in Jerusalem for the sake of a vow, bishops and monks and virgins, at their own expense they edified all whom they met, and they healed the schism of Paulinus, comprising some four hundred monks, and having persuaded every Pneumatomachian heretic, they brought them into the church, honoring the local clergy with gifts and food, thus they continued, giving offense to no one. 47 .tOn Chronius and Paphnutius 47.1 A certain man named Chronius from the village called Phoenice, having measured out from his own village, which was near the desert, fifteen thousand steps counted by his right foot, prayed there and dug a well; and finding most excellent water seven fathoms deep, he built himself a small cell there. And from the day he installed himself in the monastery he prayed to God never again to return to an inhabited place. 47.2 After a few years had passed, he was deemed worthy of the presbyterate, as a brotherhood of about two hundred men had gathered around him. This then is told of the virtue of his asceticism, that for sixty years he served at the altar as a priest and did not leave the desert, nor did he eat bread except from the work of his own hands. With him lived a certain Jacob from the neighborhood, surnamed the lame, most knowledgeable to the highest degree. Both were acquaintances of the blessed Antony. 47.3 One day, when Paphnutius, who was called Cephala, also came, who had the gift of knowledge of the divine scriptures of the Old and New Testament, interpreting all of it without having read the writings, he was so meek as to conceal his prophetic virtue; of whom it is said that for eighty years he did not have two tunics at once. Having met these men, I and the blessed Evagrius and Albanius sought to learn the causes of the brothers who transgress or even fall away or are tripped up in their proper life. 47.4 For it happened in those days that Chaeremon the ascetic died while seated and was found dead in his chair, holding his work in his hands. And it also happened that another brother, while digging a well, was buried by the well; and another coming down from Scetis died from lack of water; among whom were also the cases of Stephen who fell into shameful profligacy, and Eucarpius, and the case of Heron the Alexandrian, and Valens the Palestinian, and Ptolemy the Egyptian in Scetis. 47.5 We therefore asked what was the cause that men living thus in the desert, some were deceived in their minds, while others were broken by licentiousness. Paphnutius the most knowledgeable gave us this answer: "All things that happen are divided into two, both into God's good pleasure and his permission. Therefore, whatever happens according to virtue for the glory of God, these things happen by God's good pleasure; but whatever in turn is harmful and dangerous and circumstantial and leads to a fall, these things happen by God's permission. 