Of Holy Virginity.

 1. We lately put forth a book “of the Good of Marriage,” in which also we admonished and admonish the virgins of Christ, not, on account of that great

 2. This we have undertaken in our present discourse: may Christ help us, the Son of a virgin, and the Spouse of virgins, born after the flesh of a vir

 3. It is written in the Gospel, of the mother and brethren of Christ, that is, His kindred after the flesh, that, when word had been brought to Him, a

 4. Her virginity also itself was on this account more pleasing and accepted, in that it was not that Christ being conceived in her, rescued it beforeh

 5. There is, therefore, no reason why the virgins of God be sad, because themselves also cannot, keeping their virginity, be mothers of the flesh. For

 6. And on this account, that one female, not only in the Spirit, but also in the flesh, is both a mother and a virgin. And a mother indeed in the Spir

 7. I have said this, lest haply married fruitfulness dare to vie with virgin chastity, and to set forth Mary herself, and to say unto the virgins of G

 8. Therefore no fruitfulness of the flesh can be compared to holy virginity even of the flesh. For neither is itself also honored because it is virgin

 9. Wherefore neither are we to believe that their fruitfulness of the flesh, who at this time seek in marriage nothing else save children, to make ove

 10. For not even herein ought such as are married to compare themselves with the deserts of the continent, in that of them virgins are born: for this

 11. Nor do we ourselves set forth this in virgins, that they are virgins but that they are virgins dedicated unto God by pious continence. For it is

 12. Let marriages possess their own good, not that they beget sons, but that honestly, that lawfully, that modestly, that in a spirit of fellowship th

 13. Whence they are marvellously void of wisdom, who think that the good of this continence is not necessary for the sake of the kingdom of heaven, bu

 14. It is, therefore, the present necessity that we are to avoid, but yet such as is a hindrance to somewhat of the good things to come by which nece

 15. After that the same Apostle adds, and says, “Thou art bound to a wife, seek not loosening: thou art loosed from a wife, seek not a wife.” Of these

 16. Yet he added, “But such shall have tribulation of the flesh, but I spare you:” in this manner exhorting unto virginity, and continual continence,

 17. Only by this, which I have briefly set down, the reader ought to be set on his guard against those, who, in this that is written, “but such shall

 18. Wherefore I admonish both men and women who follow after perpetual continence and holy virginity, that they so set their own good before marriage,

 19. But lest any should think that of two works, the good and the better, the rewards will be equal, on this account it was necessary to treat against

 20. Far be it, therefore, that the Apostle so said, unto such as are married or are about to marry, “But I spare you,” as if he were unwilling to say

 21. Here some one will say, What has this to do with holy virginity, or perpetual continence, the setting forth of which was undertaken in this discou

 22. And now by plainest witnesses of divine Scriptures, such as according to the small measure of our memory we shall be able to remember, let it more

 23. Lastly, let us hear the Lord Himself delivering most plain judgment on this matter. For, upon His speaking after a divine and fearful manner conce

 24. But concerning what eunuchs speaketh God by the prophet Isaiah, unto whom He saith that He will give in His house and in His wall a place by name,

 25. Nor indeed hath the Holy Spirit failed to speak what should be of open and unshaken avail against these men, most shamelessly and madly obstinate,

 26. What then, say they, is the meaning of that penny, which is given in payment to all alike when the work of the vineyard is ended? whether it be to

 27. Therefore go on, Saints of God, boys and girls, males and females, unmarried men, and women go on and persevere unto the end. Praise more sweetly

 28. Therefore let the rest of the faithful, who have lost virginity, follow the Lamb, not whithersoever He shall have gone, but so far as ever they sh

 29. But, lo, That Lamb goeth by a Virgin road, how shall they go after Him, who have lost what there is no way for them to recover? Do ye, therefore,

 30. Ye also who have not yet made this vow, who are able to receive it, receive it. Run with perseverance, that ye may obtain.

