Chapter XLI.—Sundry Quotations from Hermogenes. Now Uncertain and Vague are His Speculations Respecting Motion in Matter, and the Material Qualities of Good and Evil.

I come back to the point of motion,436    From which he has digressed since ch. xxxvi., p. 497. that I may show how slippery you are at every step. Motion in Matter was disordered, and confused, and turbulent. This is why you apply to it the comparison of a boiler of hot water surging over. Now how is it, that in another passage another sort of motion is affirmed by you?  For when you want to represent Matter as neither good nor evil, you say: “Matter, which is the substratum (of creation)437    Subjacens materia. possessing as it does motion in an equable impulse,438    Æqualis momenti motum. tends in no very great degree either to good or to evil.” Now if it had this equable impulse, it could not be turbulent, nor be like the boiling water of the caldron; it would rather be even and regular, oscillating indeed of its own accord between good and evil, but yet not prone or tending to either side. It would swing, as the phrase is, in a just and exact balance. Now this is not unrest; this is not turbulence or inconstancy;439    Passivitas. but rather the regularity, and evenness, and exactitude of a motion, inclining to neither side. If it oscillated this way and that way, and inclined rather to one particular side, it would plainly in that case merit the reproach of unevenness, and inequality, and turbulence. Moreover, although the motion of Matter was not prone either to good or to evil, it would still, of course, oscillate between good and evil; so that from this circumstance too it is obvious that Matter is contained within certain limits,440    Determinabilem. because its motion, while prone to neither good nor evil, since it had no natural bent either way, oscillated from either between both, and therefore was contained within the limits of the two.  But you, in fact, place both good and evil in a local habitation,441    In loco facis: “you localise.” when you assert that motion in Matter inclined to neither of them. For Matter which was local,442    In loco. when inclining neither hither nor thither, inclined not to the places in which good and evil were. But when you assign locality to good and evil, you make them corporeal by making them local, since those things which have local space must needs first have bodily substance. In fact,443    Denique. incorporeal things could not have any locality of their own except in a body, when they have access to a body.444    Cum corpori accedunt: or, “when they are added to a body.” But when Matter inclined not to good and evil, it was as corporeal or local essences that it did not incline to them. You err, therefore, when you will have it that good and evil are substances. For you make substances of the things to which you assign locality;445    Loca: “places;” one to each. but you assign locality when you keep motion in Matter poised equally distant from both sides.446    Cum ab utraque regione suspendis: equally far from good and evil.

CAPUT XLI.

Revertor ad motum, ut ubique te lubricum ostendam. Inconditus, et confusus, et turbulentus fuit materiae motus. Sic enim et ollae undique ebullientis similitudinem apponis . Et quomodo alibi alius a te adfirmatur? cum enim vis materiam nec bonam nec malam inducere. Igitur, subjacens materia aequalis momenti 0234B habens motum, neque ad bonum, neque ad malum plurimum vergit. Si aequalis momenti, jam non turbulentus, nec cacabacius , sed compositus et temperatus ; scilicet, qui inter bonum et malum suo arbitrio agitatus, in neutram tamen partem pronus et praeceps, mediae, quod aiunt, aginae aequilibrato impetu ferebatur. Haec, inquies, non est, haec turbulentia et passivitas non est; sed moderatio, et modestia, et justitia motationis neutram in partem inclinantis . Plane, si huc et illuc, aut in alterum magis proclinaret , tunc inconcinnitatis, et inaequalitatis, et turbulentiae denotari mereretur. Porro, si neque ad bonum, neque ad malum pronior erat motus, utique inter bonum et malum agebatur: ut ex hoc quoque materiam 0234C determinabilem adpareat, cujus motus nec malo nec bono pronus , eo quod in neutrum vergebat , intra utrumque ab utroque pendebat , 0235A et hoc nomine ab utroque determinabatur. Sed et bonum et malum in loco facis, cum dicis motum materiae in neutrum eorum fuisse propensum: materia enim quae in loco erat, neque huc neque illuc devergens, in loca non devergebat in quibus erat bonum et malum. Dans autem locum bono et malo, corporalia ea facis, faciendo localia; quia quae locum habent, prius est ut corporalia sint. Denique incorporalia proprium locum non haberent, nisi in corpore, cum corpori accidunt. Ad bonum autem et malum non devergente materia, ut aut corporalia aut localia non devergebat. Bonum ergo et malum, erras, si substantias esse vis. Substantias enim facis quibus loca assignas. Loca autem assignas, cum materiae motum ab utraque regione suspendis.