they conceived a thought against God”; for he offers the sacrifice concerning things of which it is doubted whether a sin has been committed, and this even when they had not reached the lips. 29.1 “And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one”; but the phrase “but deliver us from the evil one” is passed over in silence in Luke. If the Savior does not command us to pray for impossible things, it seems to me worthy of investigation how we are commanded, since the whole life of men on earth is a trial, to pray not to enter “into temptation.” For inasmuch as we are on earth, clothed in the flesh which wars “against the spirit,” whose “mind” is “enmity” “against God,” being in no way able to be subject “to the law of God,” we are in temptation. 29.2 And that the whole human “life” “on earth” is a “trial,” we have learned from Job through these words: “Is not the life of men on earth a trial?” and from the seventeenth psalm the same thing is shown in the words: “in you I shall be delivered from trial.” But also Paul, writing to the Corinthians, says that God grants not that one not be tempted, but that one not be tempted beyond one's ability, saying: “No temptation has overtaken you except what is human; but God is faithful, <who> will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will also make the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.” For whether “the struggle” “is” “against” the flesh which desires or wars “against the spirit,” or against the soul “of all flesh” (which is homonymous with the body in which the ruling principle, which is called the heart, dwells), such as is “the struggle” for those who are tempted by human temptations, or whether, as for those who have advanced and are more perfect athletes, who no longer wrestle “against flesh and blood” nor are tested in human temptations, which they have already trodden down, our contests are “against the principalities and the powers and the world-rulers of this darkness and the spiritual forces of wickedness,” we are not freed from being tempted. 29.3 How then does the Savior command us to pray not to enter “into temptation,” when God in a way tempts all? “Remember,” says Judith—[if] not only to the elders of that time but also to all who encounter her scripture—, “all that he did with Abraham, and all that he tested Isaac with, and all that happened to Jacob in Mesopotamia of Syria, while he was shepherding the flocks of Laban the brother of his mother; for not as he tested them with fire for the proving of their heart, does he also take vengeance on us; for the Lord scourges those who draw near to him, for a warning.” And as a universal statement concerning all the righteous, David on the one hand says: “Many are the afflictions of the righteous,” and the apostle on the other hand in Acts: “that through many tribulations we must enter the kingdom of God.” 29.4 And if we do not understand what escapes the notice of the many concerning praying not to enter “into temptation,” it is time to say that the apostles, when they prayed, were not heard, having suffered countless things in all their time, “in labors more abundantly, in stripes more abundantly, in prisons exceedingly, in deaths often,” and Paul for his part received “from the Jews five times forty lashes save one,” “three times” he was beaten with rods, “once” he was stoned, “three times” he was shipwrecked, “a night and a day” he spent “in the deep,” a man afflicted “in every way” and perplexed and persecuted and struck down, and confessing this: “To the present hour we both hunger and thirst, and we are poorly clothed, and are buffeted, and have no certain dwelling place, and we labor, working with our own hands. Being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we endure; being defamed, we entreat.” And when the apostles did not obtain what they prayed for, what hope is there for anyone inferior to them who prays to obtain a hearing from God? 29.5 But that in the twenty-fifth psalm: “Examine me, O Lord, and test me; try my reins and my heart” one of those who do not precisely understand what the will of the Savior's command is, would reasonably suppose to have been made contrary
