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Let us examine. Bronze melts, clay hardens, wax is consumed, the rest of the animals if they get into it are destroyed, the salamander is brought to life, tow is burned, asbestos is washed by the flame as if in water; so great is the sameness of the works from the one operation. And what of the sun? Does it not also, from the same power, similarly warming all things, make one of the plants grow, and wither another, varying the end of its operation according to the underlying 1.1.388 power? For it dried up what was on the rock, but what was in the deep soil it made to yield a hundredfold. But if you should enter into the works of nature and see in bodies how many things she skillfully works, you would better learn the well-considered character of the one who says, that 20the same operation produces the sameness of 1.1.389 works20. One operation is the cause of conception, but the composition of what is formed within is multiform, so that one could not easily enumerate the difference of the qualities in the body. Again, one operation in infants is the drawing of milk, but the variety of the results of such nourishment, what 1.1.390 account could describe? For while it passes through as if through a tube from the mouth to the excretory passages, the altering power of nature suitably brings the milk to each of the members, breaking down the nourishment through digestion into myriad differences and making what is suitable for each congenial 1.1.391 to the underlying parts. For from the same food are nourished arteries, veins, brain, membranes, marrow, bones, nerves, ligaments, tendons, flesh, skin, cartilage, fat, hair, nails, sweat, vapors, phlegm, bile, and whatever other superfluous and useless things are connected to the same cause 1.1.392. And if you should name the parts, both the organic and the sensory, and whatever else fills the bulk of the body, it is altered from one and the same operation in respect to nourishment into so many differences. But if one should also consider the arts, he will find through these too the well-examined nature of the dogma; for we see for the most part one operation of those who make something by hand in every art, I mean the movement of the hand itself, but what is the communion 1.1.393 of the results, let us consider. What does the construction of a temple have in common with a garment, when the art in each is operated by the motion of a hand? The housebreaker also moves his hand, and the well-digger moves his, and earth is mined and a man is murdered; all are works of the hand's motion. For both the warrior in battle effects the slaughter of the enemy by his hand, and the farmer again with his hand breaks up 1.1.394 the clod with a mattock. How then does the dogmatist declare to us that 20the same operations produce the sameness of works20? But if