47.6 And the permission comes from a reason; for it is impossible for one who thinks rightly and lives rightly to fall into shameful stumbles or the deceit of demons. Therefore, all those who seem to pursue virtue with a corrupt purpose, with the disease of pleasing men and with audacity of thoughts, these also fall into errors, God abandoning them for their own good, so that by the abandonment, perceiving the change from their transformation, they may correct either their intention or their action. 47.7 For sometimes the intention errs, when it is done with a bad purpose; and sometimes also the action, when it is done corruptly or not in the way it should be. This often happens, that even the licentious man gives alms with a corrupt purpose to younger women for a shameful end, but the action is reasonable in giving aid to one as an orphan and alone and an ascetic. And it also happens that one gives alms with a right purpose to the sick or the aged or those who have fallen from wealth, but sparingly and with grumbling, and so the purpose is right, but the action is unworthy of the purpose; for the merciful man must show mercy with cheerfulness and generosity." 47.8 And they also said this, that "There are advantages in
Ἱεροσολύμοις εὐχῆς ἕνεκεν, ἐπισκόπους τε καὶ μονάζοντας καὶ παρθένους, οἰκείοις ἀναλώμασιν ᾠκοδόμησαν μὲν πάντας τοὺς παρατυγχάνοντας, ἥνωσαν δὲ τὸ σχίσμα τὸ κατὰ Παυλῖνον ὡς ἀνδρῶν τετρακοσίων μοναζόντων, καὶ πάντα αἱρετικὸν πνευματομάχον συμπείσαντες εἰσήγαγον εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, τιμῶντες τοὺς κατὰ τόπον κληρικοὺς δώροις καὶ τροφαῖς, οὕτω διετέλεσαν μηδένα σκανδαλίσαντες. 47 .tΠερὶ Χρονίου καὶ Παφνουτίου 47.1 Χρόνιός τις ὀνόματι ἐκ τῆς κώμης τῆς λεγομένης Φοινίκης, ἀπομετρήσας ἀπὸ τῆς ἰδίας κώμης πλησίον οὔσης τῆς ἐρήμου μύρια πεντακισχίλια βήματα τῷ δεξιῷ ποδὶ ἀριθμούμενα, ἐκεῖσε προσευξάμενος ὤρυξε φρέαρ· καὶ εὑρὼν κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἀπέχον ὀργυιὰς ἑπτὰ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἑαυτῷ ἐκεῖ ξενίαν μικράν. Καὶ ἀφ' ἧς ἡμέρας ἐνεθρόνισεν ἑαυτὸν τῇ μονῇ ηὔξατο τῷ θεῷ μὴ ἀνακάμψαι μηκέτι εἰς οἰκού μενον τόπον. 47.2 Παρελθόντων δὲ ὀλίγων ἐτῶν ἠξιώθη πρεσβυτερίου ἀδελφότητος περὶ αὐτὸν συναχθείσης ὡς ἀν δρῶν διακοσίων. Αὕτη οὖν αὐτοῦ φέρεται τῆς ἀσκήσεως ἡ ἀρετή, ὅτι ἑξήκοντα ἔτη παρεδρεύσας τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ ἱερατεύων οὐ τῆς ἐρήμου ἐξῆλθεν, οὐκ ἐκτὸς ἔργου ἰδίων χειρῶν βέβρωκεν ἄρτον. Τούτῳ συνῴκει Ἰακώβ τις ἐκ γειτόνων ὁ ἐπίκλην χωλός, γνωστικώτατος εἰς ἄκρον. Ἀμφότεροι δὲ γνώριμοι ἦσαν τοῦ μακαρίου Ἀντωνίου. 