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driven out from the land of Egypt by King Pharaoh, whose name was Tethmosis, who, they say, after the expulsion of the people, reigned for twenty-five years and 4 months, as Manetho has related. And after him, Chebron, 13 years. And after him, Amenophis, 20 years, seven months. And after him, his sister Amesse, 21 years, nine months. And after her, Mephres, 12 years, 9 months. And after him, Mephrammou-thosis, 25 years, 10 months. And after him, Tuthmosis, 9 years, 8 months. And after him, Amenophis, 30 years, 10 months. And after him, Oros, 36 years, five months. And his daughter Akencheres, 12 years, 1 month. And after her, Rathotis, 9 years. And after him, Akencheres, 12 years, 5 months. And after him, Akencheres, 12 years, 3 months. And Armais, 4 years, 1 month. And after him, Ramesses, one year, 4 months. And after him, Armesses Miammou, 66 years and 2 months. And after him, Amenophis, 19 years, 6 months. And Sethos and Ramesses, 60 years, who, they say, possessed great cavalry power and a naval force in their own times. The Hebrews, sojourning at that time in the land of Egypt and enslaved by the aforementioned king Tethmo-sis, built for him fortified cities, both Pithom and Rameses and On, which is the City of the Sun; so that the Hebrews are shown to be more ancient than the famous cities of the Egyptians at that time, who are also our forefathers, from whom we also have the sacred books, which are more ancient than all other writers, as we have said before. And the country was called Egypt from king Sethos; for Sethos, they say, is called Aegyptus. And Sethos had a brother whose name was Armais; this one is called Danaus, who came to Argos from Egypt, whom the other writers mention as being very ancient. But Manetho, who wrote much Egyptian nonsense, and moreover spoke blasphemies against both Moses and the Hebrews with him, as if they were cast out of Egypt on account of leprosy, did not manage to state the chronology accurately. For though he called them shepherds and enemies of the Egyptians, he called them shepherds unwillingly, being refuted by the truth; for our forefathers who sojourned in Egypt were indeed shepherds, but not lepers. For when they came to the land called Judea, where they also settled in the meantime, it is shown in what way their priests, by the command of God, attending to the temple, then cured every disease, so that they healed both lepers and every blemish. Solomon the king of Judea built a temple. And that Manetho was mistaken about the chronology is clear from the things said by him; but also about the king who expelled them, whose name was Pharaoh. For he no longer reigned over them; for having pursued the Hebrews with his army, he was drowned in the Red Sea. And moreover, also those whom he said were shepherds had made war

