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that says: "Hear, O Israel: The Lord your God is one Lord, and you shall not worship a foreign God" and "they sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons, and they ate and drank the wine of their libations, and they worshiped what their fingers had made, they also killed the saints and stoned the prophets, they turned aside like a crooked bow and provoked with foreign things and with their abominations the God who nourished them in the desert, and they forgot him" - what then did the Lord do, who had chosen them above all the nations? Was He angered and did He turn away from them? Not at all, but He sent His Son to wash away their sins, because they too had come to be like the nations, as it is written: "And they were mingled among the nations and learned their works" and "being in honor, they did not understand". Therefore, recall for me the ark of the sons of Noah and the beasts and reptiles that entered it then, as I said, narrating what was in it, that Noah is a type of Christ, his sons of the people under the law, and the beasts and reptiles of the nations. So then, the men under the law, who were called the Lord's portion, His inheritance, were made like the beasts, that is, the nations; and God, wanting to recall them and restore them again to their former state, came down to earth (137) and was incarnate, taking the rib of Adam from the all-pure flesh of the Theotokos, and became man, made like us in all things except sin. Why this? In order that He might perfect through faith in Him those who kept the law, and that He might join through faith to the rest of the body those of them who had prostituted themselves to idolatry, and that thus the nations might also be justified in the same way through faith according to what was said by Paul: "For if their transgression, he says, has become the wealth of the world, how much more was their salvation destined to be?"

But the contemplation of what has been said, as far as I understand from the letter, also clearly suggests something else to me. But pay attention, so that you may know well what the divine Apostle is saying: "If their transgression has become the wealth of the world, how much more was their salvation destined to be?"

vi. On the saying of the Apostle: "For if their transgression is the wealth of the world

has become" and what follows; and a personification of both peoples, I mean of the nations and of Israel. (137)

From the dispersion of the nations, as I said before, Israel became the Lord's portion.

This Israel, then, having become a great nation and a numerous people, went astray into idolatry, just as the nations did; and very few were preserved for God as a kind of leaven and portion. When Christ came, therefore, if they had believed in Him and worshiped Him as God, all were destined, both the just and the unjust, the God-fearing and the idolaters, to become one and to be saved together. And if this had happened, the nations would have said to him: "O God of all and Master, Lord of the ages, behold, without any works of righteousness you have saved them all. (138) What then? Are we not the work of your hands and your creation?" But the Jews would have contradicted them with what they were also saying: "No, but we alone are His portion, we alone are His inheritance; to us belong the tablets of the covenant, the circumcision, and the rest which He promised to us alone and has given to us, but to you He will by no means give." To this the nations would have retorted in turn, not deeming the envious Jews worthy of a response: "As for us, O Master and Word of God, you have justly cast us off as unworthy, leaving us uncared for as stiff-necked and disobedient, and justly allowing us to suffer a famine of ignorance and a thirst of drought from not hearing your holy words. But to these you have shown all love and

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τήν λέγουσαν· "Ἄκουε, Ἰσραήλ· Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου Κύριος εἷς ἐστι καί οὐ προσκυνήσεις Θεῷ ἀλλοτρίῳ" καί "ἔθυσαν τούς υἱούς αὐτῶν καί τάς θυγατέρας αὐτῶν τοῖς δαιμονίοις καί ἤσθιον καί ἔπινον τόν οἶνον τῶν σπονδῶν αὐτῶν καί προσεκύνησαν οἷς ἐποίησαν οἱ δάκτυλοι αὐτῶν, ἀπέκτεινάν τε τούς ἁγίους καί ἐλιθοβόλησαν τούς προφήτας, ἐστράφησαν εἰς τόξον στρεβλόν καί παρώξυναν ἐπ᾿ ἀλλοτρίοις καί ἐν βδελύγμασιν αὐτῶν τόν Θεόν τόν θρέψαντα αὐτούς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καί ἐπελάθοντο αὐτοῦ" - τί οὖν ὁ παρά πάντα τά ἔθνη ἐκλεξάμενος αὐτούς Κύριος; Ὠργίσθη καί ἀπεστράφη αὐτούς; Οὐδαμῶς, ἀλλά ἀπέστειλε τόν Υἱόν αὐτοῦ κατακλύσαι τάς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν, ἐπειδή ἐφθάσθησαν ὁμοιωθῆναι καί οὗτοι τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καθώς γέγραπται· "Καί ἐμίγησαν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι καί ἔμαθον τά ἔργα αὐτῶν" καί "οὐ συνῆκαν ἐν τιμῇ ὄντες". Τοιγαροῦν ἀναμνήσθητί μοι τῆς κιβωτοῦ τῶν υἱῶν Νῶε καί τῶν θηρίων καί ἑρπετῶν τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ τότε εἰσεληλυθότων, ὡς εἶπον, τά ἐν αὐτῇ διηγούμενος, τόν μέν Νῶε τύπον εἶναι τοῦ Χριστοῦ, τούς υἱούς δέ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ λαοῦ, τά δέ θηρία καί τά ἑρπετά τῶν ἐθνῶν. Οἱ γοῦν ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ἄνθρωποι, οἱ μερίς Κυρίου κληθέντες, ὁ κλῆρος αὐτοῦ, τοῖς θηρίοις εἴτ᾿ οὖν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἐξωμοιώθησαν· καί θέλων αὐτούς ὁ Θεός ἀνακαλέσασθαι καί εἰς τό ἀρχαῖον πάλιν ἀποκαταστῆσαι κατῆλθεν ἐπί γῆς (137) καί ἐσαρκώθη, λαβών τήν πλευράν τοῦ Ἀδάμ ἐκ τῶν πανάγνων τῆς Θεοτόκου σαρκῶν, καί ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος, ὁμοιωθείς ἡμῖν κατά πάντα πλήν ἁμαρτίας. Τί τοῦτο; Ἵνα καί τούς ἐν νόμῳ φυλάξαντας τελειώσῃ διά τῆς εἰς αὐτόν πίστεως, καί τούς εἰς εἰδωλολατρείαν ἐξ αὐτῶν ἐκπορνεύσαντας διά πίστεως τῷ λοιπῷ σώματι ἐπισυνάψῃ, καί οὕτως δικαιωθῶσιν ὡσαύτως καί τά ἔθνη διά τῆς πίστεως κατά τό οὕτως εἰρημένον ὑπό τοῦ Παύλου· "Εἰ γάρ τό αὐτῶν παράπτωμα πλοῦτος, φησί, τοῦ κόσμου γέγονε, πόσῳ μᾶλλον ἡ σωτηρία αὐτῶν γενήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν;"

Ἀλλ᾿ ἡ θεωρία τοῦ εἰρημένου ὅσον ἀπό τοῦ γράμματος νοεῖν μοι καί ἕτερόν τι σαφῶς ὑποτίθεται. Ἀλλά προσέχετε, ἵνα γνῶτε καλῶς τί ἐστιν ὅ λέγει ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος· "Εἰ τό αὐτῶν παράπτωμα πλοῦτος κόσμου γέγονε, πόσῳ μᾶλλον ἡ σωτηρία αὐτῶν γενήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν;"

στ΄. Εἰς τό ῥητόν τοῦ Ἀποστόλου· "Εἰ γάρ τό αὐτῶν παράπτωμα πλοῦτος κόσμου

γέγονε" καί τά ἑξῆς· καί προσωποποιΐα τῶν ἑκατέρων λαῶν, τῶν ἐθνῶν φημι καί τοῦ Ἰσραήλ. (137)

Ἀπό τῆς διασπορᾶς τῶν ἐθνῶν, ὡς ἔφθην εἰπών, μερίς Κυρίου γέγονεν ὁ Ἰσραήλ.

Ὁ γοῦν Ἰσραήλ οὗτος, εἰς ἔθνος μέγα καί λαόν πολύν γεγονώς, ἐξώκειλεν εἰς εἰδωλολατρείαν, καθώς ἐποίουν τά ἔθνη· καί ὀλίγοι λίαν ὡς ζύμη τις καί μερίς τῷ Θεῷ ἐφυλάχθησαν. Ἐλθόντος οὖν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰ ἐπίστευσαν αὐτῶ καί προσεκύνησαν ὡς Θεῷ, ἔμελλον ἅπαντες, δίκαιοί τε καί ἄδικοι, θεοσεβεῖς καί εἰδωλολάτραι, εἰς ἕν γενέσθαι καί ἅμα σωθήσεσθαι. Καί εἰ τοῦτο γέγονεν, ἔλεγον ἄν τά ἔθνη πρός αὐτόν· "Θεέ τοῦ παντός καί ∆έσποτα, Κύριε τῶν αἰώνων, ἰδού χωρίς ἔργων δικαιοσύνης τινῶν πάντας αὐτούς ἔσωσας. (138) Τί οὖν; Ἡμεῖς δέ οὐκ ἐσμέν ἔργα χειρῶν σου καί πλάσμα;" Ἀντέλεγον δέ τούτοις οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἅ δή καί ἔλεγον· "Οὐχί, ἀλλ᾿ ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν μόνοι μερίς αὐτοῦ, ἡμεῖς μόνοι κλῆρος αὐτοῦ· πρός ἡμᾶς οἱ πλάκες τῆς διαθήκης, ἡ περιτομή καί τά λοιπά ἅ μόνοις ἡμῖν ἐπηγγείλατο καί ἡμῖν δέδωκεν, ὑμῖν δέ οὐδαμῶς δώσει". Πρός ταῦτα πάλιν ἄν ἀνθυπέφερον τά ἔθνη, λόγου μή ἀξιοῦντα τούς φθονερούς Ἰουδαίους· "Ἡμᾶς μέν, ὦ ∆έσποτα καί Λόγε Θεοῦ, ἀξίως ὡς ἀναξίους ἀπώσω, ὡς σκληροτραχήλους καί ἀνηκόους ἀνεπιμελήτους καταλιπών, καί λιμῷ ἀγνωσίας καί δίψει ἀνυδρίας τοῦ μή ἀκοῦσαι ἡμᾶς λόγων ἁγίων σου ἐάσας καί δικαίως. Εἰς δέ τούτου αὐτούς πᾶσαν ἐπεδείξω ἀγάπην καί