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to prepare polluted suppers for the gods; where they say a certain lame Hephaestus, a smith, serves them; and that Zeus not only marries his own sister Hera, but also performs unspeakable acts with her through an impure mouth? And his other deeds, as many as the poets sing, you likely know. Why should I go on to list the tales about Poseidon and Apollo or Dionysus and Heracles, Athena the lover of song and Aphrodite the shameless, since we have composed a more accurate account of them in another work? For we would not have needed to refute these things, except that I see you now doubting the word of truth. For being wise, you gladly put up with fools; otherwise you would not have been moved to be led astray by the empty words of foolish men and to be persuaded by a preconceived rumor from godless mouths falsely slandering us, who are called god-fearing and Christians, saying that our wives are common to all and that we live in indiscriminate intercourse, and moreover that we even have intercourse with our own sisters, and, the most godless and savage thing of all, that we partake of human flesh. But they also say that our doctrine is of recent origin, and that we have nothing to say for the demonstration of our truth and teaching, and that our doctrine is foolishness. Therefore I am most amazed at you, who in other matters are diligent and an investigator of all things, yet you listen to us rather carelessly. For if it is possible for you, you do not hesitate to spend time even at night in libraries. Since, then, you have read many things, what did you think of the teachings of Zeno or Diogenes and Cleanthes, whatever their books contain, teaching cannibalism, that fathers are to be boiled and eaten by their own children, and if anyone were unwilling or were to cast away a portion of the abominable food, that he who did not eat should himself be eaten? In addition to these, a more godless saying is found, that of Diogenes, teaching children to lead their own parents to sacrifice and to eat them. What then? Does not also Herodotus the historian relate that Cambyses slaughtered and boiled the children of Harpagus and set them before their father for a meal? And further, he relates that among the Indians fathers are eaten by their own children. O the godless teaching of those who wrote, or rather taught, such things, O their impiety and godlessness, O the mind of those who philosophized so precisely and profess philosophy! For those who laid down these doctrines filled the world with impiety. For concerning lawless action, almost all who are wandering about the chorus of philosophy are in agreement. And first Plato, who seems to have philosophized more respectably among them, expressly in the first book entitled the Republic, in a way legislates that the wives of all should be common, using as an example that of Zeus and the lawgiver of the Cretans, so that by a pretext

