34

But as he was gladdened by these things, a report was brought to him concerning no small disturbance that had seized the churches, at which, being struck in his hearing, he began to consider a cure for the evil. 2.61.3 And it was of this sort. For the people of God were glorying, being adorned by the emperor’s deeds, nor was there any external fear to cause trouble, since previously a glorious and most profound peace from all quarters was protecting the church by the grace of God; but envy, it seems, lay in wait even for our good things, creeping within, and dancing in the very midst of the companies of the saints. 2.61.4 It set the bishops at odds, then, casting strife among them by caviling on the pretext of divine doctrines, and then as from a small spark a great fire was kindled, beginning as if from the very summit of the church of the Alexandrians, and running through 2.61.5 all of Egypt and Libya and the Thebaid beyond, and it was already spreading over the other provinces and cities, so that one could see not only the presidents of the churches wrangling in words, but also the multitudes being cut apart, some inclining toward these men, and others toward those. And the sight of what was happening reached such a pitch of absurdity that the sacred matters of the inspired teaching were now enduring the most shameful mockery in the very midst of the theaters of the unbelievers. 2.62.1 Those, therefore, in Alexandria itself were vigorously wrangling about the highest matters, while those throughout all Egypt and the upper Thebaid were divided on account of a pre-existing older matter, so that the churches were divided everywhere. With these, as with an afflicted body, all Libya was suffering, and the remaining parts of the outer provinces were sick with them. For some from Alexandria sent embassies to the bishops of each province, while others, being cut into the other part, shared in the same contention. When the emperor learned these things, he was greatly pained in soul and considered the matter a personal misfortune, and immediately he sent one of the pious men around him whom he well knew to be approved for his temperate life and excellence of faith, a man made very illustrious by his confessions on behalf of piety in former times, as an arbiter of peace to those who were divided in Alexandria, and through him he sent a most necessary letter to the authors of the caviling, which itself, containing an indication of the emperor's care for the people of God, is good to be included in the narrative about him, and it was in this manner. Victor Constantinus Maximus Augustus to Alexander and Arius. I make God himself, the helper of my undertakings and savior of all, my witness, as is fitting, that a twofold cause has arisen for me for these things, the need for which I have undertaken in deed. For first, I was eager to unite the disposition of all the nations concerning the divine into one established state, and second, to recover and join together 2.65.2 the body of the whole inhabited world, which was suffering as if from some grievous wound. Considering these things, I was contemplating the one with the secret eye of the mind, and the other I was trying to set right by the power of a military hand, knowing that if I should establish a common harmony for all the servants of God in answer to my prayers, the need of public affairs would also reap a change that runs together with the pious minds of all. 2.66.1 For since an intolerable madness had seized all of Africa, because of those who with ill-advised levity had dared to split the religion of the peoples into different heresies, wishing to quell this disease, I found no other sufficient remedy for the matter, than if I, having removed the common enemy of the world who has opposed his unholy opinion to your sacred synods, should send some of you as helpers toward the harmony of those who are at variance with one another. For since the power of the light and the law of the sacred religion, having been given forth by the beneficence of the superior being as if from some bosom of the east, has illuminated the whole world at once with a sacred torch, it was fitting that you, as certain leaders of the salvation of the nations

34

φαιδρυνομένῳ δ' αὐτῷ ἐπὶ τούτοις φήμη τις διαγγέλλεται ἀμφὶ ταραχῆς οὐ σμικρᾶς τὰς ἐκκλησίας διαλαβούσης, ἐφ' ᾗ τὴν ἀκοὴν πληγεὶς ἴασιν τῷ κακῷ 2.61.3 περιενόει. τὸ δ' ἦν ἄρα τοιόνδε. ἐσεμνύνετο μὲν ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ λεὼς ταῖς βασιλέως καλλωπιζόμενος πράξεσιν, οὐδ' ἦν τις ἔξωθεν φόβος ταράττων, ὡς καὶ πρώην λαμπρᾶς καὶ βαθυτάτης εἰρήνης ἁπανταχόθεν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν θεοῦ χάριτι περιφραττούσης· φθόνος δ' ἄρα καὶ τοῖς ἡμετέροις ἐφήδρευε καλοῖς, εἴσω μὲν εἰσδυόμενος, μέσος δ' ἐν αὐτοῖς χορεύων τοῖς τῶν ἁγίων ὁμίλοις. 2.61.4 συμβάλλει δῆτα τοὺς ἐπισκόπους, στάσιν ἐμβαλὼν ἐρεσχελίας θείων προφάσει δογμάτων, κἄπειθ' ὡς ἀπὸ μικροῦ σπινθῆρος μέγα πῦρ ἐξεκάετο, ἄκρας μὲν ὥσπερ ἀπὸ κορυφῆς ἀρξάμενον τῆς Ἀλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας, διαδραμὸν δὲ 2.61.5 τὴν σύμπασαν Αἴγυπτόν τε καὶ Λιβύην τήν τ' ἐπέκεινα Θηβαΐδα, ἤδη δὲ καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς ἐπενέμετο ἐπαρχίας τε καὶ πόλεις, ὥστ' οὐ μόνους ἦν ἰδεῖν τοὺς τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν προέδρους λόγοις διαπληκτιζομένους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ πλήθη κατατεμνόμενα, τῶν μὲν ὡς τούσδε τῶν δὲ θατέροις ἐπικλινομένων. τοσοῦτον δὲ διήλαυνεν ἀτοπίας ἡ τῶν γινομένων θέα, ὥστ' ἤδη ἐν αὐτοῖς μέσοις τοῖς τῶν ἀπίστων θεάτροις τὰ σεμνὰ τῆς ἐνθέου διδασκαλίας τὴν αἰσχίστην ὑπομένειν χλεύην. 2.62.1 Οἱ μὲν οὖν κατ' αὐτὴν τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν νεανικῶς περὶ τῶν ἀνωτάτω διεπληκτίζοντο, οἱ δ' ἀμφὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Αἴγυπτον καὶ τὴν ἄνω Θηβαΐδα προϋποκειμένης παλαιοτέρας ὑποθέσεως χάριν διεστασίαζον, ὡς πανταχοῦ διηρῆσθαι τὰς ἐκκλησίας. τούτοις δ' ὥσπερ σώματος κεκακωμένου σύμπασα Λιβύη συνέκαμνε, συνενόσει δὲ καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ μέρη τῶν ἐκτὸς ἐπαρχιῶν. οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας διεπρεσβεύοντο πρὸς τοὺς κατ' ἐπαρχίαν ἐπισκόπους, οἱ δ' εἰς θάτερον τεμνόμενοι μέρος τῆς ὁμοίας ἐκοινώνουν στάσεως. Ταῦτα δὲ πυθόμενος βασιλεὺς καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπεραλγήσας συμφοράν τε οἰκείαν τὸ πρᾶγμα θέμενος, παραχρῆμα τῶν ἀμφ' αὐτὸν θεοσεβῶν ὃν εὖ ἠπίστατο βίῳ σώφρονι πίστεως τ' ἀρετῇ δεδοκιμασμένον, ἄνδρα λαμπρυνόμενον εὖ μάλα ταῖς ὑπὲρ εὐσεβείας ὁμολογίαις κατὰ τοὺς ἔμπροσθεν χρόνους, βραβευτὴν εἰρήνης τοῖς κατὰ τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν διεστῶσιν ἐκπέμπει, γράμμα τ' ἀναγκαιότατον δι' αὐτοῦ τοῖς τῆς ἐρεσχελίας αἰτίοις ἐπιτίθησιν, ὃ δὴ καὶ αὐτὸ γνώρισμα περιέχον τῆς βασιλέως ἀμφὶ τὸν λαὸν τοῦ θεοῦ κηδεμονίας τῇ περὶ αὐτοῦ φέρεσθαι διηγήσει καλόν, ἔχον τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον. Νικητὴς Κωνσταντῖνος Μέγιστος Σεβαστὸς Ἀλεξάνδρῳ καὶ Ἀρείῳ. ∆ιπλῆν μοι γεγενῆσθαι πρόφασιν τούτων, ὧν ἔργῳ τὴν χρείαν ὑπέστην, αὐτὸν ὡς εἰκὸς τὸν τῶν ἐμῶν ἐγχειρημάτων βοηθὸν καὶ σωτῆρα τῶν ὅλων θεὸν ποιοῦμαι μάρτυρα. Πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ τὴν ἁπάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν περὶ τὸ θεῖον πρόθεσιν εἰς μίαν ἕξεως σύστασιν ἑνῶσαι, δεύτερον δὲ τὸ τῆς κοινῆς οἰκουμένης σῶμα καθάπερ χαλεπῷ τινι τραύματι πεπονηκὸς ἀνακτήσασθαι καὶ 2.65.2 συναρμόσαι προὐθυμήθην. ἃ δὴ προσκοπῶν ἕτερον μὲν ἀπορρήτῳ τῆς διανοίας ὀφθαλμῷ συνελογιζόμην, ἕτερον δὲ τῇ τῆς στρατιωτικῆς χειρὸς ἐξουσίᾳ κατορθοῦν ἐπειρώμην, εἰδὼς ὡς εἰ κοινὴν ἅπασι τοῖς τοῦ θεοῦ θεράπουσιν ἐπ' εὐχαῖς ταῖς ἐμαῖς ὁμόνοιαν καταστήσαιμι, καὶ ἡ τῶν δημοσίων πραγμάτων χρεία σύνδρομον ταῖς ἁπάντων εὐσεβέσι γνώμαις 2.66.1 τὴν μεταβολὴν καρπώσεται. μανίας γὰρ δήπουθεν οὐκ ἀνεκτῆς ἅπασαν τὴν Ἀφρικὴν ἐπιλαβούσης καὶ διὰ τοὺς ἀβούλῳ κουφότητι τὴν τῶν δήμων θρησκείαν εἰς διαφόρους αἱρέσεις σχίσαι τετολμηκότας, ταύτην ἐγὼ τὴν νόσον καταστεῖλαι βουληθείς, οὐδεμίαν ἑτέραν ἀρκοῦσαν τῷ πράγματι θεραπείαν ηὕρισκον, ἢ εἰ τὸν κοινὸν τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐχθρὸν ἐξελών, ὃς ταῖς ἱεραῖς ὑμῶν συνόδοις τὴν ἀθέμιτον ἑαυτοῦ γνώμην ἀντέστησεν, ἐνίους ὑμῶν πρὸς τὴν τῶν πρὸς ἀλλήλους διχονοούντων ὁμόνοιαν βοηθοὺς ἀποστείλαιμι. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἡ τοῦ φωτὸς δύναμις καὶ ὁ τῆς ἱερᾶς θρησκείας νόμος, ὑπὸ τῆς τοῦ κρείττονος εὐεργεσίας οἷον ἔκ τινων τῆς ἀνατολῆς κόλπων ἐκδοθείς, ἅπασαν ὁμοῦ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἱερῷ λαμπτῆρι κατήστραψεν, εἰκότως ὑμᾶς, ὥσπερ τινὰς ἀρχηγοὺς τῆς τῶν ἐθνῶν σωτηρίας