Theodore the Studite, Letters

is, whoever he may be, I know not, unless he promises correction; for we have both pardoned and do pardon many up to a first and second or even a third reminder, but more than this is indifference and contempt for the canons, or rather for God, from whom they were given. This is our defense, master, to your extraordinary excellence. and we ask of it, wherever reason may flow, to submit what is necessary, as being examined and rewarded by God; for that we did something by hand here to someone, it is ridiculous even to be believed by any of the right-minded. Not at all; but what was done by us was with all exhortation and by those who accepted it with all consent, and then a cutting short of those with excessively long hair almost to the waist and who were effeminate, so that we might seem not to fall away from the canon even a little; and perhaps from this there might be some return to what is better. Pray therefore, O master, that we may live lawfully and peacefully, contributing also what you can in our affairs as far as possible, so that, if there is anything good, your honorable soul may also share in the good. 28 {1Βασιλείῳ μονάζοντι}1 We received your letter of brotherly love and were astonished at its sudden change. The former letters (to omit saying other things), not being necessary at present, contained an accusation against Joseph the steward, as having entered the church wrongly, while the latter, on the contrary, showed a complete acquittal. And your piety ought to know what one of the saints says of him who at one time praises and at another blames the same person for the same thing. But let this be as nothing, although it is a charge of contradiction. But why is it that you were so rashly led, before any investigative and learned experience, to declare a schism from our church against our humility and for this reason an anathema? "Take heed to yourself," says the word, "and before you examine, do not find fault, and understand first, and then rebuke." But you, having observed none of these things, nor considered that it is also certainly our part to speak and act according to reason, have thus rebuked us as uneducated and irrational men, who have just tasted the monastic life and are still among the disciples. And not only this, but you also chided us. And would that it were only this; but you also delivered us over to anathema. And alas for the affairs of men! How is it that one does not long preserve the bounds of friendship unshaken? For if this were pure in your honor, you would not have so unexpectedly mocked our lowliness. Nevertheless, we are worthy of such things, and it is no wonder if we are insulted even by your friendship. But what we are, we have been made manifest to God, and it is right also to declare to your understanding, when it stumbles and is scandalized. We are not schismatics, O wonderful one, from the church of God, may we never suffer this; but if in other respects we happen to be in many sins, nevertheless we are of the same body with her and nourished with the divine dogmas, and we are eager that her canons and ordinances be kept. But to disturb and to cause schism from her, who truly has no spot or wrinkle either according to the rule of faith or the definition of the canons from the beginning of the age even until now, belongs to those whose faith is perverse and whose life is irregular and lawless; one of whom is also Joseph who crowned the adulterer, and those who tolerate concelebrating with him as if he were blameless, and indeed also those who recommend him as one who performs sacred rites innocently. For how is it that your reverence, writing to us canonically, does not know the divine canons, that according to them the man has been deposed? For if they do not permit a presbyter to feast at the wedding of one who is remarrying, what about crowning one who is remarrying? And what about feasting at an adulterous wedding for thirty whole days? And what about (the more destructive thing) even crowning an adulterer according to the word of the Lord, saying the sacred prayer over the union of the adulterous couple and invoking the

ἐστι, κἂν ὁστισοῦν τυγχάνῃ, οὐκ οἶδα, εἰ μὴ ἐπαγγέλλεται τὴν διόρθωσιν· καὶ γὰρ πολλοῖς καὶ συνεχωρήσαμεν καὶ παραχωροῦμεν μέχρι μιᾶς καὶ δευτέρας ὑπομνήσεως ἢ καὶ τρίτης, τὸ δὲ πλέον ἀδιαφορία καὶ τῶν κανόνων καταφρόνησις, μᾶλλον δὲ θεοῦ, παρ' οὗ ἐδόθησαν. Αὕτη ἡμῶν ἡ ἀπολογία, δέσποτα, πρὸς τὴν ὑπερφυῆ σου ὑπεροχήν. καὶ δεόμεθα αὐτῆς, ὅπουπερ ἂν ἐπιρρυῇ λόγος, τὰ δέοντα ὡς ὑπὸ θεοῦ ἀνακρινομένη καὶ μισθαποδοτουμένη ὑποβαλεῖν· περὶ γὰρ ὅτι χειρὶ ἐποιήσαμεν ἡμεῖς ἐνταῦθά τινι, γελοῖόν ἐστι καὶ τὸ πιστεύεσθαι πρός τινος τῶν εὖ φρονούντων. οὐδαμῶς· ἀλλὰ τὸ παρ' ἡμῶν μετὰ πάσης παρακλήσεως καὶ τῶν καταδεχομένων μετὰ πάσης συγκαταθέσεως γέγονεν, καὶ τότε ἀκρωτηριασμὸς τῶν ὑπερκομώντων σχεδὸν μέχρι ζώσεως καὶ καταβλακευομένων, ἵνα δόξωμεν μικρόν τι τοῦ κανόνος μὴ ἀποπίπτειν· καὶ ἴσως ἐκ τούτου γένηταί τις πρὸς τὸ βέλτιον ἐπαναδρομή. Εὔχου τοίνυν, ὦ δέσποτα, ἐννόμως καὶ εἰρηνικῶς ἡμᾶς ζῆν, συμβάλλων καὶ τὰ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ ἐν τοῖς καθ' ἡμᾶς κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν, ἵνα, ἐάν τι ἀγαθόν, συμμεθέξει καὶ ἡ τιμία σου ψυχὴ τοῦ καλοῦ. 28 {1Βασιλείῳ μονάζοντι}1 Ἐδεξάμεθά σου τὰ γράμματα τῆς ἀδελφικῆς ἀγάπης καὶ ἐθαυμάσαμεν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀθρόᾳ μεταβολῇ αὐτῆς. τὰ μὲν πρότερα (ἵνα τὰ ἄλλα ἐάσω λέγειν), οὐκ ἀναγκαῖα ὄντα κατὰ τὸ παριστάμενον, Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ οἰκονόμου κατηγορίαν εἶχον, ὡς κακῶς εἰσελθόντος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, τὰ δὲ δεύτερα τοὐναντίον ἀθώωσιν ἐμφαίνοντα παντάπασιν. καὶ ὁ τὸν αὐτὸν κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ πρᾶγμα ποτὲ μὲν ἐπαινῶν ποτὲ δὲ ψέγων ὅ τι λέγει τις τῶν ἁγίων γινώσκειν ὀφείλει ἡ θεοσέβειά σου. ἀλλ' ἔστω τοῦτο εἰς μηδέν, καίπερ ὂν ἐναντιολογίας ὄφλημα. τί δὲ ὅτι οὕτως ἀκρίτως προήχθη, πρὶν ἐξεταστικῆς καὶ μαθηματικῆς πείρας, ἀποφήνασθαι κατὰ τῆς ταπεινώσεως ἡμῶν ἀποσχισμὸν τῆς καθ' ἡμᾶς ἐκκλησίας καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀναθεματισμόν; πρόσεχε σεαυτῷ, φησὶν ὁ λόγος, καὶ πρὶν ἐξετάσεις, μὴ μέμψῃ καὶ νόησον πρῶτον, καὶ τότε ἐπιτίμα. αὐτὴ δὲ μηδὲν τούτων παρατηρήσασα μηδὲ ὑπολογισαμένη ὅτι πρόσεστι καὶ ἡμῖν πάντως τὸ κατὰ λόγον λέγειν καὶ πράττειν οὕτως ὡς ἀπαιδεύτοις καὶ ἀλόγοις καὶ ἀρτιγεύστοις τῆς μοναδικῆς πολιτείας καὶ ἐν μαθητευομένοις τελοῦσιν ἐπετίμησας. καὶ οὐ μόνον τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπέπληξας. καὶ εἴθε τοῦτο· ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀναθεματισμῷ παρέπεμψας. καὶ φεῦ τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων· πῶς οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ διασῴζει τοὺς τῆς φιλίας ὅρους ἀμετακινήτους; εἰ γὰρ τοῦτο ὑπῆρχεν τῇ τιμιότητί σου ἀκραιφνές, οὐκ ἂν οὕτως ἀπροόπτως τὴν εὐτέλειαν ἡμῶν κατεκερτόμει. πλὴν ἄξιοι τῶν τοιούτων, καὶ οὐ θαυμαστόν, εἰ καὶ ὑπὸ τῆς φιλίας σου προυπηλακιζόμεθα. Ἡμεῖς δὲ ὃ ἐσμέν, θεῷ μὲν πεφανερώμεθα, δίκαιον δὲ καὶ τῇ συνέσει σου, ἐπὰν προσκόπτῃ καὶ σκανδαλίζεται, ἐπιδηλῶσαι. οὐκ ἐσμὲν ἀποσχίσται, ὦ θαυμάσιε, τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκλησίας, μήποτε τοῦτο πάθοιμεν· ἀλλ' εἰ καὶ ἄλλως ἐν πολλοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι τυγχάνομεν, ὅμως ὁμόσωμοι αὐτῆς καὶ τρόφιμοι μετὰ τῶν θείων δογμάτων καὶ τοὺς κανόνας αὐτῆς καὶ διατυπώσεις γλιχόμενοι φυλάττεσθαι. τὸ δὲ ταράττειν καὶ ἀποσχίζειν ἀπ' αὐτῆς, τῆς μηδεμίαν ἐχούσης ἀληθῶς κηλῖδα ἢ ῥυτίδα κατά τε τὸν τῆς πίστεως λόγον καὶ τὸν τῶν κανόνων ὅρον ἀπ' ἀρχῆς αἰῶνος καὶ μέχρι τοῦ δεῦρο, ἐκείνων ἐστίν, ὧν ἡ πίστις τὸ ἐνδιάστροφον ἔχει καὶ ὁ βίος τὸ ἀκανόνιστον καὶ ἄθεσμον· ὧν εἷς ἐστι καὶ ὁ Ἰωσὴφ ὁ τὸν μοιχὸν στεφανώσας οἵ τε τούτῳ ὡς ἀμέμπτῳ ἀνεχόμενοι συλλειτουργεῖν, καὶ μὴν καὶ οἱ συνιστῶντες αὐτὸν ὡς ἀθώως ἱερουργοῦντα. πῶς γὰρ κανονικῶς ἡμῖν γράφουσα ἡ εὐλάβειά σου οὐ τοὺς θείους κανόνας ἐπίσταται, ὅτι κατ' αὐτοὺς καθῃρημένος ἐστὶν ὁ ἀνήρ; εἰ γὰρ εἰ διγαμοῦντος γάμον οὐκ ἐῶσι τὸν πρεσβύτερον ἑστιαθῆναι, τί πρὸς τὸ τὸν δίγαμον στεφανῶσαι; τί δὲ τὸ εἰς μοιχικὸν γάμον ἑστιαθῆναι ὅλαις τριάκοντα ἡμέραις; τί δὲ (τὸ ὀλεθριώτερον) τὸ καὶ στεφανῶσαι μοιχὸν κατὰ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου, τὴν ἐπὶ τῇ συναφείᾳ ἱερὰν προσευχὴν λέγοντα τὸν μοιχοζεύκτην καὶ προσκαλούμενον τὴν