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Israel, wherefore both it and the old law pertaining to it were scattered in the wrath of God. But the second people represented the new Israel according to Christ, wherefore it also reverently received the second tablets in the glory of Moses' face, and having placed these, incorruptible, in the ark of the testimony, it kept them. That from the cattle the ox and the sheep and the goat, as being tame and clean and figuring the image of the sheep of Christ, have been taken for sacrifice and burnt offering by the law, and from the birds only the turtledove and the pigeon, the one as loving-purity and quiet-loving, the other as loving-each-other and man-loving, and both as being clean and innocent and characterizing the qualities of holy souls, have been chosen and taken for sacrifice and burnt offering by the law.

1.137 That some say the Red Sea was cut into twelve sections, just as the great Chrysostom also says, providing a separate passage for each tribe, while others say into one, because Moses had given one blow to the sea. that when the Israelites came out of the sea, the sea, having cast them out, delivered the Egyptians dead to them; whom they, having despoiled, made into mounds, and the earth, opening, swallowed them, according to what is said, "You stretched out your right hand, the earth swallowed them." And coming to Elim they found twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, which were types of Christ's disciples, the twelve springs of the twelve leaders, and the seventy palm trees of their students, with whom, having watered the inhabited world, they rained down upon the world the sweet and solid food of the knowledge of God. And the manna given to them was gathered equally by all, both the strong and the weak; for however much the strong desired to gather, a gomor was gathered, which is thirty-two and a half ounces, and for the one who was lazy a gomor was gathered. And if it was kept until the next day, it was destroyed by worms, except on the Sabbaths; for what was gathered on the preparation day was also kept unharmed on the Sabbath. And this was a type signifying the incorruptibility of the Lord's body at the time of the burial, having suffered physically by the cross and nails and lance in like manner as we, but having not at all undergone corruption and dissolution. 1.138 The manna also prefigures the all-holy Mother of God and the life according to virtue. This manna the Hebrews ate in the desert for forty years; for the whole journey of the exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt, from Kadesh-barnea to the valley of Zared, though not being more than fifty days, was accomplished by them, as they were made to wander by God, in 38 years. That when the Israelites were warring against Amalek through Jesus son of Nave, who before this was called Nauses, Moses stretched out his hands in the form of a cross, and Israel prevailed over Amalek. But when, growing weary, he let them down, Amalek prevailed. Then Aaron and Hur, having placed rocks under his hands, supported him until the setting of the sun. Wherefore Jesus also routed Amalek, killing him with the sword. That Phoroneus, the son of Inachus and Niobe, is said to have been the first among the Greeks to establish laws and courts. And Crete was named after a certain Cretos who ruled there. That Scythopolis was formerly called Bashan. Thus far the Pentateuch contains history and deeds from Adam for three thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven years. That from the new grain the holy city brings forth the holy pascha, the offering in the divine mystagogy. That the entire construction of the ark and the vestment of the priest and of all things in it, both of the buckle, which is a fibula 1.139 or pin, and of the breastplate, which lay upon the chest of the high priest with twelve stones, signifying good things by their brightness and terrible things by their darkening, Moses beheld with his own eyes on Mount Sinai, and according to these things he built the ark and the things in it. Then he also received the first tablets, and heard God being angry and saying, "Let me

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Ἰσραήλ, διὸ καὶ ἐν ὀργῇ θεοῦ καὶ αὐτὸς καὶ ὁ πρὸς αὐτὸν παλαιὸς διεσκεδάσθη νόμος. ὁ λαὸς δὲ ὁ δεύ τερος τὸν νέον καὶ κατὰ Χριστὸν εἰκόνιζεν Ἰσραήλ, διὸ καὶ ἐν δόξῃ τοῦ προσώπου Μωϋσέως τὰς δευτέρας εὐλαβῶς ὑπεδέδεκτο πλάκας, καὶ ταύτας ἀφθάρτους ἐν τῇ τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἀποθέμενος ἐφύλαξε κιβωτῷ. Ὅτι ἀπὸ μὲν τῶν κτηνῶν ὁ βοῦς καὶ τὸ πρόβατον καὶ τὸ αἰγίδιον, ὡς ἥμερα καὶ καθαρὰ καὶ εἰκόνα τῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ τυ ποῦντα προβάτων, εἰς θυσίαν καὶ ὁλοκαύτωσιν τῷ νόμῳ παρεί ληπται, ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν πτηνῶν μόνα τρυγὼν καὶ περιστερά, τὸ μὲν ὡς φίλαγνον καὶ φιλήσυχον, τὸ δὲ ὡς φιλάλληλον καὶ φιλάνθρω πον, καὶ ἄμφω ὡς καθαρὰ καὶ ἀκέραια καὶ ἁγίων ψυχῶν ἰδιότη τας χαρακτηρίζοντα, εἰς θυσίαν καὶ ὁλοκαύτωσιν τῷ νόμῳ ἐξεί λεκται καὶ παρείληπται.