ἐνενόησαν πρὸς θεόν»· περὶ γὰρ δισταζομένων εἰ ἡμάρ τηται, καὶ ταῦτα οὐδὲ μέχρι τῶν χειλέων ἐφθακότων, ἀναφέρει τὴν θυσίαν. 29.1 «0Καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμὸν, ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ»· τὸ δὲ «ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ20» παρὰ τῷ Λουκᾷ σεσιώπηται. εἰ μὴ ἀδύνατα προσ τάττει ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμᾶς εὔχεσθαι, ζητήσεώς μοι ἄξιον φαίνεται, πῶς κελευόμεθα, παντὸς τοῦ ἐπὶ γῆς ἀνθρώπων βίου πειρατηρίου ὄντος, προσεύχεσθαι μὴ εἰσελθεῖν «0εἰς πειρασμόν20.» ᾗ γάρ ἐσμεν ἐπὶ γῆς περικείμενοι τὴν στρατευομένην σάρκα «κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος,» ἧς «τὸ φρόνημα» «ἔχθρα» ἐστὶν «εἰς θεὸν,» μηδαμῶς δυναμένης ὑποτάσσεσ θαι «τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ,» ἐν 20πειρασμῷ20 ἐσμεν. 29.2 ὅτι δὲ «πειρατήριον» πᾶς «ὁ» «ἐπὶ γῆς» ἀνθρώπινος «βίος,» ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰὼβ μεμαθήκαμεν διὰ τούτων· «πότερον οὐχὶ πειρατήριόν ἐστιν ὁ βίος τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπὶ γῆς;» καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἑπτακαιδεκάτου ψαλμοῦ τὸ αὐτὸ δηλοῦται ἐν τῷ· «ἐν σοὶ ῥυσθήσομαι ἀπὸ πειρατηρίου.» ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ Παῦλος Κορινθίοις γράφων οὐχὶ τὸ μὴ πειράζεσθαι ἀλλὰ τὸ μὴ παρὰ δύναμιν πειράζεσθαί φησι χαρίζεσθαι τὸν θεὸν, λέγων· «0πειρασμὸς20 ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος· πιστὸς δὲ ὁ θεὸς, <ὃς> οὐκ ἐάσει ὑμᾶς πειρασθῆναι ὑπὲρ ὃ δύνασθε, ἀλλὰ ποιήσει σὺν τῷ 20πειρασμῷ20 καὶ τὴν ἔκβασιν τοῦ δύνασθαι ὑπενεγκεῖν.» εἴτε γὰρ «ἡ πάλη» «ἐστὶ» «πρὸς» τὴν ἐπιθυμοῦσαν ἢ στρατευομένην «κατὰ τοῦ πνεύ ματος» «σάρκα» ἢ πρὸς τὴν ψυχὴν «πάσης σαρκὸς» (ἥτις ἐστὶν ὁμωνύ μως ᾧ ἐγκατοικεῖ σώματι τὸ ἡγεμονικὸν, ὃ καλεῖται καρδία), ὁποία ἐστὶν «ἡ πάλη» τοῖς τοὺς ἀνθρωπίνους πειραζομένοις 20πειρασμοὺς20, εἴτε ὡς διαβεβηκόσι καὶ τελεωτέροις ἀθληταῖς, οὐκέτι «πρὸς αἷμα καὶ σάρκα» παλαίουσιν οὐδὲ ἐν τοῖς ἀνθρωπίνοις 20πειρασμοῖς20 ἐξεταζομέ νοις, οὓς καταπεπατήκασιν ἤδη, «πρὸς τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας καὶ τοὺς κοσμοκράτορας τοῦ σκότους τούτου καὶ τὰ πνευματικὰ τῆς πονη ρίας» ἐστὶν ἡμῖν τὰ ἀγωνίσματα, τοῦ πειράζεσθαι οὐκ ἀπηλλάγμεθα. 29.3 πῶς οὖν κελεύει ἡμᾶς ὁ σωτὴρ εὔχεσθαι μὴ εἰσελθεῖν «0εἰς πειρασμὸν20,» πειράζοντός πως πάντας τοῦ θεοῦ; «μνήσθητε» γὰρ, φησὶν ἡ Ἰουδαία [εἰ] οὐ πρὸς τοὺς τότε πρεσβυτέρους μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς πάντας τοὺς ἐντυγχάνοντας αὐτῆς τῇ γραφῇ, «ὅσα ἐποίησε μετὰ Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ ὅσα ἐπείρασε τὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ ὅσα ἐγένετο τῷ Ἰακὼβἐν Μεσοποταμίᾳ τῆς Συρίας, ποιμαίνοντι Λάβαν τὰ πρόβατα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ· οὐ γὰρ καθὼς ἐκείνους ἐπύρωσεν εἰς ἐτασμὸν καρδίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδικεῖ ὁ εἰς νουθέτησιν μαστιγῶν κύριος τοὺς ἐγγίζοντας αὐτῷ.» καὶ ὡς καθολικὸν δὲ ἀποφαίνεται περὶ πάντων δικαίων ὁ μὲν ∆αυῒδ λέγων· «πολλαὶ αἱ θλίψεις τῶν δικαίων,» ὁ δὲ ἀπόστολος ἐν ταῖς Πράξεσιν· «ὅτι διὰ πολλῶν θλίψεων δεῖ ἡμᾶς εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ.» 29.4 καὶ ἐὰν μὴ συνῶμεν τὸ τοὺς πολλοὺς λανθάνον περὶ τοῦ μὴ εἰσελθεῖν «0εἰς πειρασμὸν20» προσεύχεσθαι, ὥρα λέγειν ὅτι οἱ ἀπόσ τολοι εὐχόμενοι οὐκ ἐπηκούοντο, μυρία ὅσα ἐν παντὶ τῷ χρόνῳ ἑαυτῶν πεπονθότες, «ἐν κόποις περισσοτέρως ἐν πληγαῖς περισσοτέ ρως ἐν φυλακαῖς ὑπερβαλλόντως ἐν θανάτοις πολλάκις,» ὁ δὲ Παῦ λος ἰδίᾳ «ὑπὸ Ἰουδαίων πεντάκις τεσσαράκοντα παρὰ μίαν» εἴληφε, «τρὶς» ἐῤῥαβδίσθη, «ἅπαξ» ἐλιθάσθη, «τρὶς» ἐναυάγησε, «νυχθήμερον ἐν τῷ βυθῷ» πεποίηκεν, ἄνθρωπος «ἐν παντὶ» θλιβόμενος καὶ ἀπο ρούμενος καὶ διωκόμενος καὶ καταβαλλόμενος ὁμολογῶν τε τό· «ἄχρι τῆς ἄρτι ὥρας πεινῶμεν καὶ διψῶμεν καὶ γυμνητεύομεν καὶ κολαφιζόμεθα καὶ ἀστατοῦμεν καὶ κοπιῶμεν ἐργαζόμενοι ταῖς ἰδίαις χερσί· λοιδορούμενοι εὐλογοῦμεν, διωκόμενοι ἀνεχόμεθα, βλασφημού μενοι παρακαλοῦμεν.» τῶν δὲ ἀποστόλων ἐν τῷ εὔχεσθαι μὴ ἐπιτε τευχότων, τίς ἐλπὶς τῶν ὑποδεεστέρων τινὶ παρ' ἐκείνους εὐχομένῳ ἐπηκόου θεοῦ τυχεῖν; 29.5 τὸ δὲ ἐν τῷ εἰκοστῷ πέμπτῳ ψαλμῷ· «δοκίμασόν με, κύριε, καὶ πείρασόν με, πύρωσον τοὺς νεφρούς μου καὶ τὴν καρδίαν μου» εὐλόγως τις ὑπολήψεται τῶν μὴ ἀκριβούντων, τί τὸ βούλημα τῆς προστάξεως τοῦ σωτῆρος, ἐναντίως γεγονέναι