησίως ἀγαπῶ, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν εὐλαβοῦμαι, ἣν πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις