49

For the sickness is not a matter of choice, but of nature alone; but he who lives in wickedness, from where will he be forgiven? From where, then, is wickedness? from where are the majority evil? From where, you ask? you tell me, from where is the evil of sicknesses? from where is frenzy? from where is deep sleep? Is it not from inattention? If physical sicknesses have their beginning from choice, much more so do things of the will. From where is drunkenness? Is it not from lack of self-control of the soul? Is not frenzy from an excess of fever? And is not the fever from an abundance of elements in us? And is not the excess of elements in us from inattention? For whenever, either by deficiency or by excess, we lead something in us to immoderation, we kindle that fire. Again, if, when the flame is lit, we persist in contempt, we build a pyre against ourselves, which we are not even able to extinguish. Thus it is also in the case of wickedness; whenever we do not hinder it at its beginning, nor cut it out, we are no longer able to reach the end, but it becomes greater than our strength. Therefore, I beseech you, let us do all things, so as never to doze off. Do you not see the guards, that often by giving themselves a little to sleep, they gained nothing from their long watch? for through that little bit they ruined everything, giving great license to one who wished to steal. For just as we do not see the thieves in the same way they see us; so also the devil, most of all, stands over and lies in wait, and gnashes his teeth. Let us not doze off, therefore; let us not say, because of this, nothing, because of that, nothing. From where we did not expect, we were often plundered. So it is also with wickedness; from where we did not expect, we were destroyed. Let us look around at everything accurately, let us not be drunk, and we will not be drowsy; let us not live luxuriously, and we will not fall asleep; let us not be mad for external things, and we will remain in sobriety. Let us regulate ourselves from every side. And just as for those walking on a taut rope it is not possible to be careless even a little; for that little bit produces a great evil; for having turned aside he was immediately brought down and destroyed; so it is not possible for us to be careless. We walk a narrow path confined by cliffs on both sides, not admitting two feet at once. Do you see how much precision we need? Do you not see those who travel roads with cliffs on both sides, how they secure not only their feet, but also their eyes? For if it seems to him to pay attention to something else, even if his foot stands firmly, the eye, becoming dizzy from the depth, brings the whole thing down. But