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he says, blameless and harmless, that is, without rebuke, sincere; for murmuring brings no small stain. But what is, Without reasonings? Is it good, is it not good? Do not reason, he says, even if there is pain, even if there is labor, even if there is anything at all. He did not say, That you may not be punished; for punishment is laid up for the matter; and this he showed in the Epistle to the Corinthians; but here he said nothing of the sort, but, That you may be, he says, blameless and harmless, the sons of God, without rebuke, in the midst of a crooked and perverse nation, among whom you shine as lights in the world, holding forth the word of life; that I may rejoice in the day of Christ. Do you see that he instructs them not to murmur? So murmuring belongs to ungrateful and senseless servants. For what son, tell me, who labors in his father's house, and labors for himself, murmurs? Consider, he says, that you labor for yourself, that you gather for yourself. It is their custom to murmur, when they labor for others, when they toil for others. But he who gathers for himself, why does he murmur? That his wealth does not increase? But this is not so. He who acts willingly and not by constraint, why does he murmur? It is better to do nothing, than with mur 62.242 muring; for even that which is done is lost. Or do you not see, that even in our own houses we always say these things, It is better that these things not be done, than with murmuring? and often we have chosen to be deprived of our service, than to endure a murmurer? For murmuring is a terrible, terrible thing; it is near to blasphemy; since for what reason did those men pay such a penalty? The matter is ingratitude. The murmurer is ungrateful to God; but he who is ungrateful to God, is then a blasphemer. For especially then there were continual temptations, and successive dangers, no rest, no relaxation, ten thousand terrible things flowed in from all sides; but now there is deep peace, now ease. 3. For what then do you murmur? Because you are poor? But consider Job. But that you are sick? What then, if you were sick, conscious of so many good things and righteous deeds for yourself, as many as that holy man? Consider him again, that he for a long time swarmed with worms, and sitting upon the dunghill, and continued scraping the discharge; For after a long time had passed, he says, his wife said to him: How long will you hold out, saying, I will wait a little longer? speak some word to the Lord, and die. But did your child die? What then, if you lost them all, and by a miserable death, like him? For you know, you know that it is a great comfort to sit beside one who is sick, to kiss his lips, to close his eyes, to touch his beard, to hear his last words. But the just man was deemed worthy of none of these things, but all were buried together. And why do I say these things? if you had been commanded to slaughter your son yourself and to sacrifice him and see him burned, like that blessed patriarch, what would you have done? But who then was he, building the altar, placing the wood, binding the child? But do some reproach you? What would you be then, if you heard these things from friends who had come to comfort you? For now we have many sins, and are rightly reproached; but then that true, just, godly man, who abstained from every evil thing, heard the opposite of these things from his friends. But what, tell me, if you heard your wife reproaching you, saying, I am a wanderer and a servant, going from place to place, and from house to house, waiting for the sun when it will set, and I shall rest from the pains which encompass me? Why do you say these things, O foolish one? For is your husband the cause of these things to you? Not he, but the devil. Speak some word to the Lord, she says, and die. Then, if he who lies there speaks and dies, have you become more at ease? There is no sickness more grievous than that, even if you say it ten thousand times. She was such, as not even

