Homily XLI.

Matt. XII. 25, 26.

“And Jesus knew their thoughts, and said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself shall be brought to desolation; and every city or house divided against itself, shall not stand: and if Satan cast out Satan, he is divided against himself; how shall then his kingdom stand?”

Even before now they had accused Him of this, that “by Beelzebub He casteth out the devils.”1701   Matt. ix. 34. [“Demons,” and so throughout.—R.] But whereas then He did not rebuke them, allowing them both to know His power by His more numerous miracles, and by His teaching to learn His majesty: now, since they continued saying the same, He proceeds also to rebuke them, showing His Godhead by this first, that He made their secrets public; and secondly, by the very act of casting out the devils with ease.

And indeed the accusation too was very shameless. Because, as I have said, envy seeks not what to say, but only that it may say somewhat. Yet for all that, not even so did Christ despise them, but defends Himself with the forbearance proper to Him, teaching us to be meek to our enemies; and though they say such things, as we are neither conscious of, nor have they any the least probability, not to be disturbed, nor troubled, but with all long suffering to render them an account. This then He did most especially on that very occasion, affording the strongest proof, that the things were false that were said by them. For neither was it a demoniac’s part to exhibit so much meekness; it was not a demoniac’s part to know men’s secrets.

For, in truth, both because of the exceeding impudence of such a suspicion, and because of the fear of the multitude, they durst not publicly make these charges, but were turning them in their mind. But He, to show them that He knew all that likewise, doth not set down the accusation, nor doth He expose their wickedness; but the refutation He adds, leaving it to the conscience of them that had said it to convict them. For on one thing only was He bent, to do good to them that were sinning, not to expose them.

Yet surely, if He had been minded to extend his speech in length, and to make them ridiculous, and withal to have exacted of them also the most extreme penalty, there was nothing to hinder Him. Nevertheless He put aside all these things, and looked to one object only, not to render them more contentious, but more candid, and so to dispose them better toward amendment.

How then doth He plead with them? Not by allegation out of the Scriptures (for they would not so much as attend, but were sure rather to distort their meaning), but by the events of ordinary life. For “every kingdom,” saith He, “divided against itself shall not stand; and a city and a house, if it be divided, is soon dissolved.”1702   [Comp. ver se 25.]

For the wars from without are not so ruinous as the civil ones. Yea, and this is the case in bodies too; it is the case even in all things; but for this time He takes His illustration from those that are more publicly known.

And yet, what is there more powerful on earth than a kingdom? Nothing, but nevertheless it perishes if in dissension. And if in that case one throw the blame on the great burden of the affairs thereof, as breaking down by its own weight; what wouldest thou say of a city? and what of a house? Thus, whether it be a small thing, or a great, if at dissension with itself, it perishes. If then I, having a devil, do by him cast out the devils, there is dissension and fighting among devils, and they take their stand one against another. But if they stand one against another, their strength is wasted and destroyed. “For if Satan cast out Satan” (and He said not “the devils,” implying their great unanimity one with another), “he is then divided against himself;” so He speaks. But if he be divided, he is become weaker, and is ruined; and if he be ruined, how can he cast out another?

Seest thou how great the absurdity of the accusation, how great the folly, the inconsistency? Since it is not for the same persons to say first, that He stands, and casts out devils, and then to say, that He stands by that, which it was likely would be the cause of His undoing.

2. This then being the first refutation, the next after it is that which relates to the disciples. For not always in one way only, but also in a second and third, He solves their objections, being minded most abundantly to silence their shamelessness. Which sort of thing He did also with respect to the Sabbath, bringing forward David, the priests, the testimony that saith, “I will have mercy, and not sacrifice,” the cause of the Sabbath, for which it was ordained; “for the Sabbath,” saith He,” was for man.”1703   See Matt. xii. 3, 5, 7, and Mark ii. 27. This then He doth in the present case also: where after the first He proceeds to a second refutation, plainer than the former.

“For if I,” saith He, “by Beelzebub cast out devils, by whom do your sons cast them out?”1704   Matt. xii. 27.

See here too His gentleness. For He said not, “my disciples,” nor, “the apostles,” but “your sons;” to the end that if indeed they were minded to return to the same nobleness1705   εγνειαν, “hereditary good feeling.” [Comp. Acts xvii. 11.]with them, they might derive hence a powerful spring that way; but if they were uncandid, and continued in the same course, they might not thenceforth be able to allege any plea, though ever so shameless.

But what He saith is like this, “By whom do the apostles cast them out?” For in fact they were doing so already, because they had received authority from Him, and these men brought no charge against them; their quarrel not being with the acts, but with the person only. As then it was His will to show that their sayings arose only from their envy against Him, He brings forward the apostles; thus: If I so cast them out, much more those, who have received their authority from me. Nevertheless, no such thing have ye said to them. How then bring ye these charges against me, the author of their doings, while acquitting them of the accusations? This, however, will not free you from your punishment, rather it will condemn you the more. Therefore also He added, “They shall be your judges.” For when persons from among you, and having been practised in these things, both believe me and obey, it is most clear that they will also condemn those who are against me both in deed and word.

“But if I cast out devils by the Spirit of God, then the Kingdom of God is come unto you.”1706   Matt. xii. 28. [R.V., “upon you.”]

What means “the Kingdom”? “My coming.” See how again He conciliates and soothes them, and draws them to the knowledge of Himself, and signifies that they are warring with their own good, and contentious against their own salvation. “For whereas ye ought to rejoice,” saith He, “and leap for joy, that One is come bestowing those great and unutterable blessings, hymned of old by the prophets, and that the time of your prosperity is at hand; ye do the contrary; so far from receiving the blessings, you do even speak ill of them, and frame accusations that have no real being.”

Now Matthew indeed saith, “If I by the Spirit of God cast out”; but Luke, “If I by the finger of God cast out the devils:”1707   Luke xi. 20.implying that to cast out devils is a work of the greatest power, and not of any ordinary grace. And He means indeed that from these things they should infer and say, If this be so, then the Son of God is come. This, however, He saith not, but in a reserved way, and so as not to be galling to them, He darkly intimates it by saying, “Then the kingdom of God is come unto you.”

Seest thou exceeding wisdom? By the very things which they were blaming, He showed His presence shining forth.

Then, to conciliate them, He said not simply, “The Kingdom is come,” but, “unto you,”1708   [“upon you,” see note 4.]as though He had said, To you the good things are come; wherefore then feel displeased at your proper blessings? why war against your own salvation? This is that time, which the prophets long ago foretold: this, the sign of that advent which was celebrated by them, even these things being wrought by divine power. For the fact indeed, that they are wrought, yourselves know; but that they are wrought by divine power, the deeds themselves cry out. Yea, and it is impossible that Satan should be stronger now; rather he must of absolute necessity be weak. But it cannot be, that he who is weak should, as though he were strong, cast out the strong devil.

