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not only their need, but also according to their abundance, but for the one who serves as a soldier for the heavenly king, and is arrayed against much more difficult foes (For the wrestling, it says, is not against flesh and blood), not to supply even the necessary need? How much senselessness, how much ingratitude, how much pettiness is this? 4. But, as it seems, the fear of men is stronger among us than Gehenna and the future punishments. Indeed, for this reason everything has been turned upside down, because political affairs are accomplished with much diligence each day, and it is not possible for them to be neglected; but of spiritual things, there is no account anywhere; but the things demanded with necessity and tortures, as if from slaves and unwilling men, are paid down with much 62.251 good will; but the things from willing persons, and as from free men, are all neglected. I do not speak against all, but against those who neglect these payments. For was not God able to do these things by necessity? But He is not willing; for He spares you rather than those who are fed. For this reason He does not want you to pay out of necessity, since there is no reward. And yet many of those here are more base than the Jews. Consider how much the Jews gave: tithes, firstfruits, again tithes, and again other tithes, and again other thirteenths, and the shekel; and no one said, "they devour a lot." The more they receive, the greater is the reward. They did not say, "They take much, they are gluttons," which I now hear some people saying. And those building houses and buying fields think they have nothing; but if one of the priests puts on a rather splendid garment, or has a supply of necessary food, or has someone to serve him, so that he is not forced to be unseemly himself, they consider the matter wealth. Truly we are rich even in these things, and they confess it unwillingly. For even if we have little, we are rich; but even if they acquire everything, they are poor. How long will we be foolish? is it not enough for your punishment to do nothing, but must you also add the damage from slander? For if you yourself gave him what he possesses, you have lost the reward, by complaining about what you gave; and in general, if you gave it, why do you complain? Before, then, you testified to his poverty, saying that you yourself had given what he has; why, then, do you complain? You should not have given, if you were going to complain. But do you say these things when another has given? The matter is more serious, that you, though not giving, complain about what another does well. How great a reward do you think those who hear these things have? For they suffer these things for God's sake. How and why? It was possible, if they wished, to take up the life of a retailer, even if they did not have it from their ancestors. For I also hear many saying these things impudently, when we say that so-and-so is poor: "For if he wished," one says, "he could be rich"; then, insultingly, "His ancestor, and his grandfather, and so-and-so, was such-and-such; but now he is clothed in such a garment." But what? Tell me, should he go about naked? You, then, are scrupulous about these things; but see that you do not say these things against yourself. But hear the exhortation of Christ that says, "Judge not, that you be not judged." But it was possible, if he wished, to live the life of a retailer and a merchant, and he certainly would not have been in want; but he was not willing. What then does he gain here, tell me? Does he wear silken garments? Having a multitude of followers, does he strut through the marketplace? Is he carried on a horse? Does he build houses, when he has a place to stay? If he does these things, I too accuse him, and I do not spare him, but I say he is unworthy of the priesthood. For how will he be able to exhort others not to be occupied with these superfluous things, being unable to exhort himself? But if it is because he has a supply of necessary food, for this reason he does wrong; but should he go about and beg? and would you not be ashamed, tell me, you the disciple? But the