one must pay attention to oneself, and to one's walking; for this reason it says, Neither to the right, nor to the left. Great is the depth of wickedness, large are the cliffs, much darkness is below, narrow is the road; let us pay attention with fear, let us walk about with trembling. No one traveling such a road is dissolved in laughter, nor 62.453 is he weighed down with drunkenness, but travels such a road in sobriety and attentiveness; no one traveling such a road carries anything superfluous; for it is a desirable thing to be able to run through it well-girded; no one fetters his own feet, but leaves them unencumbered. 5. But we, binding ourselves with countless cares, and carrying countless burdens of this life, gaping and dissolute, how do we expect to walk the narrow road? He did not simply say that it is narrow, but with wonder: How narrow is the road; that is, very narrow. This we also do in the case of things greatly wondered at. And again, Afflicted, he says, is the road that leads to life. And well did he say narrow. For when we must be accountable for words and thoughts and actions and all things, it is truly narrow. But we make it narrower, by broadening ourselves and widening ourselves and letting our feet go unrestrained. For the narrow way is difficult for everyone, but especially for one who is fattened, whereas he who wastes himself away will not even feel the narrowness; so that he who has practiced being afflicted will not even be vexed at being pressed. Therefore, let us not with

49

οὐ γάρ ἐστι προαιρέσεως τὸ νόσημα, ἀλλὰ φύσεως μόνης· ὁ δὲ ἐν κακίᾳ διάγων, πόθεν συγγνωσθήσεται; Πόθεν, οὖν ἡ κακία; πόθεν οἱ πλείους κακοί; Πόθεν, ἐρωτᾷς; εἰπέ μοι σὺ, πόθεν ἡ κακία τῶν νοσημάτων; πόθεν φρενῖτις; πόθεν ὕπνος βαρύς; οὐχὶ ἐξ ἀπροσεξίας; Εἰ τὰ φυσικὰ νοσήματα ἀπὸ προαιρέσεως ἔχει τὴν ἀρχὴν, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τὰ προαιρετικά. Ἡ μέθη πόθεν; οὐχὶ ἐξ ἀκρασίας ψυχῆς; ἡ φρενῖτις οὐχὶ ἀπὸ ὑπερβολῆς πυρετοῦ; ὁ δὲ πυρετὸς οὐχὶ ἀπὸ πλεοναζόντων ἐν ἡμῖν στοιχείων; ἡ πλεονεξία δὲ τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν στοιχείων οὐχὶ ἐξ ἀπροσεξίας; Ὅταν γὰρ ἢ ἐνδείᾳ, ἢ πλεονεξίᾳ εἰς ἀμετρίαν τι τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν ἐξαγάγωμεν, ἀνάπτομεν ἐκεῖνο τὸ πῦρ. Πάλιν, ἂν τῆς φλογὸς ἁφθείσης, ἐπιμένωμεν καταφρονοῦντες, καθ' ἑαυτῶν ἐργαζόμεθα πυρὰν, ἣν οὐδὲ σβέσαι δυνάμεθα. Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς κακίας γίνεται· ὅταν ἀρξαμένην αὐτὴν μὴ κωλύωμεν, μηδὲ ἐκκόπτωμεν, οὐδὲ ἐφικέσθαι δυνάμεθα τοῦ τέλους λοιπὸν, ἀλλὰ μείζων γίνεται τῆς ἡμετέρας ἰσχύος. ∆ιὸ, παρακαλῶ, πάντα πράττωμεν, ὥστε μηδέποτε ἀπονυστάξαι. Οὐχ ὁρᾶτε τοὺς φύλακας, ὅτι πολλάκις μικρὸν ἑαυτοὺς δόντες τῷ ὕπνῳ, οὐδὲν ἀπώναντο τῆς πολλῆς φυλακῆς; δι' ἐκείνου γὰρ τοῦ μικροῦ τὸ πᾶν διέφθειραν, τῷ βουλομένῳ κλέψαι πολλὴν δόντες τὴν ἄδειαν. Καθάπερ γὰρ οὐχ οὕτως ἡμεῖς τοὺς κλέπτας ὁρῶμεν, ὡς ἐκεῖνοι ἡμᾶς ὁρῶσιν· οὕτω καὶ ὁ διάβολος μάλιστα πάντων ἐφέστηκε καὶ ἐνεδρεύει, καὶ τρίζει τοὺς ὀδόντας. Μὴ νυστάξωμεν τοίνυν· μὴ εἴπωμεν, παρὰ τοῦτο οὐδὲν, παρ' ἐκεῖνο οὐδέν. Ὅθεν οὐ προσεδοκήσαμεν, πολλάκις ἐσυλήθημεν. Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ κακίας· ὅθεν οὐ προσεδοκήσαμεν, ἀπωλόμεθα. Πάντα περισκοπῶμεν ἀκριβῶς, μὴ μεθυσκώμεθα, καὶ οὐχ ὑπνώσομεν· μὴ τρυφῶμεν, καὶ οὐ καθευδήσομεν· μὴ μαινώμεθα πρὸς τὰ ἔξω, καὶ ἐν νήψει διατελέσομεν. Ῥυθμίζωμεν ἑαυτοὺς πάντοθεν. Καὶ καθάπερ ἐπὶ σχοίνου τεταμένης βαδίζοντας οὐκ ἔνι ῥᾳθυμῆσαι οὐδὲ μικρόν· τὸ γὰρ μικρὸν μέγα ἐργάζεται κακόν· περιτραπεὶς γὰρ εὐθέως κατηνέχθη καὶ ἀπώλετο· οὕτως οὐδὲ ἡμᾶς δυνατὸν ῥᾳθυμεῖν. Στενὴν βαδίζομεν ὁδὸν ὑπὸ κρημνῶν ἑκατέρωθεν ἀπειλημμένην, ὁμοῦ δύο πόδας οὐ δεχομένην. Ὁρᾷς πόσης ἡμῖν ἀκριβείας δεῖ; Οὐχ ὁρᾷς τοὺς τὰς ἀμφικρήμνους ὁδοιποροῦντας ὁδοὺς, πῶς οὐ τοὺς πόδας ἀσφαλίζονται μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς; Ἂν γὰρ δόξῃ ἑτέρωθι προσέχειν αὐτὸν, κἂν ὁ ποῦς βεβαίως ἑστήκῃ, ἰλιγγιάσας ἀπὸ τοῦ βάθους ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς τὸ πᾶν κατήνεγκεν. Ἀλλ' ἑαυτῷ δεῖ προσέχειν, καὶ τῇ βαδίσει· διὰ τοῦτό φησι. Μήτε δεξιὰ, μήτε ἀριστερά. Πολὺς ὁ βυθὸς τῆς κακίας ἐστὶ, μεγάλοι οἱ κρημνοὶ, πολὺ κάτω σκότος, στενὴ ἡ ὁδός· προσέχωμεν μετὰ φόβου, μετὰ τρόμου περιπατῶμεν. Οὐδεὶς τοιαύτην ὁδεύων ὁδὸν, ἐκκέχυται γέλωτι, οὐδὲ 62.453 βαρεῖται μέθῃ, ἀλλ' ἐν νήψει καὶ προσοχῇ τὴν τοιαύτην ὁδεύει ὁδόν· οὐδεὶς τοιαύτην ὁδεύων ὁδὸν, ἐπιφέρεταί τι τῶν περιττῶν· ἀγαπητὸν γὰρ εὔζωνον ὄντα δυνηθῆναι διαδραμεῖν· οὐδεὶς συμποδίζει τοὺς πόδας τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλ' εὐλύτους ἀφίησιν. εʹ. Ἡμεῖς δὲ μυρίαις φροντίσιν ἑαυτοὺς καταδεσμοῦντες, καὶ μυρία φορτία βιωτικὰ ἐπιφερόμενοι, κεχηνότες καὶ ἐκκεχυμένοι πῶς τὴν στενὴν προσδοκῶμεν βαδίζειν ὁδόν; Οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἶπεν, ὅτι στενή ἐστιν ἀλλὰ μετὰ θαυμασμοῦ· Τί στενὴ ἡ ὁδός· τουτέστι, σφόδρα στενή. Τοῦτο καὶ ἡμεῖς ποιοῦμεν ἐπὶ τῶν πάνυ θαυμαζομένων. Καὶ πάλιν, Τεθλιμμένη, φησὶν, ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ζωήν. Καὶ καλῶς εἶπε στενή. Ὅταν γὰρ καὶ ῥημάτων καὶ ἐννοιῶν καὶ πράξεων καὶ πάντων ὀφείλομεν εὐθύνας ὑπέχειν, στενὴ ὄντως ἐστί. Στενοτέραν δὲ αὐτὴν ποιοῦμεν ἡμεῖς, πλατύνοντες ἑαυτοὺς καὶ εὐρύνοντες καὶ τοὺς πόδας ἐκχέοντες. Ἡ γὰρ στενὴ παντὶ μὲν δυσχερὴς, μάλιστα δὲ τῷ λιπαινομένῳ, ὡς ὅ γε κατατήκων ἑαυτὸν, οὐδὲ αἰσθήσεται τῆς στενοχωρίας· ὥστε ὁ μεμελετηκὼς θλίβεσθαι, οὐδὲ ἀποδυσπετήσει πρὸς τὸ πιέζεσθαι. Μὴ τοίνυν μετὰ