it is granted that what has been said has some truth, again through this also the kinship in substance of the Son to the Father and of the Spirit to the Son is further established. For if there were some variation in the operations, as if the Father worked His will in one way, and the Son in another, it would be reasonable to infer from the variation of the operations also the variation of the 1.1.395 substance wrought by each of them. But if in whatever way the Father operates, the Son also does all things similarly, both according to the voice of the Lord Himself and according to sound reason (for not the one incorporeally, and the other through a body, nor that one from this matter, and the other from another, nor at a different time or in a different place does one work his will than the other, nor do differences of instruments produce variation; 1.1.396 but a mere motion of will and impulse of choice is sufficient, having concurrent and following it for the subsistence of beings the power that gives substance to all things), and in all things similarly the Father from whom are all things and the Son through whom are all things work according to the same form of operation, how does this man think he demonstrates the difference in substances with respect to the Son and the Spirit through the variation of the operation of the Father and of the Son from each other

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ἐπισκεψώμεθα. τήκεται ὁ χαλκός, ὁ πηλὸς πήγνυται, ὁ κηρὸς ἀναλίσκεται, τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν ζῴων εἰ ἐν αὐτῷ γένοιτο φθείρεται, ἡ σαλαμάνδρα ζῳογονεῖται, τὸ στυππεῖον καίεται, τὸ ἀμίαντον ὥσπερ ἐν ὕδατι τῇ φλογὶ καταπλύνεται· τοσαύτη ἡ ταὐτότης τῶν ἔργων ἐκ τῆς μιᾶς ἐνεργείας. τί δὲ ὁ ἥλιος; ἆρ' οὐχὶ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς δυνάμεως ὁμοίως ἐπιθάλπων τὰ πάντα τὸ μέν τι τῶν φυτῶν ηὔξησε, τὸ δὲ κατεμάρανε, πρὸς τὴν ὑποκειμένην 1.1.388 δύναμιν ὑπαλλάσσων τῆς ἐνεργείας τὸ τέλος; τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ τῆς πέτρας ἐξήρανε, τὸ δὲ ἐκ τῆς βαθείας γῆς ἑκα τοντάχουν ἐποίησεν. εἰ δὲ εἰσέλθοις εἰς τὰ τῆς φύσεως ἔργα καὶ ἴδοις ἐν τοῖς σώμασιν ὅσα φιλοτεχνοῦσα ἐργά ζεται, μᾶλλον ἂν τὸ περιεσκεμμένον καταμάθοις τοῦ λέ γοντος, ὅτι 20ἡ αὐτὴ ἐνέργεια τὴν ταὐτότητα τῶν 1.1.389 ἔργων ἀποτελεῖ20. μία ἐνέργεια τῆς συλλήψεώς ἐστιν ἡ αἰτία, ἀλλὰ τὸ σύγκριμα τοῦ ἔνδον οἰκονομουμένου πολυ ειδές, ὡς ἂν μὴ δυνηθῆναι ῥᾳδίως τινὰ τὴν διαφορὰν τῶν ἐν τῷ σώματι ποιοτήτων ἀπαριθμήσασθαι. μία πάλιν ἐν έργεια ἐπὶ τῶν νηπίων ἡ τοῦ γάλακτός ἐστιν ὁλκή, τὸ δὲ ποικίλον τῶν ἀποτελεσμάτων τῆς τοιαύτης τροφῆς τίς ἂν 1.1.390 διεξέλθοι λόγος; ἡ μὲν γὰρ καθάπερ διὰ σωλῆνος ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀποκριτικοὺς διεξέρχεται πόρους, ἡ δὲ ἀλλοιωτικὴ τῆς φύσεως δύναμις ἑκάστῳ τῶν μελῶν καταλ λήλως προσάγει τὸ γάλα, διὰ τῆς πέψεως εἰς μυρίας δια φορὰς