44. Assuredly we ought to admire these men that build cities in words (which cannot subsist in reality), that all but worship majestic tyrannies, and, with all their grave looks, esteem the penny far above their gods,²⁵ some of whom hold that there is no God at all, others that He takes no heed of things here below, but that the universe moves along at random, and by chance; others, that it is guided by the Stars and the dispositions of Necessity, directed I know not by whom, nor from what source; others suppose that the All tends to Pleasure, and that this is the end of human existence; Virtue is to them merely a specious name, nor is there anything beyond the present life, nor any Judgment upon the things done in this life hereafter, to chastise iniquity; for either no one of the wise men amongst them has perceived the truth, but has been entangled in the deep mud (as the saying is) and unillumined gloom of error and ignorance, so as not even to look towards the rays of the Truth, after purifying his intellect; but grovelling in the dirt around things below, and the objects of the senses, and not able to imagine anything superior to the "demons," ²⁶ nor to raise himself up in a manner worthy of Him that made us----or if anyone caught a slight glimpse of it, inasmuch as he used for his guide Reason and not God, he was drawn astray by that which had the most plausible appearance, and which attracted the vulgar by its proximity.

ΜΔʹ. Πῶς δὲ οὐ θαυμάζειν ἄξιον τούτους, οἳ καὶ λόγῳ πλάττουσι πόλεις, τὰς ἔργῳ συστῆναι μὴ δυναμένας, καὶ τὰς σεμνὰς τυραννίδας μονονοὺ προσκυνοῦσι, καὶ τὸν ὀβολὸν ὑπὲρ τοὺς θεοὺς ἄγουσι μετὰ τῆς ὀφρύος: καὶ οἱ μὲν οὐδὲ εἶναι Θεὸν τὸ παράπαν, οἱ δὲ οὐ προνοεῖν τῶν τῇδε δογματίζουσιν, ἀλλ' εἰκῆ καὶ ὡς ἔτυχε τὸ πᾶν φέρεσθαι, οἱ δὲ ἀστράσιν ἄγεσθαι καὶ σχηματισμοῖς ἀνάγκης, οὐκ οἶδ' ὑπὸ τίνος ἀγομένοις καὶ ὅθεν: οἱ δὲ εἰς ἡδονὴν τὸ πᾶν φέρειν, καὶ τοῦτο εἶναι πέρας ζωῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ὑπολαμβάνουσιν; Ἡ ἀρετὴ δὲ αὐτοῖς ἄλλως ὄνομα εὐπρεπὲς, καὶ οὐδὲν τοῦ παρόντος βίου μακρότερον, οὐδέ τις ἐξέτασις τῶν ἐνταῦθα βεβιωμένων ὕστερον τὴν ἀδικίαν συστέλλουσα. Ἢ γὰρ οὐ συνεῖδέ τις ταῦτα τῶν παρ' ἐκείνοις σοφῶν, ἀλλὰ βαθεῖ βορβόρῳ, τὸ δὴ λεγόμενον, καὶ ἀφεγγεῖ ζόφῳ πλάνης καὶ ἀγνοίας συνεκαλύφθη, μηδ' ὅσον προσβλέψαι ταῖς τῆς ἀληθείας αὐγαῖς καθαρθεὶς τὴν διάνοιαν, ἀλλὰ περὶ τὰ κάτω καὶ τὴν αἴσθησιν ἰλυσπώμενος, καὶ μηδὲν ὑπὲρ τοὺς δαίμονας φαντασθῆναι δυνηθεὶς, καὶ διαρθῆναι τοῦ πεποιηκότος ἀξίως: ἢ εἴ τις διέβλεψε καὶ μικρὸν, ὡς ὁδηγῷ λόγῳ, καὶ μὴ Θεῷ χρώμενος, ὑπὸ τοῦ πιθανωτέρου παρεσύρη, καὶ τοῦ μᾶλλον τοὺς πολλοὺς ἕλκοντος δι' ἐγγύτητα.