Now thus speaking He signified the power of charity, and the weakness of separation and contentiousness. Wherefore He was Himself also continually charging His disciples, on every occasion, concerning charity, and teaching them that the devil, to subvert it, leaves nothing undone.

3. Having then uttered His second refutation, He adds also a third, thus saying:

“How can one enter into the strong man’s house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man, and then spoil his goods?”1709   Matt. xii. 29. [The R.V and A.V. follow a different reading in the last clause.—R.]

For that Satan cannot possibly cast out Satan is evident from what hath been said; but that neither in any other way is it possible to cast him out, except one first get the better of him, this too is acknowledged by all.

What then is established hereby? The former statement, with more abundant evidence. “Why, I am so far,” saith He, “from using the devil as an ally, that I make war upon him, and bind him; and an infallible proof thereof is the plundering of his goods.” See how the contrary is proved, of what they were attempting to establish. For whereas they wished to show, that not by His own power doth He cast out devils, He shows that not only the devils, but even their very chief leader is held by Him bound with all authority; and that over him, before them, did He prevail by His own power. And this is evident from the things that are done. For if he be the prince, and they subjects, how, except he were worsted, and made to bow down, could they have been spoiled?

And here His saying seems to me to be a prophecy likewise. For not only, I suppose, are the evil spirits the goods of the devil, but also the men that are doing his works. Therefore to declare that He doth not only cast out devils, but also will drive away all error from the world, and will put down his sorceries, and make all his arts useless, He said these things.

And He said not, He will take away, but “He will spoil,” to express what is done with authority. But He calls him “strong,” not because he is so by nature, God forbid, but declaring his former tyranny, which arose from our remissness.

4. “He that is not with me is against me, and he that gathereth not with me scattereth abroad.”1710   Matt. xii. 30.

Behold also a fourth refutation. For what is my desire? saith He. To bring men to God, to teach virtue, to proclaim the kingdom. What, that of the devil, and the evil spirits? The contrary to these. How then should he that gathers not with me, nor is at all with me, be likely to co-operate with me? And why do I say co-operate? Nay, on the contrary, his desire is rather to scatter abroad my goods. He then who is so far from cooperating that he even scatters abroad, how should he have exhibited such unanimity with me, as with me to cast out the devils?

Now it is a natural surmise that He said this not of the devil only, but Himself also of Himself, as being for His part against the devil, and scattering abroad his goods. And how, one may say, is he that is not with me against me? By this very fact, of his not gathering. But if this be true, much more he that is against him. For if he that doth not co-operate is an enemy, much more he that wages war.

But all these things He saith, to indicate His enmity against the devil, how great and unspeakable it is. For tell me, if thou must go to war with any one, he that is not willing to fight on thy side, by this very fact is he not against thee? And if elsewhere He saith, “He that is not against you is for you,”1711   Mark ix. 40; Luke ix. 50. [In Mark “us” is better supported.—R.]it is not contrary to this. For here He signified one actually against them, but there He points to one who in part is on their side: “For they cast out devils,” it is said “in Thy name.”1712   Mark ix. 38 ; Luke ix. 49.

But to me He seems here to be hinting also at the Jews, setting them on the devil’s side. For they too were against Him, and were scattering what He gathered. As to the fact that He was hinting at them also, He declared it by speaking thus,

“Therefore I say unto you, that all manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men.”1713   Matt. xii. 31. [R.V. “every sin,” etc.]

5. Thus having defended Himself, and refuted their objection, and proved the vanity of their shameless dealings, He proceeds to alarm them. For this too is no small part of advice and correction, not only to plead and persuade, but to threaten also; which He doth in many passages, when making laws and giving counsel.

And though the saying seem to have much obscurity, yet if we attend, its solution will prove easy.

First then it were well to listen to the very words: “All manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men; but the blasphemy of the Holy Ghost shall not be forgiven unto them. And whosoever speaketh a word against the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven him; but whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, neither in the world to come.”1714   Matt. xii. 31, 32. [The Greek text is almost identical with that followed in the R.V.—R.]

What now is it that He affirms? Many things have ye spoken against me; that I am a deceiver, an adversary of God. These things I forgive you on your repentance, and exact no penalty of you; but blasphemy against the Spirit shall not be forgiven, no, not to those who repent. And how can this be right? For even this was forgiven upon repentance. Many at least of those who said these words believed afterward, and all was forgiven them. What is it then that He saith? That this sin is above all things unpardonable. Why so? Because Himself indeed they knew not, who He might be, but of the Spirit they received ample experience. For the prophets also by the Spirit said whatever they said; and indeed all in the Old Testament had a very high notion of Him.

What He saith, then, is this: Be it so: ye are offended at me, because of the flesh with which I am encompassed: can ye say of the Spirit also, We know it not? And therefore is your blasphemy unpardonable, and both here and hereafter shall ye suffer punishment. For many indeed have been punished here only (as he who had committed fornication,1715   See 1 Cor. v. and vi.as they who partook unworthily of the mysteries,1716   See 1 Cor. v. and vi.amongst the Corinthians); but ye, both here and hereafter.

Now as to your blasphemies against me, before the cross, I forgive them: and the daring crime too of the cross itself; neither shall ye be condemned for your unbelief alone. (For neither had they, that believed before the cross, perfect faith. And on many occasions He even charges them to make Him known to no man before the Passion; and on the cross He said that this sin was forgiven them.) But as to your words touching the Spirit, they will have no excuse. For in proof that He is speaking of what was said of Him before the crucifixion, He added, “Whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven him; but whosoever shall speak against the Holy Ghost,” there is no more forgiveness. Wherefore? Because this is known to you; and the truths are notorious which you harden yourselves against. For though ye say that ye know not me; yet of this surely ye are not ignorant, that to cast out devils, and to do cures, is a work of the Holy Ghost. It is not then I only whom ye are insulting, but the Holy Ghost also. Wherefore your punishment can be averted by no prayers, neither here nor there.

For so of men, some are punished both here, and there, some here only, some there only, others neither here nor there. Here and there, as these very men (for both here did they pay a penalty, when they suffered those incurable ills at the taking of their city, and there shall they undergo a very grievous one), as the inhabitants of Sodom; as many others. There only, as the rich man who endured the flames,1717   ἀποτηγανιζμενο, “was broiling.”and had not at his command so much as a drop of water. Here, as he that had committed fornication amongst the Corinthians. Neither here nor there, as the apostles, as the prophets, as the blessed Job; for their sufferings were not surely in the way of punishment, but as contests and wrestlings.