 31. Whence the greatness of this service, unto the undertaking of which we have according to our strength exhorted, the more excellent and divine it i

 32. Wherefore a few witnesses, which the Lord deigns to suggest to my mind, I proceed to mention, from out the teaching of Christ concerning humility,

 33. Whereas, then, all Christians have to guard humility, forasmuch as it is from Christ that they are called Christians, Whose Gospel no one consider

 34. Paul the Apostle censures evil unmarried women, curious and prating, and says that this fault comes of idleness. “But at the same time,” saith he,

 35. Certainly we are to contemplate in Christ Himself, the chief instruction and pattern of virginal purity. What further precept then concerning humi

 36. Let them hear Thee, and let them come to Thee, and let them learn of Thee to be meek and lowly, who seek Thy Mercy and Truth, by living unto Thee,

 37. But regard the troops of virgins, holy boys and girls: this kind hath been trained up in Thy Church: there for Thee it hath been budding from its

 38. I send thee not, soul that art religiously chaste, that hast not given the reins to fleshly appetite even so far as to allowed marriage, that hast

 39. I fear, I say, greatly for thee, lest, when thou boastest that thou wilt follow the Lamb wheresoever He shall have gone, thou be unable by reason

 40. And what members of the holy body, which is the Church, ought more to take care, that upon them the holy Spirit may rest, than such as profess vir

 41. Or are we indeed to believe that it is for any other reason, that God suffers to be mixed up with the number of your profession, many, both men an

 42. Wherefore let this be the first thought for the putting on of humility, that God’s virgin think not that it is of herself that she is such, and no

 43. Concerning continence also itself hath it not been most openly said, “And when I knew that no one can be continent unless God give it, this also i

 44. Next let not man, now that he knoweth that by the grace of God he is what he is, fall into another snare of pride, so as by lifting up himself for

 45. Wherefore what shall we say? is there any thought which a virgin of God may truly have, by reason of which she dare not to set herself before a fa

 46. But this is so great, that certain understand it to be the fruit an hundred-fold. For the authority of the Church bears a very conspicuous witness

 47. But, as I had begun to say, whether the fruit an hundred-fold be virginity dedicated to God, or whether we are to understand that interval of frui

 48. What now shall I say concerning the very carefulness and watchfulness against sin? “Who shall boast that he hath a chaste heart? or who shall boas

 49. Wherefore also the virgins of God without blame indeed, “follow the Lamb whithersoever He shall have gone,” both the cleansing of sins being perfe

 50. But, again, lest by occasion of this sentence, any one should sin with deadly security, and should allow himself to be carried away, as though his

 51. But I contend not with those, who assert that a man can in this life live without any sin: I contend not, I gainsay not. For perhaps we take measu

 52. Here some one will say, This is now not to write of virginity, but of humility. As though truly it were any kind of virginity, and not that which

 53. Wherefore this do ye, virgins of God, this do ye: follow ye the Lamb, whithersoever He shall have gone. But first come unto Him, Whom ye are to fo

 54. Lo, already ye are such, as that in the rest of your conduct also ye correspond with the virginity which ye have professed and kept. Lo, already n

 55. If, therefore, ye despise marriages of sons of men, from which to beget sons of men, love ye with your whole heart Him, Who is fair of form above

 56. It is well that He seeks your beauty within, where He hath given unto you power to become daughters of God: He seeks not of you a fair flesh, but

 57. Thus, after our small measure, we have spoken enough both of sanctity, whereby ye are properly called “sanctimoniales,” and of humility, whereby w

