John Chrysostom, On Repentance

Let us come, therefore, to the sins of the soul. Sin has shame, sin has reproach, and dishonor as its lot; repentance has confidence, repentance has fasting 49.339, repentance possesses righteousness; For, Declare your iniquities first, that you may be justified; and, The righteous is his own accuser in the first telling. Satan, therefore, knowing that sin has shame, a thing capable of sufficiently repelling the sinner, but repentance has confidence, a thing capable of attracting the penitent, has reversed the order, and has given shame to repentance, and confidence to sin. How so? I will tell you. Someone is caught by a fierce desire for a common prostitute; he follows the prostitute like a captive; he enters the brothel; not being ashamed, not blushing he has intercourse with the prostitute, he commits the sin; nowhere is there shame for him, nowhere does he blush; he leaves there after the completion of the sin, and when it is time to repent, he is ashamed. Wretched man, when you were embracing the prostitute, you were not ashamed, but when you came to repent, then you are ashamed? He is ashamed, tell me? Why was he not ashamed when he committed fornication? He does the deed, and is not ashamed, and at the word he blushes? But this is the malice of the devil. In sin, he does not permit him to be ashamed, but to be brazen; for he knows that if he is ashamed, he flees from sin; in repentance, he makes him to be ashamed, for he knows that being ashamed he does not repent. He does two evils, he both draws him into sin, and he holds back repentance. Why are you ashamed, then? When you were fornicating, you were not ashamed; when you apply the medicine, you are ashamed? when you are freeing yourself from sin, you are ashamed? Then you ought to have been ashamed, then it was necessary for you to be ashamed, when you were sinning. When you were becoming a sinner, you were not ashamed; when you are becoming righteous, you are ashamed? Declare your iniquities first, that you may be justified. O the loving-kindness of the Master. He did not say, That you may not be punished, but, That you may be justified; was it not enough for him that you do not punish him, you also make him righteous? Certainly. But attend closely to the argument. I make him righteous. And where did he do this? In the case of the thief, so that he might only say that, Do you not fear God, to his companion. And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds. The Savior says to him: Today you will be with me in paradise. He did not say, I free you from punishment and retribution, but he brings him into paradise as a righteous man. Did you see a righteous man made from confession? God is very loving-kind; He did not spare the Son, that he might spare the servant; he gave up the Only-begotten, that he might purchase ungrateful servants; he paid the price with the