54

were you entrusted with the things there again? 4. What then? Is there no repentance, he says? There is repentance, but there is not a second baptism. But there is repentance, which has great power, and is able to release one who is deeply immersed in sins, if he should wish, from the burden of his sins, and to establish the one in danger in safety, even if he has come to the very depth of wickedness. And this is possible to show from many places. For does not he who falls, he says, rise again, or he who turns away, does he not return? It is possible, if we wish, for Christ to be formed in us again; for hear Paul saying, My little children, of whom I am in labor again, until Christ is formed in you; only let us take hold of repentance. For see the loving-kindness of God; we should have been punished in every way from the beginning, because having received the natural law and enjoyed countless good things, we have both ignored the Master, and have lived an unclean life; but He not only did not punish, but also shared countless good things, as if we had achieved great things. Again we fell away, and not even so does He punish, but He gave the medicine of repentance, able to wipe out and erase all our sins, only if we know what kind of medicine it is, and how it must be applied. What then is the medicine of repentance, and how is it prepared? First, from the condemnation of one's own sins, and from confession. For I have acknowledged my iniquity, he says, and my sin I have not concealed; and, I will confess against myself my iniquity to the Lord, and you forgave the ungodliness of my heart; and again; Declare you your sins first, that you may be justified; and, A just man is his own accuser in the first instance. Second, from much humility; for just as there is a certain golden chain, if you take the beginning, everything follows. For if you confess 63.81 the sin as one ought to confess, the soul is humbled; for the conscience, convicting it, makes it be subdued. But other things must also be added to humility, so that it may be such as the blessed David prayed for, saying: Create in me a clean heart, O God; and again: A broken and a humbled heart God will not despise. For that which is broken does not rise up, does not strike, but is ready to suffer evil, while it itself does not rise up. Such is a contrite heart; even if it is insulted, even if it suffers evil, it is quiet, and does not rush to self-defense. And after humility, there is need of earnest prayers, of many tears, by day, by night; For I will wash, he says, my bed every night; with my tears I will water my couch; I am weary with my groaning; and again: For I have eaten ashes like bread, and mingled my drink with weeping. And after prayer that is so earnest, there is need of much almsgiving. For this is what makes the medicine of repentance especially powerful. And just as among medical remedies there is a medicine that takes many herbs, but one that is most important; so also in repentance this herb is more important, and this could be the whole thing. For hear what the divine Scripture says: Give alms, and all things will be clean; and again: By alms and faith sins are cleansed away; and again: Water will quench a flaming fire, and almsgiving will make an atonement for great sins. Then, not to be angry, nor to bear a grudge, to forgive all their sins; For man maintains anger against man, he says, and seeks healing from the Lord. Forgive, that you may be forgiven. And to turn brothers from error; For go, he says, and turn your brothers, that your sins may be forgiven you; to be on familiar terms with the priests. For even if one has committed sins, he says, it will be forgiven him; to stand up for the wronged, to not have anger, to bear all things meekly. 5. Before learning that it is possible to wash away sins through repentance, were you not anxious, knowing that there is no other washing, and did you despair of yourselves? But now having learned through how many things repentance and remission are accomplished, and that