Let us labor, therefore, to be of the same part with these: or if not with these, at least with them that wash away their sins here. For fearful indeed is that other judgment, and inexorable the vengeance, and incurable the punishment.

6. But if thou desire not to be punished even here, pass judgment on thyself, exact thine own penalty. Listen to Paul, when he saith, “If we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.”1718   1 Cor. xi. 31. [The Greek text of 1 Cor. xi. 31 is slightly modified here.—R.] If thou do this, proceeding in order thou shalt even arrive at a crown.

But how are we to exact our own penalty? one may ask. Lament, groan bitterly, humble, afflict thyself, call to remembrance thy sins in their particulars. This thing is no small torture to a man’s soul. If any man hath been in a state of contrition, he knows that the soul is punished by this more than anything. If any hath been living in remembrance of sins, he knows the anguish thence arising. Therefore doth God appoint righteousness as a reward for such repentance, saying, “Be thou first to tell thy sins, that thou mayest be justified.”1719   Isa. xliii. 26 [LXX.]. For it is not, it is not indeed, a small step towards amendment, to lay together all our sins, and to be continually revolving and reckoning them up with their particulars. For he that is doing this will be so heart-broken, as not to think himself worthy so much as to live; and he that thinks thus, will be tenderer than any wax. For tell me not of acts of fornication only, nor of adulteries, nor of these things that are manifest, and acknowledged amongst all men: but lay together also thy secret crafts, and thy false accusations, and thine evil speakings, and thy vain gloryings, and thine envy, and all such things. For neither will these bring a trifling punishment. For the reviler too shall fall into hell; and the drunkard hath no part in the kingdom; and he that lovest not his neighbor so offends God, as to find no help even in his own martyrdom; and he that neglects his own hath denied the faith, and he who overlooks the poor is sent into the fire.

Account not then these things to be little, but put all together, and write them as in a book. For if thou write them down, God blots them out; even as on the other hand, if thou omit writing them, God both inscribes them, and exacts their penalty. It were then far better for them to be written by us, and blotted out above, than on the contrary, when we have forgotten them, for God to bring them before our eyes in that day.

Therefore that this may not be so, let us reckon up all with strictness, and we shall find ourselves answerable for much. For who is clear from covetousness? Nay, tell me not of the quantity, but since even in a small amount we shall pay the same penalty, consider this and repent. Who is rid of all insolence? Yet this casts into hell. Who hath not secretly spoken evil of his neighbor? Yet this deprives one of the Kingdom.1720   [This clause is wanting in three mss.—R.] Who hath not been self-willed? Yet this man is more unclean than all. Who hath not looked with unchaste eyes? Yet this is a complete adulterer. Who hath not been “angry with his brother without a cause”? Yet such an one is “in danger of the council.” Who hath not sworn? Yet this thing is of the evil one. Who hath not forsworn himself? but this man is something more than of the evil one. Who hath not served mammon? but this man is fallen away from the genuine service of Christ.

I have also other things greater than these to mention: but even these are enough, and able, if a man be not made of stone, nor utterly past feeling, to bring him to compunction. For if each one of them casts into hell, what will they not bring to pass when all are met together?

