of the blessed David he accused, saying: "But you, a man of one soul, who together with me shared sweet morsels." And again: "He who eats my bread has lifted his heel against me." John made this clearer; for he said that the Lord had said, that "It is he to whom I, after I have dipped it, will give the morsel." 288 Mt 26, 24 Not as if something, whether good or bad, perhaps exists for those who have not yet come into being and are outside of sensation (for it is utterly foolish to think so), but that for those who are about to fall into all misery, if they were to be brought into being by God, non-existence is surely much and incomparably better. 289 Mt 26, 26-28 The Lord gives thanks, having taken the cup, that is, in the form of a prayer He converses with God the Father, showing Him as a partner, as it were, and one who approves of the life-giving blessing to be given to us, while at the same time also giving us a type, to first give thanks and then to break the bread and distribute it. Wherefore we also, placing the aforesaid things before the eyes of God, earnestly pray that they be transformed into a spiritual blessing for us, so that by partaking of them we may be sanctified bodily and spiritually. But He spoke demonstratively, "this is my body" and "this is my blood," so that you might not think that what appears is a type, but that through some ineffable energy of the all-powerful God, the things offered are truly transformed into the body and blood of Christ, by partaking of which we receive the life-giving and sanctifying power of Christ; for it was necessary for Him to be divinely mingled with us through the Holy Spirit, just as with our bodies through His holy flesh and precious blood. Which indeed we have for a life-giving blessing, as in bread and wine, so that we might not be stupefied, seeing flesh and blood set forth on the holy tables of the churches; for God, condescending to our weaknesses, sends into the elements set forth the power of life and transfers them to the efficacy of His own life. And do not doubt that this is true, since He Himself clearly says "this is my body" and "this is my blood," but rather receive the Savior's word with faith; for being the Truth, He does not lie. 290 Mt 26, 26- 28 After Judas had departed, the Savior delivered the saving mystery to the eleven; for since Christ, having risen, was a little later about to ascend with His own flesh to the Father, so that we might have the presence of His body—for without the presence of Christ it is impossible for man to be saved and freed from death and sin, if Life is not with us—He therefore gave us His own body and blood, so that through them the power of corruption might be destroyed, and He might dwell in our souls through the Holy Spirit, and we might become partakers of sanctification and be named heavenly and spiritual men. Since after the resurrection Christ was about to be taken up to the Father with His body, for this reason He has given us His own body and blood, so that His flesh and blood, dwelling in us, might make us holy and partakers of immortality. 291 Mt 26, 29 Until I drink it new in the kingdom; the drinking of wine not only satisfies a need, but also brings all manner of pleasure to the senses. But after the resurrection from the dead, when the corruption of human bodies has been shaken off, the very nature of things will also be changed to newness, so that our joy itself will also be new. The mixture of wine is a symbol of sober-mindedness, which He also says will become new; and He does not say that the drink itself will be entirely new, but what comes from it, that is, the joy; for after the resurrection, human nature will depart from its accustomed and earthly delight, and it will pass over to a newness of delight of Him, that is, of Christ our Savior of all. the innate and proper joy to the