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τὴν χρείαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν περιουσίαν, τῷ δὲ στρατευομένῳ βασιλεῖ τῷ ἐπουρανίῳ, καὶ παραταττομένῳ πρὸς πολλῷ χαλεπωτέρους (Ἡ πάλη γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐ πρὸς αἷμα καὶ σάρκα), μηδὲ τὴν ἀναγκαίαν χρείαν χορηγεῖν; πόσης ἀγνωμοσύνης, πόσης τοῦτο ἀχαριστίας, πόσης μικρολογίας; δʹ. Ἀλλ', ὡς ἔοικε, πλέον ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἰσχύει φόβος παρ' ἡμῖν τῆς γεέννης καὶ τῶν μελλουσῶν κολάσεων. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο πάντα ἀνατέτραπται, ὅτι τὰ μὲν πολιτικὰ πράγματα μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἐντρεχείας καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἀνύεται, καὶ ἐλλειφθῆναι οὐκ ἔνι· τῶν δὲ πνευματικῶν οὐδεὶς οὐδαμοῦ λόγος· ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν μετ' ἀνάγκης ἀπαιτούμενα καὶ βασάνων, καὶ ὡς παρὰ δούλων καὶ ἀκόντων, κατατίθεται μετὰ πολλῆς 62.251 τῆς εὐγνωμοσύνης· τὰ δὲ παρὰ ἑκόντων, καὶ ὡς παρὰ ἐλευθέρων, πάντα ἐλλιμπάνεται. Οὐ κατὰ πάντων λέγω, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τῶν τὰ τελέσματα ταῦτα ἐγκαταλιμπανόντων. Μὴ γὰρ οὐκ ἠδύνατο ὁ Θεὸς ἀνάγκῃ ταῦτα ποιεῖν; Ἀλλ' οὐ βούλεται· ὑμῶν γὰρ φείδεται μᾶλλον, ἢ τῶν τρεφομένων. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ὑμᾶς οὐκ ἀνάγκη βούλεται κατατιθέναι, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἔστι μισθός. Καὶ ὅμως πολλοὶ τῶν ἐνταῦθα, τῶν Ἰουδαίων εἰσὶ ταπεινότεροι. Ἐννόησον ὅσα Ἰουδαῖοι ἐδίδοσαν, δεκάτας, ἀπαρχὰς, πάλιν δεκάτας, καὶ πάλιν ἄλλας δεκάτας, καὶ πάλιν ἑτέρας τρισκαιδεκάτας, καὶ τὸ σίκλον· καὶ οὐδεὶς ἔλεγεν, ὅτι πολλὰ κατεσθίουσιν. Ὅσῳ ἂν πλείονα λάβωσι, τοσούτῳ καὶ πλείων ὁ μισθός. Οὐκ ἔλεγον, Πολλὰ λαμβάνουσι, γαστρίζονται, ἃ νῦν ἀκούω λεγόντων τινῶν. Καὶ οἱ μὲν οἰκοδομοῦντες οἰκίας, καὶ ἀγροὺς ὠνούμενοι, οὐδὲν ἡγοῦνται ἔχειν· ἂν δέ τις τῶν ἱερέων λαμπρότερον ἱμάτιον περιβάληται, ἢ τῆς ἀναγκαίας εὐπορήσῃ τροφῆς, ἢ τὸν διακονούμενον ἔχῃ, ἵνα μὴ ἀναγκάζηται αὐτὸς ἀσχημονεῖν, πλοῦτον τὸ πρᾶγμα τίθενται. Ὄντως πλουτοῦμεν καὶ ἐν τούτοις, καὶ ἄκοντες ὁμολογοῦσιν. Ἡμεῖς μὲν γὰρ κἂν μικρὰ ἔχωμεν, πλουτοῦμεν· ἐκεῖνοι δὲ κἂν πάντα περιβάλωνται, πένονται. Μέχρι τίνος ἀνοηταίνομεν; οὐκ ἀρκεῖ τὸ μηδὲν ποιεῖν εἰς κόλασιν ὑμῖν, ἀλλὰ χρὴ καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς κακηγορίας προστιθέναι ζημίαν; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸς ἔδωκας αὐτῷ, ἅπερ κέκτηται, τὸν μισθὸν ἀπώλεσας, ὑπὲρ ὧν ἔδωκας ἐγκαλῶν· ὅλως δὲ εἰ σὺ ἔδωκας, τί ἐγκαλεῖς; Πρότερον μὲν οὖν αὐτῷ πενίαν ἐμαρτύρεις, λέγων ἅπερ ἔχει δεδωκέναι αὐτός· τί τοίνυν ἐγκαλεῖς; Οὐκ ἐχρῆν δοῦναι, εἴ γε ἔμελλες ἐγκαλεῖν. Ἀλλ' ἑτέρου δόντος ταῦτα λέγεις; Χαλεπώτερον τὸ πρᾶγμα, ὅτι οὐδὲ διδοὺς ἐγκαλεῖς ὑπὲρ ὧν ἕτερος ποιεῖ εὖ. Πόσον οἴει τοὺς ταῦτα ἀκούοντας μισθὸν ἔχειν; ∆ιὰ γὰρ τὸν Θεὸν ταῦτα πάσχουσι. Πῶς καὶ διὰ τί; Ἐξῆν, εἴ γε ἐβούλοντο, καπηλικὸν ἀναδέξασθαι βίον, εἰ καὶ μὴ ἀπὸ προγόνων εἶχον. Καὶ γὰρ ἀκούω καὶ ταῦτα πολλῶν λεγόντων ἰταμῶς, ὅταν εἴπωμεν, ὅτι ὁ δεῖνα πένεται· Εἰ γὰρ ἐβούλετο, φησὶν, ἠδύνατο πλουτεῖν· εἶτα ὑβριστικῶς, Ὁ προγόνος αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὁ πάππος αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὁ δεῖνα, τοιόσδε ἦν· νῦν δὲ τοιαύτην ἐσθῆτα περιβέβληται. Ἀλλὰ τί; εἰπέ μοι, γυμνὸν αὐτὸν ἐχρῆν περιιέναι; Σὺ μὲν οὖν ὑπὲρ τούτων ἀκριβολογῇ· ὅρα δὲ μὴ κατὰ σαυτοῦ ταῦτα λέγῃς. Ἀλλ' ἄκουε τῆς παραινέσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς λεγούσης, Μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε. Ἀλλ' ἐξῆν, εἴ γε ἐβούλετο, καπηλικὸν καὶ ἐμπορικὸν βίον ζῇν, καὶ πάντως οὐκ ἂν ἠπόρησεν· ἀλλ' οὐκ ἠθέλησε. Τί οὖν ἐνταῦθα κερδαίνει, εἰπέ μοι; σηρικὰ ἱμάτια περίκειται; πλῆθος ἀκολούθων ἔχων σοβεῖ κατὰ τὴν ἀγοράν; ἐπὶ ἵππου φέρεται; οἰκίας οἰκοδομεῖ, ἔχων ὅπου καταμείνῃ; Ἂν ταῦτα ποιῇ, καὶ ἐγὼ κατηγορῶ, καὶ οὐ φείδομαι, ἀλλ' ἀνάξιον αὐτὸν εἶναι τῆς ἱερωσύνης φημί. Πῶς γὰρ ἑτέροις δυνήσεται παραινεῖν μὴ περὶ τὰ περιττὰ ταῦτα ἐσχολακέναι, αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ παραινέσαι μὴ δυνάμενος; Εἰ δὲ ὅτι τῆς ἀναγκαίας εὐπορεῖ τροφῆς, διὰ τοῦτο ἀδικεῖ· ἀλλὰ περιιέναι ἐχρῆν αὐτὸν, καὶ προσαιτεῖν; καὶ οὐκ ἂν σὺ κατῃσχύνθης, εἰπέ μοι, ὁ μαθητής; Ἀλλ' ὁ