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have written about our times the writers Manetho the Egyptian and Menander the Ephesian, and also Josephus who recorded the Jewish war that was waged by them under the Romans, let what has been said be sufficient for us. For from these ancient writers it is shown that the writings of the others are more recent than the letters given to us through Moses, and indeed also than the prophets in between; for the later of the prophets, Zacharias by name, flourished during the reign of Darius. But also all the lawgivers are found to have made laws in the intervening period. For if one should mention Solon the Athenian, he lived in the times of the kings Cyrus and Darius, around the time of the aforementioned prophet Zacharias, who lived after a great many years had passed; or also concerning Lycurgus or Draco or Minos the lawgivers, the sacred books precede these in antiquity, since indeed the writings of the divine law given to us through Moses are shown to be earlier even than Zeus who reigned over the Cretans, and indeed also than the Trojan war. But in order that we might make a more accurate demonstration of the seasons and times, with God's help recounting not only the things after the flood but also the things before the flood so that we may state the total number as far as possible, we shall now do so, running back to the very beginning of the creation of the world, which Moses the servant of God wrote down through the Holy Spirit. For having spoken about the creation and generation of the world, of the first-formed man, and of the things that happened next, he also indicated the years that passed before the flood. And I ask grace from the only God, to say all true things accurately according to his will, so that both you and everyone who reads these things may be guided by his truth and grace. I shall begin then first from the recorded genealogies, I mean, making the beginning from the first-formed man. Adam lived 230 years until he begat a son, and his son Seth 205 years, and his son Enos 190 years, and his son Cainan 170 years, and his son Maleleel 165 years, and his son Jared 162 years, and his son Enoch 165 years, and his son Methuselah 167 years, and his son Lamech 188 years. And to him was born a son, the aforementioned Noah, who begat Shem when he was 500 years old. In his time the flood happened, when he was 600 years old. Therefore all the years until the flood come to 2242. And immediately after the flood Shem, being 100 years old, begat Arphaxad, and Arphaxad begat Salah, being 135 years old, and Salah, being 130 years old, begat his son Eber, being 134 years old, from whom also their race was called Hebrews, and his son Peleg, being 130 years old, and his son Reu, being 132 years old, and his son Serug, being 130 years old, and his son Nahor, being 75 years old, and his son Terah, being 70 years old, and his son Abraham our patriarch begat Isaac, being 100 years old. Therefore the total until