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ἐκβεβλημένους ἀπὸ γῆς Aἰγύπτου ὑπὸ βασιλέως Φαραώ, οὗ τοὔνομα Τέθμωσις, ὅς, φασίν, μετὰ τὴν ἐκβολὴν τοῦ λαοῦ ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη εἴκοσι πέντε καὶ μῆνας δ, ὡς ὑφῄρηται Μαναιθώς. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Χεβρῶν ἔτη ιγ. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀμένωφις ἔτη κ, μῆνας ἑπτά. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον ἡ ἀδελφὴ αὐτοῦ Ἀμέσση ἔτη κα, μῆνας ἐννέα. μετὰ δὲ ταύτην Μήφρης ἔτη ιβ, μῆνας θ. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Μηφραμ- μούθωσις ἔτη κε, μῆνας ι. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Τυθμώσης ἔτη θ, μῆνας η. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ἀμένωφις ἔτη λ, μῆνας ι. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ὠρος ἔτη λϚ, μῆνας πέντε. τούτου δὲ θυγάτηρ Ἀκεγχερὴς ἔτη ιβ, μῆνα α. μετὰ δὲ ταύτην Ῥαθῶτις ἔτη θ. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀκεγχήρης ἔτη ιβ, μῆνας ε. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀκεγχήρης ἔτη ιβ, μῆνας γ. τοῦ δὲ Ἄρμαϊς ἔτη δ, μῆνα α. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ῥαμέσσης ἐνιαυτόν, μῆνας δ. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀρμέσσης Μιαμμοῦ ἔτη ξϚ καὶ μῆνας β. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ἀμένωφις ἔτη ιθ, μῆνας Ϛ. τοῦ δὲ Σέθως καὶ Ῥαμέσσης ἔτη ξ, οὕς φασιν ἐσχηκέναι πολλὴν δύνα- μιν ἱππικῆς καὶ παράταξιν ναυτικῆς κατὰ τοὺς ἰδίους χρόνους. Oἱ μὲν Ἑβραῖοι, κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ παροικήσαντες ἐν γῇ Aἰγύπτῳ καὶ καταδουλωθέντες ὑπὸ βασιλέως ὃς προείρηται Τέθμω- σις, ᾠκοδόμησαν αὐτῷ πόλεις ὀχυράς, τήν τε Πειθὼ καὶ Ῥαμεσσῆ καὶ Ὤν, ἥτις ἐστὶν Ἡλίου πόλις· ὥστε καὶ τῶν πόλεων τῶν τότε ὀνομαστῶν κατ' Aἰγυπτίους δείκνυνται προγενέστεροι οἱ Ἑβραῖοι ὄντες, οἳ καὶ προπάτορες ἡμῶν, ἀφ' ὧν καὶ τὰς ἱερὰς βίβλους ἔχομεν ἀρχαιοτέρας οὔσας ἁπάντων συγγραφέων, καθὼς προειρή- καμεν. Aἴγυπτος δὲ ἡ χώρα ἐκλήθη ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως Σέθως· ὁ γὰρ Σέθως, φασίν, Aἴγυπτος καλεῖται. τῷ δὲ Σέθως ἦν ἀδελφὸς ᾧ ὄνομα Ἄρμαϊς· οὗτος ∆αναὸς κέκληται ὁ εἰς Ἄργος ἀπὸ Aἰγύπτου παραγενόμενος, οὗ μέμνηται οἱ λοιποὶ συγγραφεῖς ὡς πάνυ ἀρχαίου τυγχάνοντος. Μαναιθὼς δὲ ὁ κατ' Aἰγυπτίους πολλὰ φλυαρήσας, ἔτι μὴν καὶ βλάσφημα εἰπὼν εἴς τε Μωσέα καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῷ Ἑβραίους, ὡς δῆθεν διὰ λέπραν ἐκβληθέντας ἐκ τῆς Aἰγύπτου, οὐχ εὗρεν τὸ ἀκριβὲς τῶν χρόνων εἰπεῖν. ποιμένας μὲν γὰρ αὐτοὺς εἰπὼν καὶ πολεμίους Aἰγυπτίων, τὸ μὲν ποιμένας ἄκων εἶπεν, ἐλεγχόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας· ἦσαν γὰρ ὄντως ποιμένες οἱ προπάτορες ἡμῶν, οἱ παροικήσαντες ἐν Aἰγύπτῳ, ἀλλ' οὐ λεπροί. παραγενόμενοι γὰρ εἰς τὴν γῆν τὴν καλουμένην Ἰουδαίαν, ἔνθα καὶ μεταξὺ κατῴκησαν, δηλοῦται ᾧ τρόπῳ οἱ ἱερεῖς αὐτῶν διὰ προστάγματος θεοῦ προσ- καρτεροῦντες τῷ ναῷ, τότε ἐθεράπευον πᾶσαν νόσον ὥστε καὶ λεπρῶντας καὶ πάντα μῶμον ἰῶντο. ναὸν ᾠκοδόμησεν Σολομὼν ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς Ἰουδαίας. Περὶ δὲ τοῦ πεπλανῆσθαι τὸν Μαναιθὼ περὶ τῶν χρόνων ἐκ τῶν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ εἰρημένων δῆλόν ἐστιν· ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως τοῦ ἐκβαλόντος αὐτούς, Φαραὼ τοὔνομα. οὐκέτι γὰρ αὐτῶν ἐβασίλευσεν· καταδιώξας γὰρ Ἑβραίους μετὰ τοῦ στρατεύματος κατεποντίσθη εἰς τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν. ἔτι μὴν καὶ οὓς ἔφη ποιμένας πεπολεμηκέναι