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δεῖπνα μιαρὰ τοῖς θεοῖς ἑτοιμάζειν· ἔνθα καὶ χωλὸν Ἥφαιστόν τινα χαλκέα φασὶν διακονεῖν αὐτοῖς· τήν τε Ἥραν ἰδίαν ἀδελφὴν αὐτοῦ μὴ μόνον τὸν ∆ία γαμεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ στόματος ἀνάγνου ἀρρητο- ποιεῖν; τάς τε λοιπὰς περὶ αὐτοῦ πράξεις, ὁπόσας ᾄδουσιν οἱ ποιηταί, εἰκὸς ἐπίστασαι. τί μοι λοιπὸν καταλέγειν τὰ περὶ Ποσει- δῶνος καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ ∆ιονύσου καὶ Ἡρακλέους, Ἀθηνᾶς τῆς φιλομόλπου καὶ Ἀφροδίτης τῆς ἀναισχύντου, ἀκριβέστερον πεποιη- κότων ἡμῶν ἐν ἑτέρῳ τὸν περὶ αὐτῶν λόγον; Oὐδὲ γὰρ ἐχρῆν ἡμᾶς ταῦτα ἀνασκευάζειν, εἰ μὴ ὅτι σε θεωρῶ νυνὶ διστάζοντα περὶ τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας. φρόνιμος γὰρ ὢν ἡδέως μωρῶν ἀνέχῃ· ἐπεί τοι οὐκ ἂν ἐκινήθης ὑπὸ ἀνοήτων ἀνθρώπων κενοῖς λόγοις ἀπάγεσθαι καὶ φήμῃ πείθεσθαι προκατε- σχηκυίῃ, στομάτων ἀθέων ψευδῶς συκοφαντούντων ἡμᾶς, τοὺς θεοσεβεῖς καὶ χριστιανοὺς καλουμένους, φασκόντων ὡς κοινὰς ἁπάν- των οὔσας τὰς γυναῖκας ἡμῶν καὶ ἀδιαφόρῳ μίξει ζῶντας, ἔτι μὴν καὶ ταῖς ἰδίαις ἀδελφαῖς συμμίγνυσθαι, καί, τὸ ἀθεώτατον καὶ ὠμότατον πάντων, σαρκῶν ἀνθρωπίνων ἐφάπτεσθαι ἡμᾶς. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς προσφάτου ὁδεύοντος τοῦ καθ' ἡμᾶς λόγου, καὶ μηδὲν ἔχειν ἡμᾶς λέγειν εἰς ἀπόδειξιν ἀληθείας τῆς καθ' ἡμᾶς καὶ διδασκαλίας, μωρίαν δὲ εἶναι τὸν λόγον ἡμῶν φασιν. ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν θαυμάζω μάλιστα ἐπὶ σοί, ὃς ἐν μὲν τοῖς λοιποῖς γενόμενος σπουδαῖος καὶ ἐκζητητὴς ἁπάντων πραγμάτων, ἀμελέστερον ἡμῶν ἀκούεις. εἰ γάρ σοι δυνατόν, καὶ νύκτωρ οὐκ ὤκνεις διατρίβειν ἐν βιβλιοθήκαις. Ἐπειδὴ οὖν πολλὰ ἀνέγνως, τί σοι ἔδοξεν τὰ Ζήνωνος ἢ τὰ ∆ιογένους καὶ Κλεάνθους ὁπόσα περιέχουσιν αἱ βίβλοι αὐτῶν, διδάσκουσαι ἀνθρωποβορίας, πατέρας μὲν ὑπὸ ἰδίων τέκνων ἕψεσθαι καὶ βιβρώσκεσθαι, καὶ εἴ τις οὐ βούλοιτο ἢ μέλος τι τῆς μυσερᾶς τροφῆς ἀπορρίψειεν, αὐτὸν κατεσθίεσθαι τὸν μὴ φαγόντα; πρὸς τούτοις ἀθεωτέρα τις φωνὴ εὑρίσκεται, ἡ τοῦ ∆ιογένους, διδάσκοντος τὰ τέκνα τοὺς ἑαυτῶν γονεῖς εἰς θυσίαν ἄγειν καὶ τούτους κατεσθίειν. τί δ'; οὐχὶ καὶ Ἡρόδοτος ὁ ἱστοριογράφος μυθεύει τὸν Καμβύσην τὰ τοῦ Ἁρπάγου τέκνα σφάξαντα καὶ ἑψήσαντα παρατεθεικέναι τῷ πατρὶ βοράν; ἔτι δὲ καὶ παρὰ Ἰνδοῖς μυθεύει κατεσθίεσθαι τοὺς πατέρας ὑπὸ τῶν ἰδίων τέκνων. Ὢ τῆς ἀθέου διδασκαλίας τῶν τὰ τοιαῦτα ἀναγραψάντων μᾶλλον δὲ διδαξάντων, ὢ τῆς ἀσεβείας καὶ ἀθεότητος αὐτῶν, ὢ τῆς διανοίας τῶν οὕτως ἀκριβῶς φιλοσοφησάντων καὶ φιλοσοφίαν ἐπαγγελ- λομένων! οἱ γὰρ ταῦτα δογματίσαντες τὸν κόσμον ἀσεβείας ἐνέ- πλησαν. Καὶ γὰρ περὶ ἀθέσμου πράξεως σχεδὸν πᾶσιν συμπεφώνηκεν τοῖς περὶ τὸν χορὸν τῆς φιλοσοφίας πεπλανημένοις. καὶ πρῶτός γε Πλάτων, ὁ δοκῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς σεμνότερον πεφιλοσοφηκέναι, διαρρήδην ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ βίβλῳ τῶν πολιτειῶν ἐπιγραφομένῃ, τρόπῳ τινὶ νομοθετεῖ χρῆν εἶναι κοινὰς ἁπάντων τὰς γυναῖκας, χρώμενος παρα- δείγματι τῷ ∆ιὸς καὶ Κρητῶν νομοθέτῃ, ὅπως διὰ προφάσεως