1.137 Ὅτι τὴν ἐρυθρὰν οἱ μὲν εἰς δώδεκα τομὰς λέγουσι κοπῆναι, καθὼς καὶ ὁ μέγας Χρυσόστομος ἑκάστῃ φυλῇ λέγει δίοδον ἰδίαν παρεχομένην, οἱ δὲ εἰς μίαν διὰ τὸ μίαν πληγὴν τὸν Μωϋσῆν τῇ θαλάσσῃ δεδωκέναι. ὅτι τῶν Ἰσραηλιτῶν τῆς θαλάσσης ἐξελθόν των τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ἡ θάλασσα ἐκβράσασα νεκροὺς αὐτοῖς παρα δίδωσιν· οὓς καὶ σκυλεύσαντες βουνοὺς πεποιήκασιν, καὶ ἡ γῆ χάνασα τούτους κατέπιε, κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον "ἐξέτεινας τὴν δεξιάν σου, κατέπιεν αὐτοὺς γῆ." ἐλθόντες δὲ εἰς Ἐλὴμ εὗρον δεκαδύο πηγὰς ὑδάτων καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα στελέχη φοινίκων, οἵτινες ἦσαν τύποι τῶν Χριστοῦ μαθητῶν, αἱ μὲν δώδεκα πηγαὶ τῶν δεκαδύο κορυφαίων, οἱ δὲ ἑβδομήκοντα φοίνικες τῶν τούτων φοιτητῶν, μεθ' ὧν τὴν οἰκουμένην ποτίσαντες τὴν γλυκεῖαν καὶ στερεὰν τρο φὴν τῆς θεογνωσίας τῷ κόσμῳ ἐπώμβρησαν. τὸ δὲ μάννα αὐτοῖς δοθὲν πᾶσιν ἴσον συνήγετο, καὶ δυνατῷ καὶ ἀσθενεῖ· ὁπόσον γὰρ τῷ ἰσχυρῷ προεθυμήθη συναχθῆναι, γομὸρ συνήγετο, ὅπερ ἐστὶν οὐγγίαι τριακονταδύο ἥμισυ, καὶ τῷ καταρραθυμήσαντι γομὸρ συνήγετο. καὶ εἰ εἰς τὴν αὔριον ἐφυλάχθη, διὰ σκωληκῶν ἐφθεί ρετο, ἐκτὸς τῶν σαββάτων· τὸ γὰρ τῇ παρασκευῇ συναγόμενον καὶ τῷ σαββάτῳ διεφυλάττετο ἀβλαβές. τύπος δὲ ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἀδιάφθορον δηλῶν τοῦ δεσποτικοῦ σώματος κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς ταφῆς, σταυρῷ μὲν καὶ ἥλοις καὶ λόγχῃ φυσικῶς πεπονθὸς ὁμοιο παθῶς ἡμῖν, διαφθορὰς δὲ καὶ διάλυσιν μηδ' ὅλως ὑπομεμενη 1.138 κός. προτυποῖ δὲ τὸ μάννα καὶ τὴν πάναγνον θεομήτορα καὶ τὸν κατ' ἀρετὴν βίον. τοῦτο τὸ μάννα ἔφαγον Ἑβραῖοι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη· καὶ γὰρ ἡ πᾶσα ὁδὸς τῆς ἀπὸ Αἰγύπτου ἐξε λεύσεως τῶν Ἑβραίων, ἀπὸ Κάδδης βαρνῆ ἕως φάραγγος Σαρέθ, μὴ οὖσα πλέον τῶν πεντήκοντα ἡμερῶν, αὐτοῖς καταρεμβομένοις ὑπὸ θεοῦ, ἐν ληʹ χρόνοις διήνυσται. Ὅτι πολεμούντων τῶν Ἰσραηλιτῶν τὸν Ἀμαλὴκ διὰ Ἰησοῦτοῦ Ναυῆ, ὃς πρὸ τούτου Ναύσης ἐκαλεῖτο, Μωϋσῆς τὰς χεῖρας σταυροειδῶς ἐξέτεινε, καὶ ἐκράτησεν ὁ Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ Ἀμαλήκ. ἐπὰν δὲ ἀτονήσας καθῆκεν αὐτάς, ἐκράτει ὁ Ἀμαλήκ. τότε Ἀαρὼν καὶ Ὢρ ὑποθέντες ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ πέτρας ἐφύλαξαν αὐτὸν ἕως δύσεως ἡλίου. ὅθεν καὶ κατετροπώσατο Ἰησοῦς τὸν Ἀμαλήκ, ἀποκτείνας αὐτὸν μαχαίρᾳ. Ὅτι Φορωνεὺς ὁ παῖς Ἰνάχου καὶ Νιόβης πρῶτος λέγεται παρ' Ἕλλησι νόμους καὶ κριτήρια θέσθαι. ἡ δὲ Κρήτη ἀπὸ Κρητός τινος ἄρξαντος ἐκεῖσε ὠνόμασται. Ὅτι ἡ Σκυθόπολις Βασὰν ἐλέγετο πρότερον. Ἕως ὧδε ἡ πεντάβιβλος περιέχει ἱστορίαν τε καὶ πρᾶξιν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἐτῶν τρισχιλίων ὀκτακοσίων ἑξηκονταεπτά. Ὅτι ἀπὸ τοῦ νέου σίτου προφέρει ἡ ἁγία πόλις τὸ ἅγιον πάσχα, τὴν προσφορὰν ἐν τῇ θείᾳ μυσταγωγίᾳ. Ὅτι τὴν κατασκευὴν τῆς κιβωτοῦ πᾶσαν καὶ τὴν στολὴν τοῦ ἱερέως καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ πάντων, τῆς τε πόρπης, ἥτις ἐστὶ φίβλα 1.139 ἢ περόνη, καὶ τοῦ λογείου, ὅπερ ἔκειτο ἐπὶ τοῦ στήθους τοῦ ἀρ χιερέως διὰ δώδεκα λίθων, σημαινόντων διὰ μὲν τῆς αὐγῆς τὰ χρηστὰ διὰ δὲ τῆς ἐπισκοτώσεως τὰ δεινά, εἰς τὸ Σινᾶ ὄρος ὀφθαλμοφανῶς ἐθεάσατο Μωϋσῆς, καὶ κατὰ ταῦτα ᾠκοδόμησεν τὴν κιβωτὸν καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ. τότε καὶ τὰς πλάκας τὰς πρώτας ἔλαβε, καὶ τοῦ θεοῦ ἤκουσεν ὀργιζομένου καὶ λέγοντος "ἔασόν