How then can one be saved? it may be asked. By application of the countervailing remedies: alms, prayers, compunction, repentance, humility, a contrite heart, contempt of possessions. For God hath marked out for us innumerable ways of salvation, if we be willing to attend. Let us then attend, and let us every way cleanse out our wounds, showing mercy, remitting our anger against them that have displeased us, giving thanks for all things to God, fasting according to our power, praying sincerely, “making unto ourselves friends of the mammon of unrighteousness.”1721   Luke xvi. 9. [R.V., “by means of,” with margin, “Greek, out of.”] For so shall we be able to obtain pardon for our offenses, and to win the promised good things; whereof may we all be counted worthy, by the grace and love toward man of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and might forever and ever. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΑʹ. Εἰδὼς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς: Πᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθ' ἑαυ τῆς, ἐρημωθήσεται: καὶ πᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσα καθ' ἑαυτῆς, οὐ σταθήσεται. Καὶ εἰ ὁ Σατανᾶς τὸν Σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλει, ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν ἐμε ρίσθη: πῶς οὖν σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ; αʹ. Καὶ ἤδη τοῦτο κατηγόρησαν, ὅτι ἐν τῷ Βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια. Ἀλλὰ τότε μὲν οὐκ ἐπετίμησε, διδοὺς αὐτοῖς ἀπό τε τῶν πλειόνων σημείων γνῶναι αὐτοῦ τὴν δύναμιν, ἀπό τε τῆς διδασκαλίας μαθεῖν αὐτοῦ τὴν μεγαλωσύνην. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐπέμενον τὰ αὐτὰ λέγοντες, καὶ ἐπιτιμᾷ λοιπόν: πρώτῳ μὲν τούτῳ τὴν θεότητα ἐνδεικνύμενος τὴν αὐτοῦ, τῷ τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα αὐτῶν εἰς μέσον ἐξάγειν: δευτέρῳ δὲ, αὐτῷ τῷ μετ' εὐκολίας τοὺς δαίμονας ἐκβάλλειν. Καίτοι καὶ ἡ κατηγορία σφόδρα ἀναίσχυντος ἦν. Ὅπερ γὰρ ἔφην, ὁ φθόνος οὐ ζητεῖ τί εἴπῃ, ἀλλ' ἵνα εἴπῃ μόνον. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ οὕτω κατεφρόνησεν αὐτῶν ὁ Χριστὸς, ἀλλ' ἀπολογεῖται μετὰ τῆς αὐτῷ προσηκούσης ἐπιεικείας, παιδεύων ἡμᾶς πράους εἶναι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς: κἂν τοιαῦτα λέγωσιν, ἃ μήτε ἑαυτοῖς σύνισμεν ἡμεῖς, μήτε τὸν τυχόντα ἔχει λόγον, μὴ θορυβεῖσθαι, μηδὲ ταράττεσθαι, ἀλλὰ μετὰ μακροθυμίας ἁπάσης παρέχειν αὐτοῖς εὐθύνας. Ὃ δὴ μάλιστα καὶ τότε ἐποίει, δεῖγμα μέγιστον παρεχόμενος τοῦ ψευδῆ εἶναι τὰ παρ' αὐτῶν εἰρημένα. Οὐδὲ γὰρ δαιμονῶντος ἦν τοσαύτην ἐπιδείκνυσθαι ἐπιείκειαν: οὐ δαιμονῶντος τὸ τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα εἰδέναι. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ διὰ τὸ σφόδρα ἀναίσχυντον εἶναι τὴν τοιαύτην ὑπόνοιαν, καὶ διὰ τὸν παρὰ τῶν πολλῶν φόβον, οὐδὲ ἐτόλμων δημοσιεύειν τὰ ἐγκλήματα ταῦτα, ἀλλ' ἐν διανοίᾳ ἔστρεφον. Αὐτὸς δὲ δεικνὺς αὐτοῖς, ὅτι κἀκεῖνα οἶδε, τὴν μὲν κατηγορίαν οὐ τίθησιν, οὐδὲ ἐκπομπεύει αὐτῶν τὴν πονηρίαν: τὴν δὲ λύσιν ἐπάγει, τῷ συνειδότι τῶν εἰρηκότων καταλιμπάνων τὸν ἔλεγχον. Ἓν γὰρ αὐτῷ περισπούδαστον ἦν μόνον, ὠφελῆσαι τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας, οὐκ ἐκπομπεῦσαι. Καίτοιγε, εἴ γε ἐβούλετο μακρὸν ἀποτεῖναι λόγον, καὶ καταγελάστους ποιῆσαι, καὶ μετὰ τούτων καὶ δίκην αὐτοὺς ἀπαιτῆσαι τὴν ἐσχάτην, οὐδὲν τὸ κωλύον ἦν: ἀλλ' ὅμως ταῦτα πάντα παρεὶς, εἰς ἓν ἔβλεπε μόνον, τὸ μὴ φιλονεικοτέρους ἐργάσασθαι, ἀλλ' ἐπιεικεστέρους, καὶ ταύτῃ πρὸς διόρθωσιν ἐπιτηδειοτέρους ποιῆσαι. Πῶς οὖν αὐτοῖς ἀπολογεῖται; Οὐδὲν ἀπὸ τῶν Γραφῶν φησιν, (οὐδὲ γὰρ προσεῖχον, ἀλλὰ καὶ παρερμηνεύειν ἔμελλον:) ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν κοινῇ συμβαινόντων. Πᾶσα γὰρ βασιλεία, φησὶν, ἐφ' ἑαυτὴν μερισθεῖσα, οὐ σταθήσεται: καὶ πόλις καὶ οἰκία ἂν σχισθῇ, ταχέως διαλύεται. Οὐ γὰρ οὕτως οἱ ἔξωθεν πόλεμοι ὡς οἱ ἐμφύλιοι διαφθείρουσι. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ἐν σώμασι γίνεται: τοῦτο καὶ ἐν ἅπασι πράγμασιν: ἀλλὰ τέως ἀπὸ τῶν γνωριμωτέρων τὰ ὑποδείγματα ἄγει. Καίτοι τί βασιλείας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς δυνατώτερον; Οὐδέν: ἀλλ' ὅμως ἀπόλλυται στασιάζουσα. Εἰ δὲ ἐκεῖ τὸν ὄγκον αἰτιᾶται τῶν πραγμάτων, ὡς ἑαυτῷ συῤῥηγνύμενον, τί ἂν εἴποις περὶ πόλεως; τί δὲ περὶ οἰκίας; Κἂν γὰρ μικρόν τι, κἂν μέγα ᾖ, πρὸς ἑαυτὸ στασιάζον ἀπόλλυται. Εἰ τοίνυν ἐγὼ δαίμονα ἔχων, δι' ἐκείνου ἐκβάλλω τοὺς δαίμονας, στάσις καὶ μάχη μεταξὺ δαιμόνων ἐστὶ, καὶ κατ' ἀλλήλων ἵστανται. Εἰ δὲ κατ' ἀλλήλων ἵστανται, ἀπόλωλεν αὐτῶν ἡ ἰσχὺς καὶ διέφθαρται. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ Σατανᾶς τὸν Σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλει, (καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Τοὺς δαίμονας, δεικνὺς πολλὴν αὐτοῖς πρὸς ἀλλήλους συμφωνίαν οὖσαν:) ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν οὖν ἐμερίσθη, φησίν. Εἰ δὲ ἐμερίσθη, ἀσθενέστερος γέγονε, καὶ ἀπόλωλεν: εἰ δὲ ἀπόλωλε, πῶς δύναται ἕτερον ἐκβάλλειν; Εἶδες πόσος τῆς κατηγορίας ὁ γέλως; πόση ἡ ἄνοια; πόση ἡ μάχη; Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἔστι τῶν αὐτῶν λέγειν μὲν, ὅτι ἕστηκε, καὶ ὅτι ἐκβάλλει τοὺς δαίμονας: λέγειν δὲ, ὅτι διὰ τοῦτο ἕστηκε, δι' ὃ εἰκὸς ἦν αὐτὸν καταλελύσθαι. Καὶ πρώτη μὲν αὕτη ἡ λύσις: δευτέρα δὲ μετ' ἐκείνην. ἡ περὶ τῶν μαθητῶν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἑνὶ μόνον ἀεὶ τρόπῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ δευτέρῳ καὶ τρίτῳ καταλύει τὰς ἀντιθέσεις αὐτῶν, ἐκ περιουσίας ἐπιστομίσαι βουλόμενος αὐτῶν τὴν ἀναισχυντίαν. Ὅπερ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ σαββάτου πεποίηκε, τὸν Δαυῒδ φέρων εἰς μέσον, τοὺς ἱερέας, τὴν μαρτυρίαν τὴν λέγουσαν, Ἔλεον θέλω, καὶ οὐ θυσίαν, τὴν αἰτίαν τοῦ σαββάτου δι' ἢν γέγονε: Διὰ γὰρ τὸν ἄνθρωπον, φησὶ, τὸ σάββατον. Τοῦτο δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ποιεῖ. Μετὰ γὰρ τὴν προτέραν ἐπὶ δευτέραν ἔρχεται λύσιν τῆς προτέρας σαφεστέραν. Εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ, φησὶν, ἐν Βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια, οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσιν; βʹ. Ὅρα κἀνταῦθα τὴν ἐπιείκειαν. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν, Οἱ μαθηταί μου, οὐδὲ, Οἱ ἀπόστολοι: ἀλλ', Οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν, ἵν' εἰ μὲν βουληθεῖεν ἐπανελθεῖν πρὸς τὴν αὐτὴν ἐκείνοις εὐγένειαν, πολλὴν ἐντεῦθεν λάβωσι τὴν ἀφορμήν: εἰ δὲ ἀγνωμονοῖεν καὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἐπιμένοιεν, μηδὲ ἀναίσχυντον λοιπὸν πρόφασιν ἔχωσιν εἰπεῖν. Ὃ δὲ λέγει τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν: Οἱ ἀπόστολοι ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσι; Καὶ γὰρ ἦσαν ἐκβάλλοντες ἤδη, διὰ τὸ λαβεῖν ἐξουσίαν παρ' αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ἐνεκάλουν οὗτοι: οὐ γὰρ πράγμασιν, ἀλλὰ προσώπῳ μόνον ἐμάχοντο. Θέλων τοίνυν δεῖξαι, ὅτι φθόνου ἦν τοῦ πρὸς αὐτὸν τὰ εἰρημένα μόνον, ἄγει τοὺς ἀποστόλους εἰς μέσον. Εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ οὕτως ἐκβάλλω, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐκεῖνοι οἱ παρ' ἐμοῦ τὴν ἐξουσίαν λαβόντες. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον εἰρήκατε αὐτοῖς. Πῶς οὖν ἐμοὶ τῷ κἀκείνοις αἰτίῳ τῶν γινομένων ταῦτα ἐγκαλεῖτε, ἐκείνους ἀπολύοντες τῶν ἐγκλημάτων; Οὐ μὴν τοῦτο ὑμᾶς ἐλευθερώσει τῆς τιμωρίας, ἀλλὰ καὶ καταδικάσει μειζόνως. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἐπήγαγεν: Αὐτοὶ κριταὶ ὑμῶν ἔσονται. Ὅταν γὰρ ἐξ ὑμῶν ὄντες, καὶ ταῦτα μεμελετηκότες, καὶ πείθωνταί μοι καὶ ὑπακούωσιν, εὔδηλον ὅτι καὶ κατακρινοῦσι τοὺς τὰ ἐναντία καὶ ποιοῦντας καὶ λέγοντας. Εἰ δὲ ἐν Πνεύματι Θεοῦ ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια, ἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ. Τί ἐστιν, Ἡ βασιλεία; Ἡ παρουσία ἡ ἐμή. Ὅρα πῶς πάλιν αὐτοὺς ἐφέλκεται καὶ θεραπεύει, καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γνῶσιν ἐπισπᾶται, καὶ δείκνυσιν ὅτι τοῖς οἰκείοις πολεμοῦσιν ἀγαθοῖς, καὶ φιλονεικοῦσι κατὰ τῆς ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίας. Δέον γὰρ χαίρειν, φησὶ, καὶ σκιρτᾷν, ὅτι τὰ μεγάλα καὶ ἀπόῤῥητα ἐκεῖνα παραγέγονε δωρούμενος τὰ πάλαι παρὰ τῶν προφητῶν ᾀδόμενα, καὶ τῆς εὐπραγίας ὑμῶν ἐφέστηκεν ὁ καιρός: ὑμεῖς δὲ τοὐναντίον ποιεῖτε, οὐ μόνον οὐ δεχόμενοι τὰ ἀγαθὰ, ἀλλὰ καὶ διαβάλλοντες, καὶ συντιθέντες οὐκ οὔσας αἰτίας. Ὁ μὲν οὖν Ματθαῖός φησιν: Εἰ δὲ ἐγὼ ἐν Πνεύματι Θεοῦ ἐκβάλλω: ὁ δὲ Λουκᾶς, Εἰ δὲ ἐγὼ ἐν δακτύλῳ Θεοῦ ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια, δεικνὺς ὅτι μεγίστης δυνάμεως ἔργον ἐστὶ τὸ δαίμονας ἐκβάλλειν, καὶ οὐ τῆς τυχούσης χάριτος. Καὶ βούλεται μὲν ἀπὸ τούτων συλλογίσασθαι καὶ εἰπεῖν, ὅτι Εἰ δὲ τοῦτό ἐστιν, ἄρα ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ παραγέγονεν. Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν οὐ λέγει, συνεσκιασμένως δὲ, καὶ ὡς ἐκείνοις ἀνεπαχθὲς ἦν, αἰνίττεται αὐτῷ λέγων: Ἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ. Εἶδες περιουσίαν σοφίας; Δι' ὧν ἐνεκάλουν, διὰ τούτων ἔδειξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν παρουσίαν ἐκλάμπουσαν. Εἶτα ἵνα ἐφελκύσηται, οὐκ εἶπεν ἁπλῶς, Ἔφθασεν ἡ βασιλεία, ἀλλ' ἐφ' ὑμᾶς: ὡσανεὶ ἔλεγεν: Ὑμῖν ἥκει τὰ ἀγαθά: διατί οὖν πρὸς τὰ οἰκεῖα καλὰ ἀηδῶς διάκεισθε; διατί τῇ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν πολεμεῖτε σωτηρίᾳ; Οὗτος ἐκεῖνος ὁ καιρὸς, ὃν πάλαι προὔλεγον οἱ προφῆται: τοῦτο τὸ σημεῖον τῆς παρουσίας τῆς παρ' αὐτῶν ᾀδομένης, τὸ ταῦτα γίνεσθαι θείᾳ δυνάμει. Ὅτι μὲν γὰρ γίνεται, καὶ ὑμεῖς ἴστε: ὅτι δὲ θείᾳ δυνάμει γίνεται, τὰ πράγματα βοᾷ. Οὔτε γὰρ δυνατὸν Σατανᾶν ἰσχυρότερον εἶναι νῦν, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκη πᾶσα ἀσθενῆ: τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα οὐκ ἔστιν ὡς ἰσχυρὸν ἐκβάλλειν τὸν ἰσχυρὸν δαίμονα. Ταῦτα δὲ ἔλεγε, τῆς ἀγάπης δεικνὺς τὴν δύναμιν, καὶ τῆς διαστάσεως καὶ τῆς φιλονεικίας τὴν ἀσθένειαν. Διὸ καὶ αὐτὸς συνεχῶς τοῖς μαθηταῖς ἄνω καὶ κάτω περὶ ἀγάπης παρῄνει, καὶ ὅτι ὁ διάβολος ὑπὲρ τοῦ ταύτην ἀνελεῖν πάντα ποιεῖ. Εἰπὼν τοίνυν τὴν δευτέραν λύσιν, ἐπάγει καὶ τρίτην οὕτω λέγων: Πῶς δύναταί τις εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ, καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσαι, ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον δήσῃ τὸν ἰσχυρὸν, καὶ τότε τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσῃ; Ὅτι μὲν γὰρ οὐκ ἐγχωρεῖ Σατανᾶς Σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλειν, δῆλον ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων: ὅτι δὲ οὐδὲ ἄλλως δυνατὸν ἐκβάλλειν, ἐὰν μὴ πρότερον ἐκείνου περιγένηται, καὶ τοῦτο πᾶσίν ἐστιν ὡμολογημένον. Τί οὖν ἐκ τούτων συνίσταται; Τὸ ἔμπροσθεν εἰρημένον μετὰ πλείονος τῆς περιουσίας. Τοσοῦτον γὰρ ἀπέχω, φησὶ, συμμάχω χρήσασθαι τῷ διαβόλῳ, ὅτι καὶ πολεμῶ καὶ δεσμῶ: καὶ τούτου τεκμήριον, τὸ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσαι. Ὅρα πῶς τοὐναντίον, οὗπερ ἐπεχείρουν ἐκεῖνοι κατασκεύασαι, ἀποδείκνυται. Ἐκεῖνοι μὲν γὰρ ἐβούλοντο δεῖξαι, ὅτι οὐκ ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει ἐκβάλλει δαίμονας: αὐτὸς δὲ δείκνυσιν, ὅτι οὐ μόνον τοὺς δαίμονας, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν ἀρχηγέτην μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἐξουσίας δεδεμένον ἔχει, καὶ ἐκείνου πρὸ τούτων ἐκράτησεν ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει: καὶ δῆλον ἀπὸ τῶν γινομένων. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ μὲν ἄρχων ἐστὶν, οἱ δὲ ὑπόκεινται: πῶς ἂν, ἐκείνου μὴ ἡττηθέντος, μηδὲ ὑποκύψαντος, οὗτοι διηρπάγησαν; Ἐνταῦθα δέ μοι καὶ προφητεία δοκεῖ τὸ λεγόμενον εἶναι. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ μόνον οἱ δαίμονες σκεύη τοῦ διαβόλου, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ τὰ ἐκείνου πράττοντες ἄνθρωποι. Δηλῶν τοίνυν ὅτι οὐ δαίμονας ἐκβάλλει μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πλάνην τῆς οἰκουμένης ἅπασαν ἀπελάσει, καὶ τὰς μαγγανείας αὐτοῦ καταλύσει, καὶ πάντα ἄχρηστα ποιήσει τὰ ἐκείνου, ταῦτα εἴρηκε. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἁρπάσει, ἀλλὰ, Διαρπάσει: τὸ μετ' ἐξουσίας γινόμενον δηλῶν. γʹ. Ἰσχυρὸν δὲ αὐτὸν καλεῖ, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ τῇ φύσει τοιοῦτός ἐστι: μὴ γένοιτο: ἀλλὰ τὴν ἔμπροσθεν δηλῶν τυραννίδα, τὴν ἐκ τῆς ῥᾳθυμίας τῆς ἡμετέρας γεγενημένην. Ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ' ἐμοῦ, κατ' ἐμοῦ ἐστι: καὶ ὁ μὴ συνάγων μετ' ἐμοῦ, σκορπίζει. Ἰδοὺ καὶ τετάρτη λύσις. Τί γὰρ ἐγὼ βούλομαι; φησί. Τῷ Θεῷ προσάγειν, ἀρετὴν διδάσκειν, βασιλείαν καταγγέλλειν. Τί δὲ ὁ διάβολος καὶ οἱ δαίμονες; Τἀναντία τούτοις. Πῶς οὖν ὁ μὴ μετ' ἐμοῦ συνάγων, μηδὲ μετ' ἐμοῦ ὢν, ἐμοὶ συμπράττειν ἔμελλε; Καὶ τί λέγω συμπράττειν; Τοὐναντίον δὲ, καὶ σκορπίζειν αὐτῷ ἐπιθυμία τὰ ἐμά. Ὁ τοίνυν μὴ μόνον μὴ συμπράττων, ἀλλὰ καὶ σκορπίζων, πῶς ἂν τοσαύτην πρὸς ἐμὲ ὁμόνοιαν ἐπεδείξατο, ὥστε μετ' ἐμοῦ τοὺς δαίμονας ἐκβάλλειν; Τοῦτο δὲ οὐ περὶ τοῦ διαβόλου μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸν περὶ ἑαυτοῦ εἰκὸς ὑποπτεύειν εἰρηκέναι, ὡς καὶ κατὰ τοῦ διαβόλου ὄντος, καὶ σκορπίζοντος τὰ ἐκείνου. Καὶ πῶς, φησὶν, ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ' ἐμοῦ, κατ' ἐμοῦ ἐστιν; Αὐτῷ τούτῳ τῷ μὴ συνάγειν. Εἰ δὲ τοῦτο ἀληθὲς, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ κατ' αὐτοῦ ὤν. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ μὴ συμπράττων, ἐχθρὸς, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ πολεμῶν. Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα λέγει, ἵνα δείξῃ πολλὴν αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν διάβολον τὴν ἔχθραν καὶ ἄφατον οὖσαν. Εἰπὲ γάρ μοι, εἰ δέοι τινὶ πολεμῆσαι, ὁ μὴ βουλόμενός σοι συμμαχῆσαι, αὐτῷ τούτῳ οὐκ ἔστι κατὰ σοῦ; Εἰ δὲ ἀλλαχοῦ φησιν, Ὁ μὴ ὢν καθ' ὑμῶν, ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐστιν, οὐκ ἔστιν ἐναντίον τούτῳ. Ἐνταῦθα γὰρ ἔδειξε κατ' αὐτῶν ὄντα, ἐκεῖ δὲ δείκνυσιν ἐν μέρει μετ' αὐτῶν ὄντα: Ἐν γὰρ τῷ ὀνόματί σου, φησὶν, ἐκβάλλουσι τὰ δαιμόνια. Ἐμοὶ δὲ δοκεῖ ἐνταῦθα καὶ Ἰουδαίους αἰνίττεσθαι, μετὰ τοῦ διαβόλου στήσας αὐτούς. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὶ κατ' αὐτοῦ ἦσαν, καὶ ἐσκόρπιζον ἃ συνήγαγεν. Ὅτι γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὺς ᾐνίττετο, ἐδήλωσεν οὕτως εἰπών: Διὰ τοῦτο λέγω ὑμῖν, ὅτι πᾶσα ἁμαρτία καὶ βλασφημία ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἀπελογήσατο, καὶ τὴν ἀντίθεσιν ἔλυσε, καὶ ἀπέδειξεν ἀναισχυντοῦντας μάτην, φοβεῖ λοιπόν. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο συμβουλῆς οὐ μικρὸν μέρος καὶ διορθώσεως, τὸ μὴ μόνον ἀπολογεῖσθαι καὶ πείθειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπειλεῖν, ὃ πολλαχοῦ ποιεῖ νομοθετῶν καὶ συμβουλεύων. Καὶ δοκεῖ μὲν ἀσάφειαν ἔχειν πολλὴν τὸ εἰρημένον; ἐὰν δὲ προσέχωμεν, εὔκολον ἕξει τὴν λύσιν. Πρότερον οὖν αὐτῶν ἐπακοῦσαι καλὸν τῶν ῥημάτων. Πᾶσα, φησὶν, ἁμαρτία καὶ βλασφημία ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις: ἡ δὲ τοῦ Πνεύματος βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτοῖς. Καὶ ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ: ὃς δ' ἂν εἴπῃ κατὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου, οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ, οὔτε ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ, οὔτε ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι. Τί τοίνυν ἐστὶν ὅ φησι; Πολλὰ κατ' ἐμοῦ εἰρήκατε, ὅτι πλάνος, ὅτι ἀντίθεος. Ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἀφίημι μετανοοῦσι, καὶ οὐκ ἀπαιτῶ δίκας ὑμᾶς: ἡ δὲ τοῦ Πνεύματος βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται, οὐδὲ μετανοοῦσι. Καὶ πῶς ἂν ἔχοι τοῦτο λόγον; Καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὕτη ἀφείθη μετανοοῦσι. Πολλοὶ γοῦν τῶν ταῦτα εἰρηκότων ἐπίστευσαν ὕστερον, καὶ πάντα αὐτοῖς ἀφείθη. Τί οὖν ἐστιν ὅ φησιν; Ὅτι ὑπὲρ πάντα αὕτη ἡ ἁμαρτία ἀσύγγνωστος. Τί δήποτε; Ὅτι αὐτὸν μὲν ἠγνόουν ὅστις ποτὲ ἦν: τοῦ δὲ Πνεύματος ἱκανὴν εἰλήφασι πεῖραν. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ προφῆται δι' αὐτοῦ ἐφθέγξαντο ἅπερ ἐφθέγξαντο, καὶ πάντες δὲ οἱ ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ μεγίστην περὶ αὐτοῦ εἶχον ἔννοιαν. Ὃ τοίνυν λέγει, τοῦτό ἐστιν: Ἔστω, ἐμοὶ προσπταίετε διὰ τὴν σάρκα τὴν περικειμένην: μὴ καὶ περὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος ἔχετε εἰπεῖν, ὅτι Ἀγνοοῦμεν αὐτό; Διὰ δὴ τοῦτο ἀσύγγνωστος ὑμῖν ἔσται ἡ βλασφημία, καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ δώσετε δίκην. Πολλοὶ μὲν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ἐκολάσθησαν μόνον, ὡς ὁ πεπορνευκὼς, ὡς οἱ ἀναξίως μετασχόντες μυστηρίων παρὰ Κορινθίοις: ὑμεῖς δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ. Ὅσα μὲν οὖν ἐβλασφημήσατε κατ' ἐμοῦ πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, ἀφίημι: καὶ αὐτὸ δὲ τοῦ σταυροῦ τὸ τόλμημα: καὶ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀπιστίας οὐ κατακριθήσεσθε μόνης. (Οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ πιστεύσαντες πεπληρωμένην πίστιν εἶχον. Καὶ πολλαχοῦ δὲ παραγγέλλει μηδενὶ κατάδηλον αὐτὸν ποιεῖν πρὸ τοῦ πάθους: καὶ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ ταύτην ἔλεγεν ἀφεθῆναι αὐτοῖς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν.) Ἃ δὲ περὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος εἰρήκατε, ταῦτα οὐχ ἕξει συγγνώμην. Ὅτι γὰρ περὶ τῶν εἰς αὐτὸν εἰρημένων πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ φησιν, ἐπήγαγεν: Ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ: ὃς δ' ἂν εἴπῃ κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, οὐκέτι. Διατί; Ὅτι τοῦτο γνώριμον ὑμῖν ἐστι, καὶ πρὸς τὰ δῆλα ἀναισχυντεῖτε. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐμὲ λέγετε ἀγνοεῖν, οὐ δήπου κἀκεῖνο ἀγνοεῖτε, ὅτι τὸ δαίμονας ἐκβάλλειν καὶ ἰάσεις ἐπιτελεῖν τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἔργον ἐστίν. Οὐκ ἄρα ἐμὲ ὑβρίζετε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. Διὸ καὶ ἀπαραίτητος ὑμῖν ἡ δίκη καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ. Καὶ γὰρ τῶν ἀνθρώπων οἱ μὲν καὶ ἐνταῦθα κολάζονται καὶ ἐκεῖ: οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθα μόνον: οἱ δὲ ἐκεῖ μόνον: οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα, οὐδὲ ἐκεῖ. Ἐνταῦθα μὲν καὶ ἐκεῖ, ὡς οὗτοι αὐτοί: (καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἔδοσαν δίκην, ἡνίκα ἔπαθον τὰ ἀνήκεστα ἐκεῖνα τῆς πόλεως ἁλούσης: καὶ ἐκεῖ χαλεπωτάτην ὑπομενοῦσιν:) ὡς