being set apart, but is subject to every quality just like a prepared place. And by qualities they mean dispositively the activities and productions in general, in which movements and relations happen to be; for they say that substance does not partake of any of these according to its own nature, but that this substance is always inseparable from some of them by affection, and is no less receptive of all the activities of the maker, as that maker may act and change it; for the tension which is with it and has permeated through all things would be the cause of every quality and of the economies concerning it; and they say that it is changeable through and through and divisible through and through, and that all substance can be mixed with all, being united, however. 27.9 But since, inquiring about substance because of «0the supersubstantial» «bread20» and the peculiar people in order that the things signifying substance might be distinguished, we have said these things, and since the 20bread20 in what preceded was intelligible, for which we ought to ask, it is necessary to conceive substance as being kindred 20to the bread20; so that just as the corporeal 20bread20, being assimilated, passes into the body of the one being nourished, into his substance, so also «the living» and «from heaven» having come down «0bread20», being assimilated into the mind and the soul, may impart of its own power to the one who has offered himself to the nourishment from it; and thus will be the «0bread» «supersubstantial20.» And again, in whatever way, according to the quality of the «food,» being «solid» and suitable for athletes or something milky and vegetable-like, the one being nourished comes to be in a different state of power, so it follows that, from the Word of God being given either as milk suitably for children or as a vegetable fittingly for the weak or as flesh for those who are struggling <seasonably>, each of those being nourished, according to the proportion to which he has offered himself to the Word, is able to do this or that, and to become of this or that kind. There is, however, a certain so-called food, which is poisonous, and another which causes sickness, and another which cannot even be assimilated; all of which must be transferred by analogy also to the differences of the so-called nutritious teachings. The 20supersubstantial20 20bread20, therefore, is that which is most suitable to the rational nature and akin to its very substance, procuring health and well-being and strength for the soul and imparting of its own immortality (for the Word of God is immortal) to the one who eats of it. 27.10 This very 20supersubstantial bread20 seems to me in Scripture to have been called by another name, «tree of life», of which he who has stretched out «his hand» and taken from it «shall live forever.» And by a third name this «tree» is called the «wisdom» of God by Solomon in these words: «She is a tree of life to all who lay hold of her, and for those who lean on her, as on the Lord, she is secure.» And since the angels are also nourished by the wisdom of God, being empowered by the contemplation of truth with wisdom to accomplish their own works, it is said in the Psalms that the angels also are nourished, while the men of God, who are called Hebrews, share with the angels and become, as it were, their fellow-banqueters. Such is the saying, «0bread20 of angels did man eat.» For let not our mind be so impoverished as to suppose that the angels are always nourished by partaking of some corporeal 20bread20, that which is recorded to have come down from heaven upon those who had come out of Egypt, with the Hebrews themselves having shared this with the angels, the ministering spirits of God. 27.11 But it is not inopportune for us who are seeking «0the supersubstantial» «bread20» and the «tree of life» and the wisdom of God and the common food of holy men and angels, to pay attention also to the three men written of in Genesis, who were hosted by Abraham and partook of three measures of kneaded «fine flour» for the making of cakes, lest perhaps these things are said merely tropically, since the saints are able at times to impart intelligible and rational food not only to men but also to more divine powers, either for their benefit or as a demonstration of the most nutritious things they have been able to procure for themselves, rejoicing and being nourished in such
ἀποτεταγμένον ἔχουσα, πάσῃ δὲ ἔγκειται ποιότητι καθάπερ ἕτοιμόν τι χωρίον. ποιότητας δὲ διατακτικῶς λέγουσι τὰς ἐνεργείας καὶ τὰς ποιήσεις κοινῶς, ἐν αἷς εἶναι τὰς κινήσεις καὶ σχέσεις συμβέβηκεν· οὐδέ τινος γὰρ τούτων κατὰ τὸν ἴδιον λόγον μετέχειν φασὶ τὴν οὐσίαν, ἀεὶ δέ τινος αὐτῶν ἀχώριστον εἶναι πάθει τήνδε, οὐδὲν ἧττον καὶ ἐπι δεκτὴν πασῶν τῶν τοῦ ποιοῦντος ἐνεργειῶν, ὡς ἂν ἐκεῖνο ποιῇ καὶ μεταβάλλῃ· ὁ γὰρ συνὼν αὐτῇ τόνος καὶ δι' ὅλων κεχωρηκὼς πάσης τε ποιότητος καὶ τῶν περὶ αὐτὴν αἴτιος ἂν οἰκονομιῶν· δι' ὅλων τε μεταβλητὴν καὶ δι' ὅλων διαιρετὴν λέγουσιν εἶναι, καὶ πᾶσαν οὐσίαν πάσῃ συγχεῖσθαι δύνασθαι, ἡνωμένην μέντοι. 27.9 ἐπεὶ δὲ περὶ τῆς οὐσίας ζητοῦντες διὰ «0τὸν ἐπιούσιον» «ἄρτον20» καὶ τὸν περιούσιον λαὸν εἰς τὸ τὰ σημαίνοντα διακριθῆναι τῆς οὐσίας ταῦτ' εἰρήκαμεν, 20ἄρτος20 δὲ ἐν τοῖς πρὸ τούτων νοητὸς ἦν, ὃν αἰτεῖν ἡμᾶς ἐχρῆν, ἀναγκαῖον συγγενῆ 20τῷ ἄρτῳ20 τὴν οὐσίαν εἶναι νοεῖν· ἵν' ὥσπερ ὁ σωματικὸς 20ἄρτος20 ἀναδιδόμενος εἰς τὸ τοῦ τρεφομένου σῶμα χωρεῖ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν οὐσίαν, οὕτως «ὁ ζῶν» καὶ «ἐξ οὐρανοῦ» καταβεβηκὼς «0ἄρτος20» ἀναδιδόμενος εἰς τὸν νοῦν καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν μεταδῷ τῆς ἰδίας δυνάμεως τῷ ἐμπαρεσχηκότι ἑαυτὸν τῇ ἀπ' αὐτοῦ τροφῇ· καὶ οὕτως ἔσται ὃν αἰτοῦμεν «0ἄρτον» «ἐπιούσιον20.» καὶ πάλιν ὃν τρόπον κατὰ τὴν ποιότητα τῆς «τρο φῆς,» «στερεᾶς» οὔσης καὶ ἀθληταῖς ἁρμοζούσης ἢ γαλακτώδους τινὸς καὶ λαχανώδους, ἐν διαφόρῳ δυνάμει ὁ τρεφόμενος γίνεται, οὕτως ἀκόλουθόν ἐστι, τοῦ λόγου τοῦ θεοῦ ἤτοι ὡς γάλακτος παιδίοις ἁρμοζόντως διδομένου ἢ ὡς λαχάνου ἀσθενοῦσιν ἐπιτηδείως ἢ ὡς σαρκὸς ἀγωνιζομένοις προσ<καίρως>, ἕκαστον τῶν τρεφομένων κατὰ τὴν ἀναλογίαν, ᾧ ἐμπαρέσχεν ἑαυτὸν λόγῳ, τόδε τι ἢ τόδε δύνασθαι καὶ τοιόνδε ἢ τοιόνδε γίνεσθαι. ἔστι μέντοι γε τὶς νομιζομένη τροφὴ, οὖσα δηλητήριος, καὶ ἑτέρα νοσοποιὸς καὶ ἄλλη μηδὲ ἀναδοθῆναι δυναμένη· ἅπερ πάντα κατ' ἀναλογίαν μετενεκτέον ἐστὶ καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς διαφορὰς τῶν νομιζομένων τροφίμων μαθημάτων. 20ἐπιούσιος20 τοίνυν 20ἄρτος20 ὁ τῇ φύσει τῇ λογικῇ καταλληλότατος καὶ τῇ οὐσίᾳ αὐτῇ συγγενὴς, ὑγείαν ἅμα καὶ εὐεξίαν καὶ ἰσχὺν περιποιῶν τῇ ψυχῇ καὶ τῆς ἰδίας ἀθανασίας (ἀθάνατος γὰρ ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ) μεταδιδοὺς τῷ ἐσθίοντι αὐτοῦ. 27.10 οὗτος δὴ ὁ 20ἐπιούσιος ἄρτος20 ἄλλῳ ὀνόματι δοκεῖ μοι ἐν τῇ γραφῇ «ξύλον ζωῆς» ὠνομάσθαι, ἐφ' ὅπερ ὁ ἐκτείνας «τὴν χεῖρα» καὶ λαβὼν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ «ζήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.» καὶ τρίτῳ ὀνόματι τοῦτο τὸ «ξύλον» «σοφία» τοῦ θεοῦ ὀνομάζεται παρὰ τῷ Σολομῶντι διὰ τούτων· «ξύλον ζωῆς ἐστι πᾶσι τοῖς ἀντεχομένοις αὐτῆς, καὶ τοῖς ἐπερειδομένοις ὡς ἐπὶ κύριον ἀσφαλής.» ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι σοφίᾳ τρέφονται θεοῦ, ἀπὸ τῆς κατὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν μετὰ σοφίας θεωρίας δυναμούμενοι πρὸς τὸ τὰ ἴδια ἔργα ἐπιτελεῖν, λέγεται ἐν ψαλμοῖς καὶ τοὺς ἀγγέλους τρέφεσθαι, κοινωνούντων τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ θεοῦ, οἵτινες Ἑβραῖοι προσαγορεύονται, τοῖς ἀγγέλοις καὶ οἱονεὶ καὶ συνεστίων αὐτοῖς γινομένων. τοιοῦτον δέ ἐστι τὸ «0ἄρτον20 ἀγγέ λων ἔφαγεν ἄνθρωπος.» μὴ γὰρ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον πτωχεύσαι ὁ νοῦς ἡμῶν, ὡς οἰηθῆναι σωματικοῦ τινος 20ἄρτου20, τοῦ ἱστορουμένου οὐρα νόθεν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐξεληλυθότας τὴν Αἴγυπτον καταβεβηκέναι, τοὺς ἀγγέλους ἀεὶ μεταλαμβάνοντας τρέφεσθαι, τούτου αὐτοῦ κεκοινω νηκότων τῶν Ἑβραίων τοῖς ἀγγέλοις, τοῖς λειτουργικοῖς τοῦ θεοῦ πνεύμασιν. 27.11 οὐκ ἄκαιρον δὲ ζητοῦσιν ἡμῖν «0τὸν ἐπιούσιον» «ἄρτον20» καὶ τὸ «ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς» καὶ τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ θεοῦ τήν τε κοινὴν ἁγίων ἀνθρώπων καὶ ἀγγέλων τροφὴν ἐπιστῆσαι καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐν Γενέσει γεγραμμένων τριῶν ἀνδρῶν, καταχθέντων παρὰ τῷ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ μεταλαβόντων πεφυραμένων τριῶν μέτρων «σεμιδάλεως» εἰς ἐγκρυφιῶν ποίησιν, μή ποτε γυμνῶς τροπικῶς ταῦτα εἴρηται, δυ ναμένων τῶν ἁγίων μεταδοῦναί ποτε τροφῆς νοητῆς καὶ λογικῆς οὐ μόνον ἀνθρώποις ἀλλὰ καὶ θειοτέραις δυνάμεσιν ἤτοι εἰς ὠφέ λειαν αὐτῶν ἢ εἰς ἐπίδειξιν ὧν δεδύνηνται περιποιῆσαι ἑαυτοῖς τρο φιμωτάτων, εὐφραινομένων καὶ τρεφομένων ἐν τῇ τοιαύτῃ