μακαρίου ∆αβὶδ ᾐτιᾶτο λέγων· "σὺ δέ, ἄνθρωπε ἰσό ψυχε, ὃς ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἐγλύκανάς μοι ἐδέσματα". καὶ πάλιν· "ὁ ἐσθίων ἄρτους μου, ἐμεγάλυνεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ πτερνισμόν". αὐτὸ δὲ τοῦτο σαφέστερον ὁ Ἰωάννης ἐποίησεν· ἔφη γὰρ εἰρηκέναι τὸν κύριον, ὅτι "ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν, ᾧ ἐγὼ βάψας δώσω τὸ ψωμίον". 288 Mt 26, 24 Οὐχ ὡς ὄντος τινὸς ἢ ἀγαθοῦ ἢ φαύλου τυχὸν τοῖς οὔπω γενο μένοις ἔξω αἰσθήσεως οὖσιν (ἔτι κομιδῇ εὔηθες τὸ οὕτω νοεῖν), ἀλλ' ὅτι τοῖς μέλλουσιν ἀθλιότητος ἁπάσης εἴσω πεσεῖν, εἰ πρὸς τὸ εἶναι ἐμπαρενεχθεῖεν ὑπὸ θεοῦ, πολὺ δήπου καὶ ἀσυγκρίτως ἀμείνων ἡ ἀνυπαρξία. 289 Mt 26, 26-28 Εὐχαριστεῖ ὁ κύριος λαβὼν τὸ ποτήριον, τοῦτ' ἔστιν ἐν σχήματι προσευχῆς διαλέγεται τῷ θεῷ καὶ πατρὶ κοινωνὸν ὥσπερ αὐτὸν καὶ συνευδοκητὴν ἀποφαίνων τῆς δοθησομένης ζωοποιοῦ εὐλογίας ἡμῖν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ ἡμῖν τύπον διδοὺς πρῶτον εὐχαριστεῖν καὶ οὕτω κλᾶν τὸν ἄρτον καὶ διαδιδόναι. διὸ καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐπ' ὄψεσι θεοῦ τὰ προειρημένα τιθέντες δεόμεθα ἐκτενῶς εἰς εὐλογίαν ἡμῖν μεταπλασθῆναι τὴν πνευμα τικήν, ἵνα μετασχόντες αὐτῶν ἁγιασθῶμεν σωματικῶς καὶ πνευματικῶς. δεικτικῶς δὲ εἶπε τοῦτό μού ἐστιν σῶμα καὶ τοῦτό μού ἐστιν τὸ αἷμα, ἵνα μὴ νομίσῃς τύπον εἶναι τὰ φαινόμενα, ἀλλὰ διά τινος ἀρρή του ἐνεργείας τοῦ πάντα ἰσχύοντος θεοῦ μεταποιεῖσθαι εἰς σῶμα καὶ αἷμα Χριστοῦ κατὰ τὸ ἀληθὲς τὰ παρενηνεγμένα, ὧν μετασχόντες τὴν ζωοποιὸν καὶ ἁγιαστικὴν δύναμιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰσδεχόμεθα· ἔδει γὰρ αὐτὸν διὰ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος ἐν ἡμῖν θεοπρεπῶς συνανακίρνασθαι ὥσπερ τοῖς ἡμετέροις σώμασι διὰ τῆς ἁγίας σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ τι μίου αἵματος. ἃ δὴ καὶ ἐσχήκαμεν εἰς εὐλογίαν ζωοποιὸν ὡς ἐν ἄρτῳ τε καὶ οἴνῳ, ἵνα μὴ ἀποναρκήσωμεν σάρκα τε καὶ αἷμα προκείμενα βλέποντες ἐν ἁγίαις τραπέζαις ἐκκλησιῶν· συγκαθιστάμενος γὰρ ὁ θεὸς ταῖς ἡμετέραις ἀσθενείαις ἐνίησι τοῖς προκειμένοις δύναμιν ζωῆς καὶ μεθίστησιν αὐτὰ πρὸς ἐνέργειαν τῆς ἑαυτοῦ ζωῆς. καὶ μὴ ἀμφιβάλῃς, ὅτι τοῦτό ἐστιν ἀληθὲς αὐτοῦ λέγοντος ἐναργῶς τοῦτό μού ἐστιν τὸ σῶμα καὶ τοῦτό μού ἐστιν τὸ αἷμα, δέχου δὲ μᾶλλον πίστει τοῦ σωτῆρος τὸν λόγον· ἀλήθεια γὰρ ὢν οὐ ψεύδεται. 290 Mt 26, 26- 28 Μετὰ τὸ ἐξελθεῖν τὸν Ἰούδαν παραδίδωσιν ὁ σωτὴρ τοῖς ἕνδεκα τὸ σωτηριῶδες μυστήριον· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ μικρὸν ὕστερον ἔμελλεν ὁ Χρι στὸς ἀναστὰς μετὰ τῆς ἰδίας σαρ κὸς ἀναφοιτῆσαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα, ἵνα τὴν τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ παρ ουσίαν ἔχωμεν- ἄνευ γὰρ τῆς παρουσίας τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀδύνατον σωθῆναι ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἀπαλλα γῆναι θανάτου καὶ ἁμαρτίας μὴ συν ούσης ἡμῖν τῆς ζωῆς-ἔδωκεν οὖν ἡμῖν τὸ ἴδιον σῶμά τε καὶ αἷμα, ἵνα δι' αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ τῆς φθορᾶς καταλύηται κράτος, ἐνοικίζηται δὲ ταῖς ἡμετέραις ψυχαῖς διὰ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος, καὶ γενώμεθα ἁγιασμοῦ μέτοχοι καὶ οὐράνιοι ἄν θρωποι καὶ πνευματικοὶ χρημα τίσωμεν. Ἐπειδὴ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἔμελλεν ὁ Χριστὸς ἀναληφθῆναι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μετὰ σώματος, διὰ τοῦτο δέδωκεν ἡμῖν τὸ ἴδιον σῶμά τε καὶ αἷμα, ἵνα ἐνοικιζομένη ἐν ἡμῖν ἡ αὐτοῦ σὰρξ καὶ τὸ αἷμα ποιήσῃ ἡμᾶς ἁγίους καὶ τῆς ἀθανα σίας μετόχους. 291 Mt 26, 29 Ἕως αὐτὸ πίνω καινὸν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ· τοῦ οἴνου πόσις οὐ χρείαν ἀποπληροῖ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πανποικίλην ἡδονὴν τῇ αἰσθήσει προσφέρει. μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν ἀποτιναχθείσης τῆς φθορᾶς τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων σωμάτων καὶ αὐτὴ τῶν πραγμάτων ἡ φύσις πρὸς καινότητα μετοισθήσεται, ὥστε καὶ αὐτὴν ἡμῶν τὴν εὐφροσύνην εἶναι καινήν. σωφροσύνης δὲ σύμβολον τὸ ἐξ οἴνου κρᾶμα, ὃ καὶ γενήσεσθαί φησιν καινόν· καὶ οὔτι που πάντως τὸ πόμα φησὶν ἔσεσθαι καινόν, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐξ αὐτοῦ συμβαῖνον, τοῦτ' ἔστιν τὴν εὐφροσύνην· ἀναχωρήσει γὰρ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἡ ἀνθρώπου φύσις τῆς αὐτοῦ συνήθους καὶ γηΐνης τέρψεως, μεταχωρήσει δὲ πρὸς καινότητα τρυφῆς αὐτοῦ δηλον ότι τοῦ πάντων σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Χριστοῦ. τὴν ἔμφυτον καὶ ἰδίαν εὐφρο σύνην ταῖς