47.3 Μιᾶς οὖν τῶν ἡμερῶν συν δραμόντος καὶ Παφνουτίου τοῦ ἐπιλεγομένου Κεφαλᾶ, ὃς χάρισμα γνώσεως εἶχε τῶν θείων γραφῶν παλαιᾶς καὶ καινῆς διαθήκης, πᾶσαν αὐτὴν ἑρμηνεύων μὴ ἀναγνοὺς γρα φάς, πρᾶος δὲ ἦν ὡς καλύπτεσθαι προφητικὴν ἀρετήν· οὗ φέρεται ὅτι ὀγδοήκοντα ἔτη ὑφ' ἓν δύο χιτῶνας οὐκ ἔσχε. Τούτοις συντυχόντες ἐγώ τε καὶ οἱ μακάριοι Εὐά γριος καὶ Ἀλβάνιος ἐζητοῦμεν μαθεῖν τὰς αἰτίας τῶν παραπιπτόντων ἢ καὶ ἐκπιπτόντων ἀδελφῶν ἢ σφαλλομένων ἐν τῷ καθήκοντι βίῳ. 47.4 Συνέβη γὰρ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις καὶ Χαιρήμονα τὸν ἀσκητὴν καθεζόμενον τελευτῆσαι καὶ εὑρεθῆναι αὐτὸν νεκρὸν ἐν τῇ καθέδρᾳ κατέχοντα τὸ ἔργον εἰς τὰς χεῖρας. Συνέβη δὲ καὶ ἄλλον ἀδελφὸν ὀρύσσοντα φρέαρ καταχωσθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ φρέατος· καὶ ἄλλον ἀπὸ τῆς Σκήτεως κατερχόμενον ἀποθανεῖν ἀπὸ λείψεως ὕδατος· ἐν οἷς καὶ τὰ κατὰ Στέφανον τὸν ἐκπεσόντα εἰς αἰσχρὰν ἀσωτίαν, καὶ Εὐκάρπιον, καὶ τὰ κατὰ Ἥρωνα τὸν Ἀλεξανδρέα, καὶ τὰ κατὰ Οὐάλην τὸν Παλαιστῖνον, καὶ τὰ κατὰ Πτολεμαῖον τὸν ἐν τῇ Σκήτει Αἰγύπτιον. 47.5 Συνη ρωτῶμεν οὖν τίς ἡ αἰτία τοῦ οὕτω ζῶντας ἀνθρώπους ἐν τῇ ἐρημίᾳ τοὺς μὲν ἀπατηθῆναι τὴν φρένα τοὺς δὲ πε ριρραγῆναι ἀκολασίᾳ. Ταύτην οὖν ἡμῖν ἔδωκε τὴν ἀπό κρισιν Παφνούτιος ὁ γνωστικώτατος, ὅτιπερ "Πάντα τὰ γινόμενα διαιρεῖται εἰς δύο, εἴς τε εὐδοκίαν θεοῦ καὶ συγ χώρησιν. Ὅσα τοίνυν γίνεται κατὰ ἀρετὴν εἰς δόξαν θεοῦ, ταῦτα γίνεται εὐδοκίᾳ θεοῦ· ὅσα δ' αὖ πάλιν ἐπιζήμια καὶ ἐπικίνδυνα καὶ περιστατικὰ καὶ ἐκπτωτικά, ταῦτα γίνεται κατὰ θεοῦ συγχώρησιν. 47.6 Ἡ δὲ συγχώρησις ἐκ λόγου γίνεται· ἀδύνατον γὰρ τὸν ὀρθῶς φρονοῦντα καὶ ὀρθῶς βιοῦντα περιπεσεῖν πταίσμασιν αἰσχύνης ἢ πλάνης δαιμόνων. Ὅσοι τοίνυν διεφθαρμένῳ σκοπῷ νόσῳ ἀνθρωπαρεσκείας καὶ αὐθαδείᾳ λογισμῶν μετέρχεσθαι δοκοῦσι τὴν ἀρετήν, οὗτοι καὶ σφάλμασι περιπίπτουσι, θεοῦ πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον αὐτῶν ἐγκαταλιμπάνοντος αὐτούς, ἵνα διὰ τῆς ἐγκαταλεί ψεως αἰσθανόμενοι τὴν ἐκ τῆς μεταβολῆς ἀλλοίωσιν διορθώ σωνται ἢ τὴν πρόθεσιν ἢ τὴν πρᾶξιν. 47.7 Ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ ἡ πρόθεσις ἐξαμαρτάνει, ὅταν κακῷ σκοπῷ γένηται· ποτὲ δὲ καὶ ἡ πρᾶξις, ὅταν διεφθαρμένως ἢ καθ' ὃν δεῖ τρόπον μὴ γένηται. Ὅπερ συμβαίνει πολλάκις καὶ τὸν ἀκόλαστον διεφθαρμένῳ σκοπῷ ποιεῖν τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ἐπὶ νεωτέρας διὰ τέλος αἰσχρόν, πρᾶξιν δὲ εὔλογον τῷ ὡς ὀρφανῇ καὶ μόνῃ καὶ ἀσκουμένῃ διδόναι ἐπικουρίαν. Συμβαίνει δὲ καὶ σκοπῷ ὀρθῷ ποιεῖν ἐλεημοσύνην εἰς νοσοῦντας ἢ γεγηρακό τας ἢ ἐκπεπτωκότας πλούτου, φειδωλῶς δὲ καὶ μετὰ γογ γυσμοῦ, καὶ εἶναι τὸν μὲν σκοπὸν ὀρθόν, τὴν δὲ πρᾶξιν τοῦ σκοποῦ ἀναξίαν· δεῖ γὰρ τὸν ἐλεήμονα ἐν ἱλαρότητι ἐλεεῖν καὶ ἀφειδίᾳ". 47.8 Ἔλεγον δὲ καὶ τοῦτο ὅτι "Προ τερήματά εἰσιν ἐν