blood of his Son. O the loving-kindness of the Master. And do not say to me again: I have sinned much, and how will I be able to be saved? You cannot, your Master can, and in such a way as to wipe away sins. Attend closely to the argument; he so wipes away sins, that not even a trace of them remains. For in the case of bodies this is not so, but even if a physician tries ten thousand times, even if he applies medicines to the wound, he has made the wound disappear; but often someone has been struck in the face, and he has healed the wound, but the scar remained, carrying the disfigurement of the face as proof of the wound; and the physician strives ten thousand times to wipe away the scar as well, but cannot; for the weakness of nature opposes him, and 49.340 the powerlessness of his art, and the cheapness of his medicines. But when God wipes away sins, he does not leave a scar, nor does he permit a trace to remain, but along with health he also bestows beauty, along with release from punishment he also gives righteousness, and makes the one who has sinned equal to the one who has not sinned. For he destroys the sin, and makes it as if it never was, nor had ever happened; so completely does he destroy it; no scar, no trace, no proof, no sign. 3. And from where is this clear? For what I say, I also owe the proofs

Ἔλθωμεν λοιπὸν ἐπὶ τῆς ψυχῆς τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων. Ἡ ἁμαρτία τὴν αἰσχύνην ἔχει, ἡ ἁμαρτία τὸ ὄνειδος ἔχει, καὶ τὴν ἀτιμίαν συγκεκληρωμένην· ἡ μετάνοια τὴν παῤῥησίαν ἔχει, ἡ μετάνοια τὴν νηστείαν 49.339 ἔχει, ἡ μετάνοια τὴν δικαιοσύνην κέκτηται· Λέγε γὰρ τὰς ἀνομίας σου πρῶτος, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς· καὶ, ∆ίκαιος ἑαυτοῦ κατήγορος ἐν πρωτολογίᾳ. Εἰδὼς οὖν ὁ Σατανᾶς, ὅτι ἡ μὲν ἁμαρτία ἔχει τὴν αἰσχύνην, πρᾶγμα ἱκανῶς ἀποκροῦσαι τὸν ἁμαρτάνοντα δυνάμενον, ἡ δὲ μετάνοια ἔχει τὴν παῤῥησίαν, πρᾶγμα ἱκανὸν ἐπισπάσασθαι τὸν μετανοοῦντα, ἐνήλλαξε τὴν τάξιν, καὶ ἔδωκε τὴν αἰσχύνην τῇ μετανοίᾳ, καὶ τὴν παῤῥησίαν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ. Πόθεν τοῦτο; ἐγὼ λέγω. Ἁλίσκεταί τις ὑπὸ ἐπιθυμίας χαλεπῆς πρὸς πάνδημον πόρνην· ἀκολουθεῖ τῇ πόρνῃ ὡς αἰχμάλωτος· εἰσέρχεται εἰς τὸ καταγώγιον· οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενος, οὐκ ἐρυθριῶν συμπλέκεται τῇ πόρνῃ, πράττει τὴν ἁμαρτίαν· οὐδαμοῦ αἰσχύνη αὐτῷ, οὐδαμοῦ ἐρυθριᾷ· ἐξέρχεται ἐκεῖθεν μετὰ τὸ τέλος τῆς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ ἵνα μετανοήσῃ αἰσχύνεται. Ἄθλιε, ὅτε περιεπλέκου τῇ πόρνῃ, οὐκ ᾐσχύνου, ἀλλ' ὅτε ἦλθες μετανοῆσαι, τότε αἰσχύνῃ; Αἰσχύνεται, εἰπέ; εἰς τί ὅτε ἐπόρνευσεν οὐκ ᾐσχύνετο; Τὸ πρᾶγμα πράττει, καὶ οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, καὶ τὸ ῥῆμα ἐρυθριᾷ; ∆ιαβόλου δέ ἐστι κακουργία αὕτη. Ἐν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ οὐκ ἀφίησιν αὐτὸν αἰσχύνεσθαι, ἀλλὰ δημοσιεύεσθαι· οἶδε γὰρ, ὅτι ἐὰν αἰσχυνθῇ, φεύγει τὴν ἁμαρτίαν· ἐν τῇ μετανοίᾳ ποιεῖ αὐτὸν αἰσχύνεσθαι, οἶδε γὰρ ὅτι αἰσχυνόμενος οὐ μετανοεῖ. ∆ύο κακὰ ποιεῖ, καὶ εἰς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἕλκει, καὶ τὴν μετάνοιαν ἐπέχει. Τί αἰσχύνῃ λοιπόν; Ὅτε ἐπόρνευες, οὐκ ᾐσχύνου· ὅτε τὸ φάρμακον ἐπιτίθης, αἰσχύνῃ; ὅτε ἀπαλλάττεις ἑαυτὸν ἁμαρτίας, αἰσχύνῃ; Τότε ὤφειλες αἰσχύνεσθαι, τότε ἔδει σε αἰσχύνεσθαι, ὅτε ἡμάρτανες. Ὅτε ἐγίνου ἁμαρτωλὸς, οὐκ ᾐσχύνου· ὅτε γίνῃ δίκαιος, αἰσχύνῃ; Λέγε τὰς ἀνομίας σου πρῶτος, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς. Ὦ φιλανθρωπία ∆εσπότου. Οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἵνα μὴ κολασθῇς, ἀλλ' Ἵνα δικαιωθῇς· οὐκ ἤρκει αὐτῷ, ὅτι οὐ κολάζεις αὐτὸν, ἔτι καὶ δίκαιον ποιεῖς; Καὶ πάνυ. Ἀλλὰ πρόσεχε μετὰ ἀκριβείας τῷ λόγῳ. ∆ίκαιον αὐτὸν ποιῶ. Καὶ ποῦ τοῦτο ἐποίησεν; Ἐπὶ τοῦ λῃστοῦ, ἵνα εἴπῃ μόνον ἐκεῖνο, Οὐδὲ φοβῇ σὺ τὸν Θεὸν, τῷ ἑταίρῳ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἡμεῖς μὲν δικαίως· ἄξια γὰρ ὧν ἐπράξαμεν ἀπολαμβάνομεν. Λέγει πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Σωτήρ· Σήμερον μετ' ἐμοῦ ἔσῃ ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ. Οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἀπαλλάττω σε κολάσεως καὶ τιμωρίας, ἀλλ' εἰς τὸν παράδεισον εἰσάγει αὐτὸν δίκαιον. Εἶδες ἀπὸ ἐξομολογήσεως δίκαιον γενόμενον; Πολὺ φιλάνθρωπός ἐστιν ὁ Θεός· Υἱοῦ οὐκ ἐφείσατο, ἵνα δούλου φείσηται· παρέδωκε τὸν Μονογενῆ, ἵνα ἀγοράσῃ δούλους ἀγνώμονας· τὸ αἷμα τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ τιμὴν κατέβαλεν. Ὦ φιλανθρωπία ∆εσπότου. Καὶ μή μοι λέγε πάλιν· Ἥμαρτον πολλὰ, καὶ πῶς δυνήσομαι σωθῆναι; Σὺ οὐ δύνασαι, ὁ ∆εσπότης σου δύναται, καὶ οὕτως ὡς ἐξαλεῖψαι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα. Πρόσεχε μετὰ ἀκριβείας τῷ λόγῳ· οὕτως ἐξαλείφει τὰ ἁμαρτήματα, ὡς μήτε ἴχνος αὐτῶν μεῖναι. Ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τῶν σωμάτων οὐκ ἔνι τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ κἂν μυριάκις σπουδάσῃ ὁ ἰατρὸς, κἂν φάρμακα ἐπιθῇ τῷ τραύματι, τὸ μὲν τραῦμα ἠφάνισεν· ἀλλὰ πολλάκις ἐπλήγη τις εἰς τὴν ὄψιν, καὶ τὸ μὲν τραῦμα διώρθωσεν, ἡ δὲ οὐλὴ ἐναπέμεινεν, ἔλεγχον τοῦ τραύματος περιφέρουσα τὴν ἀμορφίαν τῆς ὄψεως· καὶ φιλονεικεῖ μυρία ὁ ἰατρὸς ἐξαλεῖψαι καὶ τὴν οὐλὴν, οὐ δύναται δέ· ἀντιπίπτει γὰρ αὐτῷ ἡ ἀσθένεια τῆς φύσεως, καὶ 49.340 τὸ ἀνίσχυρον τῆς τέχνης, καὶ τὸ εὐτελὲς τῶν φαρμάκων. Ὁ δὲ Θεὸς ὅταν ἐξαλείφῃ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα, οὐδὲ οὐλὴν ἀφίησιν, οὐδὲ ἴχνος συγχωρεῖ μεῖναι, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τῆς ὑγιείας καὶ τὴν εὐμορφίαν χαρίζεται, μετὰ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς τῆς κολάσεως καὶ δικαιοσύνην δίδωσι, καὶ ποιεῖ τὸν ἡμαρτηκότα ἴσον εἶναι τῷ μὴ ἡμαρτηκότι. Ἀναιρεῖ γὰρ τὸ ἁμάρτημα, καὶ ποιεῖ αὐτὸ μηδὲ εἶναι, μηδὲ γεγονέναι· οὕτω καθόλου αὐτὸ ἀναιρεῖ· οὐκ οὐλὴ, οὐκ ἴχνος, οὐκ ἔλεγχος, οὐ δεῖγμα. γʹ. Καὶ πόθεν δῆλον τοῦτο; Ὧν γὰρ ἐγὼ λέγω, καὶ τὰς ἀποδείξεις ὀφείλω