54

ἐνεπιστεύθης τὰ ἐκεῖ πάλιν; δʹ. Τί οὖν; οὐκ ἔστι μετάνοια, φησίν; Ἔστι μετάνοια, ἀλλὰ βάπτισμα οὐκ ἔστι δεύτερον. Μετάνοια δὲ ἔστι πολλὴν ἔχουσα τὴν ἰσχὺν, καὶ τὸν σφόδρα τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι βεβαπτισμένον, εἰ βουληθείη, δυναμένη ἀπαλλάξαι τοῦ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων φορτίου, καὶ τὸν κινδυνεύοντα καταστῆσαι ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ, κἂν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔλθῃ τῆς κακίας τὸν πυθμένα. Καὶ τοῦτο πολλαχόθεν δυνατὸν ἀποδεῖξαι. Μὴ ὁ πίπτων γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἀνίσταται, ἢ ὁ ἀποστρέφων οὐκ ἐπιστρέφει; Ἔστιν, ἐὰν βουλώμεθα, μορφωθῆναι τὸν Χριστὸν ἐν ἡμῖν πάλιν· ἄκουε γὰρ Παύλου λέγοντος, Τεκνία μου, οὓς πάλιν ὠδίνω, ἄχρις οὗ μορφωθῇ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν· μόνον ἁψώμεθα τῆς μετανοίας. Ὅρα γὰρ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίαν· ἔδει ἡμᾶς παντὶ τρόπῳ κολασθῆναι παρὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν, ὅτι καὶ νόμον λαβόντες τὸν φυσικὸν καὶ μυρίων ἀπολαύσαντες ἀγαθῶν, τόν τε ∆εσπότην ἠγνοήκαμεν, καὶ βίον ἀκάθαρτον βεβιώκαμεν· ὁ δὲ οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐκόλασεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ μυρίων μετέδωκεν ἀγαθῶν, ὡς ἂν εἰ μεγάλα κατωρθωκότες ἦμεν. Πάλιν ἐξεπέσομεν, καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτω κολάζει, ἀλλ' ἔδωκε τὸ τῆς μετανοίας φάρμακον, πάντα ἡμῶν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα ἱκανὸν ἀφανίσαι καὶ ἀπαλεῖψαι, μόνον ἐὰν εἰδῶμεν τὸ φάρμακον ὁποῖόν ἐστι, καὶ πῶς αὐτὸ ἐπιτιθέναι δεῖ. Ποῖον οὖν ἐστι τὸ φάρμακον τῆς μετανοίας, καὶ πῶς αὐτὸ κατασκευάζεται; Πρῶτον, ἀπὸ καταγνώσεως τῶν οἰκείων ἁμαρτημάτων, καὶ ἀπὸ ἐξαγορεύσεως. Τὴν ἀνομίαν γάρ μου, φησὶν, ἐγνώρισα, καὶ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν μου οὐκ ἐκάλυψα· καὶ, Ἐξαγορεύσω κατ' ἐμοῦ τὴν ἀνομίαν μου τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ σὺ ἀφῆκας τὴν ἀσέβειαν τῆς καρδίας μου· καὶ πάλιν· Λέγε σὺ τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου πρῶτος, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς· καὶ, ∆ίκαιος ἑαυτοῦ κατήγορος ἐν πρωτολογίᾳ. ∆εύτερον, ἀπὸ ταπεινοφροσύνης πολλῆς· ὥσπερ γὰρ σειρά τίς ἐστι χρυσῆ, κἂν ἀρχὴν λάβῃ, πάντα ἕπεται. Ἐὰν γὰρ ὁμολογή 63.81 σῃς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ὡς ὁμολογῆσαι χρὴ, ταπεινοῦται ἡ ψυχή· τὸ γὰρ συνειδὸς αὐτὴν συστρέφον, κατεστάλθαι ποιεῖ. ∆εῖ δὲ καὶ ἕτερα προσεῖναι τῇ ταπεινοφροσύνῃ, ἵνα τοιαύτη ᾖ οἵαν ὁ μακάριος ∆αυῒδ ηὔχετο λέγων· Καρδίαν καθαρὰν κτίσον ἐν ἐμοὶ, ὁ Θεός· καὶ πάλιν· Καρδίαν συντετριμμένην καὶ τεταπεινωμένην ὁ Θεὸς οὐκ ἐξουδενώσει. Τὸ γὰρ συντριβὲν οὐ διανίσταται, οὐ πλήττει, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τὸ παθεῖν κακῶς ἐστὶν ἕτοιμον, αὐτὸ δὲ οὐ διανίσταται. Τοιοῦτόν ἐστι συντριβὴ καρδίας· κἂν ὑβρισθῇ, κἂν πάθῃ κακῶς, ἡσυχάζει, καὶ οὐχ ὁρμᾷ πρὸς ἄμυναν. Μετὰ δὲ τὴν ταπεινοφροσύνην, εὐχῶν δεῖ ἐκτενῶν, δακρύων πολλῶν, τῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, τῶν ἐν νυκτί· Λούσω γὰρ, φησὶ, καθ' ἑκάστην νύκτα τὴν κλίνην μου· ἐν δὲ δάκρυσί μου τὴν στρωμνήν μου βρέξω· ἐκοπίασα ἐν τῷ στεναγμῷ μου· καὶ πάλιν· Ὅτι σποδὸν ὡσεὶ ἄρτον ἔφαγον, καὶ τὸ πόμα μου μετὰ κλαυθμοῦ ἐκίρνων. Καὶ μετὰ τὴν εὐχὴν τὴν οὕτως ἐκτενῆ, ἐλεημοσύνης δεῖ πολλῆς. Τὸ γὰρ μάλιστα ἰσχυρὸν ἐργαζόμενον τὸ φάρμακον τῆς μετανοίας, τοῦτό ἐστι. Καὶ καθάπερ ἐπὶ τῶν ἰατρικῶν βοηθημάτων ἔστι φάρμακον πολλὰς μὲν λαμβάνον βοτάνας, μίαν δὲ τὴν κυριωτάτην· οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς μετανοίας αὕτη ἡ βοτάνη κυριωτέρα, καὶ τὸ πᾶν αὕτη γένοιτο ἄν. Ἄκουε γὰρ τί φησιν ἡ θεία Γραφή· ∆ότε ἐλεημοσύνην, καὶ πάντα ἔσται καθαρά· καὶ πάλιν· Ἐλεημοσύναις καὶ πίστεσιν ἀποκαθαίρονται ἁμαρτίαι· καὶ πάλιν· Πῦρ φλογιζόμενον ἀποσβέσει ὕδωρ, καὶ ἐλεημοσύνη καταπαύσει ἁμαρτίας μεγάλας. Εἶτα τὸ μὴ ὀργίζεσθαι, μηδὲ μνησικακεῖν, τὸ πᾶσιν ἀφιέναι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα· Ἄνθρωπος γὰρ ἀνθρώπῳ συντηρεῖ ὀργὴν, φησὶ, καὶ παρὰ Κυρίου ζητεῖ ἴασιν. Ἄφετε, ἵνα ἀφεθῇ ὑμῖν. Καὶ τὸ ἐπιστρέφειν ἀδελφοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς πλάνης· Πορεύου γὰρ, φησὶ, καὶ ἐπίστρεφε τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου, ἵνα ἀφεθῶσί σοι αἱ ἁμαρτίαι σου· τὸ πρὸς τοὺς ἱερεῖς ἔχειν οἰκείως. Κἂν γὰρ ἁμαρτίας ᾖ, φησὶ, πεποιηκώς τις, ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ· τὸ προΐστασθαι τῶν ἀδικουμένων, τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ὀργὴν, τὸ πάντα πράως φέρειν. εʹ. Ἆρα πρὸ μὲν τοῦ μαθεῖν ὅτι ἔστι διὰ μετανοίας ἀπολούσασθαι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα, οὐκ ἐναγώνιοι ἦτε, γνόντες ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἕτερον λουτρὸν, καὶ ἀπεγινώσκετε ἑαυτῶν; Νυνὶ δὲ μαθόντες δι' ὅσων ἡ μετάνοια καὶ ἡ ἄφεσις κατορθοῦται, καὶ ὅτι