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κασιν περὶ τῶν καθ' ἡμᾶς χρόνων οἱ συγγράψαντες Μαναιθὼς ὁ Aἰγύπτιος καὶ ὁ Μένανδρος ὁ Ἐφέσιος, ἔτι δὲ καὶ Ἰώσηππος ὁ ἀναγράψας τὸν Ἰουδαϊκὸν πόλεμον τὸν γενόμενον αὐτοῖς ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων, ἀρκετῶς ἤτω ἡμῖν τὰ εἰρημένα. ἐκ γὰρ τούτων τῶν ἀρχαίων δείκνυται καὶ τὰ τῶν λοιπῶν συγγράμματα ἔσχατα εἶναι τῶν διὰ Μωσέως ἡμῖν δεδομένων γραμμάτων, ἔτι μὴν καὶ τῶν μεταξὺ προφητῶν· ὁ γὰρ ὕστερος τῶν προφητῶν γενόμενος Ζαχαρίας ὀνόματι ἤκμασεν κατὰ τὴν ∆αρείου βασιλείαν. Ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ νομοθέται πάντες μεταξὺ εὑρίσκονται νομοθετοῦντες. εἰ γάρ τις εἴποι Σόλωνα τὸν Ἀθηναῖον, οὗτος γέγονεν κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους Κύρου καὶ ∆αρείου τῶν βασιλέων, κατὰ τὸν χρόνον Ζαχαρίου τοῦ προειρημένου προφήτου, μεταξὺ γεγενημένου πάνυ πολλοῖς ἔτεσιν· ἤτοι καὶ περὶ Λυκούργου ἢ ∆ράκοντος ἢ Μίνω τῶν νομο- θετῶν, τούτων ἀρχαιότητι προάγουσιν αἱ ἱεραὶ βίβλοι, ὅπου γε καὶ τοῦ ∆ιὸς τοῦ Κρητῶν βασιλεύσαντος, ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τοῦ Ἰλιακοῦ πολέμου δείκνυται προάγοντα τὰ γράμματα τοῦ θείου νόμου τοῦ διὰ Μωσέως ἡμῖν δεδομένου. Ἵνα δὲ ἀκριβεστέραν ποιήσωμεν τὴν ἀπόδειξιν τῶν καιρῶν καὶ χρόνων, θεοῦ ἡμῖν παρέχοντος οὐ μόνον τὰ μετὰ κατακλυσμὸν ἱστοροῦντες ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ πρὸ κατακλυσμοῦ εἰς τὸ καὶ τῶν ἁπάντων κατὰ τὸ δυνατὸν εἰπεῖν ἡμῖν τὸν ἀριθμόν, νυνὶ ποιησόμεθα, ἀνα- δραμόντες ἐπὶ τὴν ἀνέκαθεν ἀρχὴν τῆς τοῦ κόσμου κτίσεως, ἣν ἀνέ- γραψεν Μωσῆς ὁ θεράπων τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου. εἰπὼν γὰρ τὰ περὶ κτίσεως καὶ γενέσεως κόσμου, τοῦ πρωτοπλάστου ἀνθρώπου, καὶ τὰ τῶν ἑξῆς γεγενημένων, ἐσήμανεν καὶ τὰ πρὸ κατακλυσμοῦ ἔτη γενόμενα. ἐγὼ δ' αἰτοῦμαι χάριν παρὰ τοῦ μόνου θεοῦ, εἰς τὸ τἀληθῆ κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ πάντα ἀκριβῶς εἰπεῖν, ὅπως καὶ σὺ καὶ πᾶς ὁ τούτοις ἐντυγχάνων ὁδηγῆται ὑπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ χάριτος αὐτοῦ. ἄρξομαι δὴ πρῶτον ἀπὸ τῶν ἀναγεγραμμένων γενεαλογιῶν, λέγω δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ πρωτοπλάστου ἀνθρώπου τὴν ἀρχὴν ποιησάμενος. Ἀδὰμ ἕως οὗ ἐτέκνωσεν ἔζησεν ἔτη σλ, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Σὴθ ἔτη σε, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Ἐνῶς ἔτη ρ%, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Καϊνὰν ἔτη ρο, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Μαλελεὴλ ἔτη ρξε, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Ἰάρεθ ἔτη ρξβ, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Ἐνὼχ ἔτη ρξε, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Μαθουσάλα ἔτη ρξζ, υἱὸς δὲ τούτου Λάμεχ ἔτη ρπη. τούτῳ δὲ υἱὸς ἐγενήθη ὁ προειρημένος Νῶε, ὃς ἐτέκνωσεν τὸν Σὴμ ὢν ἐτῶν φ. ἐπὶ τούτου ἐγένετο ὁ κατακλυσμὸς ὄντος αὐτοῦ ἐτῶν χ. τὰ πάντα οὖν μέχρι κατακλυσμοῦ γεγένηται ἔτη βσμβ. Μετὰ δὲ τὸν κατακλυσμὸν εὐθέως ὁ Σὴμ ὢν ἐτῶν ρ ἐτέκνωσεν τὸν Ἀρφαξάθ, Ἀρφαξὰθ δὲ ἐτέκνωσεν Σαλὰ ὢν ἐτῶν ρλε, ὁ δὲ Σαλὰ ἐτέκνωσεν ὢν ἐτῶν ρλ, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Ἕβερ ὢν ἐτῶν ρλδ, ἀφ' οὗ καὶ τὸ γένος αὐτῶν Ἑβραῖοι προσηγορεύθησαν, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Φαλὲγ ὢν ἐτῶν ρλ, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Ῥαγαῦ ὢν ἐτῶν ρλβ, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Σεροὺχ ὢν ἐτῶν ρλ, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Ναχὼρ ὢν ἐτῶν οε, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Θάρρα ὢν ἐτῶν ο, τούτου δὲ υἱὸς Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατρι- άρχης ἡμῶν ἐτέκνωσεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ ὢν ἐτῶν ρ. Γίνονται οὖν μέχρι