οἱ Σοδόμων πολῖται, ὡς ἕτεροι πολλοί. Ἐκεῖ δὲ μόνον, ὡς ὁ πλούσιος ὁ ἀποτηγανιζόμενος, καὶ οὐδὲ σταγόνος κύριος ὤν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ὡς ὁ πεπορνευκὼς παρὰ Κορινθίοις. Οὔτε δὲ ἐνταῦθα, οὔτε ἐκεῖ, ὡς οἱ ἀπόστολοι, ὡς οἱ προφῆται, ὡς ὁ μακάριος Ἰώβ: οὐ γὰρ δὴ κολάσεως ἦν ἅπερ ἔπασχον, ἀλλ' ἀγώνων καὶ παλαισμάτων. δʹ. Σπουδάσωμεν τοίνυν τῆς τούτων γενέσθαι μερίδος, εἰ δὲ μὴ τούτων, κἂν τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἀπολουομένων τὰ ἁμαρτήματα. Καὶ γὰρ φοβερὸν ἐκεῖνο τὸ κριτήριον, καὶ ἀπαραίτητος ἡ τιμωρία, καὶ ἀνήκεστος ἡ κόλασις. Εἰ δὲ βούλει μηδὲ ἐνταῦθα δοῦναι δίκην, σαυτῷ δίκασον, ἀπαίτησον σαυτὸν εὐθύνας. Ἄκουσον Παύλου λέγοντος, ὅτι Εἰ ἑαυτοὺς ἐκρίνομεν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα. Ἂν τοῦτο ποιῇς, ὁδῷ προβαίνων καὶ ἐπὶ στέφανον ἥξεις. Καὶ πῶς ἀπαιτήσομεν ἑαυτοὺς δίκην; φησί. Θρήνησον, στέναξον πικρὸν, ταπείνωσον σαυτὸν, κάκωσον, ἀνάμνησον τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων κατ' εἶδος. Οὐ μικρὰ τοῦτο βάσανος ψυχῆς. Εἴ τις ἐν κατανύξει γέγονεν, οἶδεν ὅτι μάλιστα πάντων ἡ ψυχὴ τούτῳ κολάζεται. Εἴ τις γέγονεν ἐν ἁμαρτιῶν μνήμῃ, οἶδε τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ὀδύνην. Διὰ τοῦτο δικαιοσύνην ἔπαθλον τίθησιν ὁ Θεὸς τῇ τοιαύτῃ μετανοίᾳ, λέγων: Λέγε σὺ πρῶτος τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς. Οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν, οὐκ ἔστι μικρὸν εἰς διόρθωσιν, τὸ πάντα συναγαγόντας τὰ ἁμαρτήματα, κατ' εἶδος αὐτὰ στρέφειν συνεχῶς καὶ ἀναλογίζεσθαι. Ὁ γὰρ τοῦτο ποιῶν οὕτω κατανυγήσεται, ὡς μήτε τοῦ ζῇν ἄξιον ἑαυτὸν εἶναι νομίζειν: ὁ δὲ τοῦτο νομίζων, κηροῦ παντὸς ἁπαλώτερος ἔσται. Μὴ γάρ μοι πορνείας εἴπῃς μόνον, μηδὲ μοιχείας, μηδὲ ταῦτα τὰ δῆλα καὶ ὡμολογημένα παρὰ πᾶσιν: ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς λαθραίους ἐπιβουλὰς, καὶ τὰς συκοφαντίας, καὶ τὰς κακηγορίας, καὶ τὰς κενοδοξίας, καὶ τὸν φθόνον, καὶ πάντα τὰ τοιαῦτα σύναγε. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ταῦτα μικρὰν οἴσει κόλασιν. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ λοίδορος εἰς γέενναν ἐμπεσεῖται: καὶ ὁ μεθύων οὐδὲν ἔχειν κοινὸν πρὸς τὴν βασιλείαν: καὶ ὁ μὴ ἀγαπῶν τὸν πλησίον οὕτω προσκρούει Θεῷ, ὡς μηδὲ μαρτυροῦντος αὐτοῦ ὠφελεῖσθαι: καὶ ὁ τῶν οἰκείων ἀμελῶν τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται: καὶ ὁ πένητας περιορῶν εἰς τὸ πῦρ πέμπεται. Μὴ τοίνυν μικρὰ ταῦτα νόμιζε εἶναι, ἀλλὰ σύναγε πάντα, καὶ ὡς ἐν βιβλίῳ γράφε. Ἂν γὰρ σὺ γράψῃς, ὁ Θεὸς ἐξαλείφει: ὥσπερ οὖν ἐὰν σὺ μὴ γράψῃς, ὁ Θεὸς καὶ ἐγγράφει, καὶ δίκην ἀπαιτεῖ. Πολὺ τοίνυν βέλτιον παρ' ἡμῶν αὐτὰ γραφῆναι καὶ ἄνωθεν ἐξαλειφθῆναι, ἢ τοὐναντίον, ἡμῶν ἐπιλαθομένων, τὸν Θεὸν αὐτὰ πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἐνεγκεῖν τῶν ἡμετέρων κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην. Ἵν' οὖν μὴ τοῦτο γένηται, πάντα μετὰ ἀκριβείας ἀναλογιζώμεθα, καὶ εὑρήσομεν πολλῶν ἑαυτοὺς ὑπευθύνους ὄντας. Τίς γὰρ πλεονεξίας καθαρός; Μὴ γάρ μοι τὸ μέτρον εἴπῃς, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ ἐν τῷ μικρῷ τὴν αὐτὴν δώσομεν δίκην, τοῦτο ἐννόει, καὶ μετανόει. Τίς ὕβρεως ἀπήλλακται; τοῦτο δὲ εἰς γέενναν ἐμβάλλει. Τίς λάθρα τὸν πλησίον οὐκ ἐκακηγόρησε; [τοῦτο δὲ βασιλείας ἀποστερεῖ.] Τίς οὐκ ἀπενοήθη; οὗτος δὲ πάντων ἀκαθαρτότερος. Τίς δὲ οὐκ εἶδεν ἀκολάστοις ὀφθαλμοῖς; οὗτος δὲ μοιχὸς ἀπηρτισμένος. Τίς οὐκ ὠργίσθη τῷ ἀδελφῷ εἰκῆ; οὗτος δὲ ἔνοχος τῷ συνεδρίῳ. Τίς οὐκ ὤμοσε; τοῦτο δὲ ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ. Τίς οὐκ ἐπιώρκησεν; οὗτος δὲ πλέον ἢ τοῦ πονηροῦ. Τίς οὐκ ἐδούλευσε τῷ μαμωνᾷ; οὗτος δὲ τῆς γνησίας ἐξέπεσε τοῦ Χριστοῦ δουλείας. Ἔχω καὶ ἕτερα μείζονα τούτων εἰπεῖν: ἀλλ' ἀρκεῖ καὶ ταῦτα, καὶ ἱκανὰ τὸν μὴ λίθινον ὄντα μηδὲ σφόδρα ἀναίσθητον εἰς κατάνυξιν ἀγαγεῖν. Εἰ γὰρ ἕκαστον αὐτῶν εἰς γέενναν ἐμβάλλει, πάντα ὁμοῦ συνελθόντα τί οὐκ ἐργάσεται; Πῶς οὖν ἔστι σωθῆναι; φησί. Τὰ ἀντίῤῥοπα τούτων φάρμακα ἐπιτιθέντας, ἐλεημοσύνην, εὐχὰς, κατάνυξιν, μετάνοιαν, ταπεινοφροσύνην, συντετριμμένην καρδίαν, ὑπεροψίαν τῶν ὄντων. Μυρίας γὰρ ὁδοὺς σωτηρίας ἔτεμεν ὁ Θεὸς, ἐὰν ἐθέλωμεν προσέχειν. Προσέχωμεν τοίνυν, καὶ διὰ πάντων τὰ τραύματα ἐκκαθαίρωμεν, ἐλεοῦντες, ὀργὴν τοῖς λελυπηκόσιν ἀφιέντες, εὐχαριστοῦντες ὑπὲρ πάντων τῷ Θεῷ, νηστεύοντες κατὰ δύναμιν, εὐχόμενοι γνησίως, φίλους ἑαυτοῖς ποιοῦντες ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας. Οὕτω γὰρ δυνησόμεθα καὶ συγγνώμης ἐπὶ τοῖς πεπλημμελημένοις τυχεῖν, καὶ τῶν ἐπηγγελμένων ἐπιτυχεῖν ἀγαθῶν: ὧν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἀξιωθῆναι, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.