τὴν τροφὴν κερματίζουσα καὶ τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις ὁμο 1.1.391 φυὲς ἀπεργαζομένη τὸ ἑκάστῳ κατάλληλον. ἐκ γὰρ τῆς αὐτῆς τρέφονται βρώσεως ἀρτηρίαι φλέβες ἐγκέφαλος μή νιγγες μυελὸς ὀστᾶ νεῦρα σύνδεσμοι τένοντες σάρκες ἐπι φάνεια χόνδροι πιμελαὶ τρίχες ὄνυχες ἱδρῶτες ἀτμοὶ φλέγμα χολὴ καὶ ὅσα λοιπὰ περιττὰ καὶ ἀχρεῖα τῆς αὐτῆς αἰτίας 1.1.392 ἐξῆπται. κἂν τὰ τῶν μελῶν εἴπῃς ὀνόματα τά τε ὀργανικὰ καὶ τὰ αἰσθητήρια καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα πληροῖ τὸν τοῦ σώματος ὄγκον, ἐκ μιᾶς καὶ τῆς αὐτῆς κατὰ τὴν τροφὴν ἐνεργείας εἰς τὰς τοσαύτας διαφορὰς ἀλλοιοῦται. εἰ δέ τις καὶ τὰς τέχνας ἀναλογίσαιτο, εὑρήσει καὶ διὰ τούτων τὸ κατεξη τασμένον τοῦ δόγματος· μίαν γὰρ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ τῶν διὰ χειρός τι ποιούντων ἐπὶ πάσης τέχνης ὁρῶμεν ἐνέργειαν, αὐτὴν λέγω τῆς χειρὸς τὴν κίνησιν, ἀλλὰ τίς ἡ κοινωνία 1.1.393 τῶν ἀποτελεσμάτων, σκοπήσωμεν. τί κοινὸν ἔχει ναοῦ κατα σκευὴ πρὸς ἱμάτιον, τῆς ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τέχνης κινήσει χειρὸς ἐνεργουμένης; κινεῖ τὴν χεῖρα καὶ ὁ τοιχωρύχος, κινεῖ καὶ ὁ φρεωρύχος, καὶ γῆ μεταλλεύεται καὶ φονεύεται ἄνθρωπος· κινήσεως χειρὸς ἔργα τὰ πάντα. ὅ τε γὰρ πολεμιστὴς ἐπὶ τῆς μάχης διὰ χειρὸς ἐνεργεῖ τὴν τῶν ἐναντίων σφαγήν, καὶ ὁ γεωπόνος πάλιν τῇ χειρὶ διὰ τῆς δικέλλης ἐπιθρύπτει 1.1.394 τὴν βῶλον. πῶς οὖν ἡμῖν ὁ δογματιστὴς ἀποφαίνεται 20τὰς αὐτὰς ἐνεργείας τὴν ταὐτότητα τῶν ἔργων ἀποτελεῖν20; ἐὰν δὲ δοθῇ τι καὶ ἀληθὲς ἔχειν τὰ εἰρη μένα, πάλιν καὶ διὰ τούτου τὸ κατὰ τὴν οὐσίαν οἰκεῖον τοῦ τε υἱοῦ πρὸς τὸν πατέρα καὶ τοῦ πνεύματος πρὸς τὸν υἱὸν πλέον συνίσταται. εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἦν τις τῶν ἐνεργειῶν παραλλαγή, ὡς ἄλλως μὲν τοῦ πατρός, ἑτέρως δὲ τοῦ υἱοῦ τὸ δοκοῦν ἐργαζομένου, καλῶς εἶχεν ἐκ τοῦ παρηλλαγμένου τῶν ἐνεργειῶν καὶ τὸ τῆς ἐργασθείσης ὑφ' ἑκατέρου τούτων 1.1.395 οὐσίας παρηλλαγμένον τεκμαίρεσθαι. εἰ δὲ ᾧ τρόπῳ ἐνεργεῖ ὁ πατήρ, πάντα καὶ ὁ υἱὸς ὁμοίως ποιεῖ, κατά τε τὴν αὐτοῦ τοῦ κυρίου φωνὴν καὶ κατὰ τὸν εἰκότα λόγον (οὐ γὰρ ὁ μὲν ἀσωμάτως, ὁ δὲ διὰ σώματος, οὐδὲ ἐκεῖνος μὲν ἐκ τῆσδε τῆς ὕλης, ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἑτέρας ὁ ἕτερος, οὐδὲ ἐν χρόνῳ οὐδὲ ἐν τόπῳ ἄλλος ἄλλῳ τὸ δοκοῦν κατεργάζεται, οὐδ' αἱ τῶν ὀργάνων διαφοραὶ τὸ παρηλλαγμένον κατασκευάζουσιν· 1.1.396 ἀλλ' ἀρκεῖ μόνη θελήματος κίνησις καὶ προαιρέσεως ὁρμή, σύνδρομον ἔχουσα καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσαν πρὸς τὴν τῶν ὄντων ὑπόστασιν τὴν ὑφιστῶσαν τὰ πάντα δύναμιν), καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν ὁμοίως ὁ πατὴρ ἐξ οὗ τὰ πάντα καὶ ὁ υἱὸς δι' οὗ τὰ πάντα κατὰ ταὐτὸ τῆς ἐνεργείας εἶδος ἐργάζονται, πῶς οὗτος τὴν κατὰ τὰς οὐσίας διαφορὰν ἐπὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀποδεικνύειν οἴεται διὰ τοῦ παρηλλαγμένου τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ ἐνεργείας ἀπ' ἀλλήλων