42. Wherefore let this be the first thought for the putting on of humility, that God’s virgin think not that it is of herself that she is such, and not rather that this best “gift cometh down from above from the Father of Lights, with Whom is no change nor shadow of motion.”148    James i. 17. [See R.V.] For thus she will not think that little hath been forgiven her, so as for her to love little, and, being ignorant of the righteousness of God, and wishing to establish her own, not to be made subject to the righteousness of God. In which fault was that Simon who was surpassed by the woman, unto whom many sins were forgiven, because she loved much. But she will have more cautious and true thoughts, that we are so to account all sins as though forgiven, from which God keeps us that we commit them not. Witnesses are those expressions of pious prayers in holy Scriptures, whereby it is shown, that those very things, which are commanded by God, are not done save by His Gift and help, Who commands. For there is a falsehood in the asking for them, if we could do them without the help of His grace. What is there so generally and chiefly charged, as obedience whereby the Commandments of God are kept? And yet we find this wished for. “Thou,” saith he, “hast charged, that Thy commandments be greatly kept.” Then it follows, “O that my ways were directed to keep Thy righteousnesses: then shall I not be confounded, whilst I look unto all Thy commandments.”149    Ps. cxix. 4–6 That which he had set down above that God had commanded, that he wished might of himself be fulfilled. This is done assuredly, that there be not sin; but, if there hath been sin, the command is that one repent; lest by defense and excuse of sin he perish through pride, who hath done it, whilst he is unwilling that what he hath done perish through repentance. This also is asked of God, so that it may be understood that it is not done, save by His grant from Whom it is asked. “Set,” saith he, “O Lord, a watch to my mouth, and a door of continence around my lips: let not my heart turn away unto evil words, to make excuses in sins, with men that work unrighteousness.”150    Ps. cxli. 3, 4 If, therefore, both obedience, whereby we keep His commandments, and repentance whereby we excuse not our sins, are wished for and asked, it is plain that, when it is done, it is by His gift that it is possessed, by His help that it is fulfilled, yet more openly is it said by reason of obedience, “By the Lord the steps of a man are directed, and He shall will His way:”151    Ps. xxxvii. 23 and of repentance the Apostle says, “if haply God may grant unto them repentance.”152    2 Tim. ii. 25

CAPUT XLI.

42. Prima humilitatis cogitatio, virginitatem haberi ex Dei dono. Praecepta non fieri nisi eo dante qui praecipit. Obedientia et poenitentia pariter dona Dei. Quapropter haec prima sit induendae humilitatis cogitatio, ne a se sibi putet esse Dei virgo quod talis est, ac non potius hoc donum optimum desuper descendere a Patre luminum, apud quem non 0421 est transmutatio, nec momenti obumbratio (Jacobi I, 17). Ita enim non putabit modicum sibi esse dimissum, ut modicum diligat, et ignorans Dei justitiam, ac suam volens constituere, justitiae Dei non subjiciatur. In quo vitio erat Simon ille, quem superavit mulier cui dimissa sunt peccata multa, quoniam dilexit multum. Sed cautius et verius cogitabit, omnia peccata sic habenda tanquam dimittantur, a quibus Deus custodit ne committantur. Testes sunt voces piarum deprecationum in Scripturis sanctis, quibus ostenditur, ea ipsa quae praecipiuntur a Deo, non fieri nisi dante atque adjuvante qui praecipit. Mendaciter enim petuntur, si ea non adjuvante ejus gratia facere possemus. Quid tam generaliter maximeque praecipitur, quam obedientia qua custodiuntur mandata Dei? Et tamen hanc invenimus optari: Tu, inquit, praecepisti mandata tua custodiri nimis. Deinde sequitur: Utinam dirigantur viae meae, ad custodiendas justificationes tuas: tunc non confundar, dum inspicio in omnia mandata tua (Psal. CXVIII, 4-6). Quod Deum praecepisse supra posuit, hoc ut a se impleretur optavit. Hoc fit utique ne peccetur: quod si peccatum fuerit, praecipitur ut poeniteat; ne defensione et excusatione peccati pereat superbiendo qui fecit, dum non vult poenitendo perire quod fecit. Etiam hoc a Deo petitur, ut intelligatur non fieri, nisi eo praestante a quo petitur. Pone, inquit, Domine, custodiam ori meo, et ostium continentiae circum labia mea: ne declines cor meum in verba maligna, ad excusandum excusationes in peccatis, cum hominibus operantibus iniquitatem (Psal. CXL, 3, 4). Si ergo et obedientia qua ejus mandata servamus, et poenitentia qua peccata nostra non excusamus, sed accusamus, optatur et petitur; manifestum est quia cum fit, illo dante habetur, illo adjuvante completur. Apertius etiam dicitur propter obedientiam, A Domino gressus hominis diriguntur, et viam ejus volet (Psal. XXXVI, 23): et de poenitentia dicit Apostolus, Ne forte det illis Deus poenitentiam (II Tim. II, 25).