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φησὶν, ἄμεμπτοι καὶ ἀκέραιοι, τουτέστιν, ἄληπτοι, εἰλικρινεῖς· οὐ μικρὰν γὰρ προσάγει κηλῖδα ὁ γογγυσμός. Τί δέ ἐστι, Χωρὶς διαλογισμῶν; ἆρα καλὸν, ἆρα οὐ καλόν; Μὴ διαλογίζεσθε φησὶ, κἂν πόνος ᾖ, κἂν κάματος ᾖ, κἂν ὁτιοῦν. Οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἵνα μὴ κολασθῆτε· κόλασις γὰρ ἀπόκειται τῷ πράγματι· καὶ τοῦτο ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κορινθίους ἐδήλωσεν Ἐπιστολῇ· ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον εἶπεν, ἀλλ', Ἵνα γένησθε, φησὶν, ἄμεμπτοι καὶ ἀκέραιοι, τέκνα Θεοῦ ἀμώμητα ἐν μέσῳ γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς καὶ διεστραμμένης, ἐν οἷς φαίνεσθε, ὡς φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ, λόγον ζωῆς ἐπέχοντες, εἰς καύχημα ἐμοὶ εἰς ἡμέραν Χριστοῦ. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι παιδεύει τούτους μὴ γογγύζειν; Ὥστε δούλων ἀγνωμόνων καὶ ἀναισθήτων τὸ γογγύζειν. Ποῖος γὰρ, εἰπέ μοι, υἱὸς ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πατρὸς πονῶν, καὶ ἑαυτῷ πονῶν γογγύζει; Ἐννόησον, φησὶν, ὅτι σαυτῷ πονεῖς, ὅτι σαυτῷ συνάγεις. Ἐκείνων ἴδιον τὸ γογγύζειν ἐστὶν, ὅταν ἑτέροις πονῶσιν, ὅταν ἑτέροις κάμνωσιν. Ὁ δὲ ἑαυτῷ συλλέγων, τίνος ἕνεκεν γογγύζει; ὅτι ὁ πλοῦτος αὐτοῦ οὐκ αὔξεται; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο. Ὁ ἑκοντὶ καὶ μὴ κατ' ἀνάγκην ποιῶν, τίνος ἕνεκεν γογγύζει; Βέλτιον μηδὲν ἐργάσασθαι, ἢ μετὰ γογ 62.242 γυσμοῦ· ἀπόλλυται γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ γινόμενον. Ἢ οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὅτι καὶ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις ταῖς ἡμετέραις ταῦτα λέγομεν ἀεὶ, Βέλτιον ταῦτα μὴ γίνεσθαι, ἢ μετὰ γογγυσμοῦ; καὶ πολλάκις εἱλόμεθα τῆς διακονίας ἀποστερηθῆναι τῆς ἡμετέρας, ἢ γογγύζοντος ἀνασχέσθαι; ∆εινὸν γὰρ, δεινὸν ὁ γογγυσμός· ἐγγὺς βλασφημίας ἐστίν· ἐπεὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν τοσαύτην ἐκεῖνοι ἔδωκαν δίκην; Ἀχαριστία τὸ πρᾶγμά ἐστιν. Ὁ γογγύζων ἀχαριστεῖ τῷ Θεῷ· ὁ δὲ ἀχαριστῶν τῷ Θεῷ, ἄρα βλάσφημος. Μάλιστα μὲν γὰρ τότε πειρασμοὶ συνεχεῖς ἦσαν, καὶ ἐπάλληλοι κίνδυνοι, οὐδεμία ἀνάπαυσις, οὐδεμία ἄνεσις, μυρία πάντοθεν ἐπέῤῥει δεινά· νῦν δὲ εἰρήνη βαθεῖα, νῦν εὐμάρεια. γʹ. Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν γογγύζεις; ὅτι πένῃ; Ἀλλ' ἐννόει τὸν Ἰώβ. Ἀλλ' ὅτι νοσεῖς; Τί οὖν, εἰ τοσαῦτα συνειδὼς ἀγαθὰ σαυτῷ καὶ κατορθώματα, ὅσα ὁ ἅγιος ἐκεῖνος, ἐνόσησας; Ἐννόει πάλιν ἐκεῖνον, ὅτι ἐκεῖνος ἐπὶ πολὺν χρόνον σκώληκας βρύων, καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς κοπρίας καθήμενος, καὶ τὸν ἰχῶρα ξέων διετέλει· Χρόνου γὰρ, φησὶ, πολλοῦ παρῳχηκότος, εἶπε πρὸς αὐτὸν ἡ γυνή· Μέχρι τίνος καρτερήσεις λέγων, Ἀναμένω χρόνον ἔτι μικρόν; εἰπόν τι ῥῆμα πρὸς Κύριον, καὶ τελεύτα. Ἀλλὰ παῖς σου ἀπέθανε; Τί οὖν, εἰ πάντας ἀπέβαλες, καὶ θανάτῳ πονηρῷ, ὥσπερ ἐκεῖνος; Ἴστε γὰρ, ἴστε ὅτι πολλὴν ἔχει παραμυθίαν τὸ παρακαθῆσθαι νοσοῦντι, τὸ συμβαλεῖν στόμα, τὸ μύσαι ὀφθαλμοὺς, τὸ ἅψασθαι γενειάδος, τὸ τὰ τελευταῖα ἀκοῦσαι ῥήματα. Ἀλλ' οὐδενὸς τούτων ἠξιώθη ὁ δίκαιος, ἀλλὰ πάντες ὁμοῦ κατεχώσθησαν. Καὶ τί ταῦτα λέγω; εἰ προσετάγης αὐτὸς σφάξαι τὸν υἱόν σου καὶ καταθῦσαι καὶ καυθέντα ἰδεῖν, καθάπερ ὁ μακάριος ἐκεῖνος ὁ πατριάρχης, τί ἂν ἐποίησας; Ἐκεῖνος δὲ τίς ἄρα ἦν τὸ θυσιαστήριον οἰκοδομῶν, τὰ ξύλα ἐπιτιθεὶς, συμποδίζων τὸ παιδίον; Ἀλλ' ὀνειδίζουσί σέ τινες; Τίς ἂν οὖν ἦς, εἰ παρὰ φίλων ἐπὶ παραμυθίαν ἡκόντων ἤκουες ταῦτα; Νῦν μὲν γὰρ ἁμαρτήματα ἔχομεν πολλὰ, καὶ ὀνειδιζόμεθα εἰκότως· τότε δὲ ἐκεῖνος ὁ ἀληθινὸς, ὁ δίκαιος, ὁ θεοσεβὴς, ὁ ἀπεχόμενος ἀπὸ παντὸς πονηροῦ πράγματος, τἀναντία τούτων ἤκουε παρὰ τῶν φίλων. Τί δὲ, εἰπέ μοι, εἰ τῆς γυναικὸς ὀνειδιζούσης ἤκουες λεγούσης, Ἐγὼ πλανῆτις καὶ λάτρις, τόπον ἐκ τόπου, καὶ οἰκίαν ἐξ οἰκίας περιερχομένη, προσδεχομένη τὸν ἥλιον πότε δύσει, καὶ ἀναπαύσομαι τῶν περιεχουσῶν με ὀδυνῶν; Τίνος ἕνεκεν ταῦτα λέγεις, ὦ ἀνόητε; μὴ γὰρ ὁ ἀνήρ σοι τούτων αἴτιος; Οὐχ οὗτος, ἀλλ' ὁ διάβολος. Εἰπόν τι ῥῆμα πρὸς Κύριον, φησὶ, καὶ τελεύτα. Εἶτα, ἂν ὁ κείμενος εἴπῃ καὶ τελευτήσῃ, σὺ ῥᾴων γέγονας; Οὐκ ἔστι νόσος ἐκείνης χαλεπωτέρα, κἂν μυριάκις εἴπῃς. Τοιαύτη ἦν, ὡς μηδὲ