58
he showed plainly. For he said: "Now my soul is troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour, but for this reason I came to this hour." And through these thoughts he revealed an agony, now dreading the passion, now pushing away the fear. But Luke taught this fear more clearly. For he said that he was in such agony over the passion, that the sweat of his body became like blood. "For," he says, "his sweat became, as 83.500 drops of blood." And he added this, that an angel came and strengthened him. But through all this, see for me the weakness of the human nature. For why, with the united divinity of the Only-Begotten, and with the Spirit present as an anointing, does an angel support the weakness of both the soul and the body? Is it not clear that all these things happened by the permission of the divine nature, so that of those to come, those who believe in the assumption of the soul and the body might be confirmed by the proofs, and those who speak against the clear testimonies might be refuted? 14. —That he took up a perfect human nature. And for this reason, he calls himself both a man, and the Son of man. For to the apostles he often said: "The Son of man is about to be delivered into the hands of men, and they will kill him, and on the third day he will be raised. But to the one who wished to follow, he said, "Foxes have dens, and the birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man has nowhere to lay his head." But to the Jews he said plainly: Why do you seek to kill me, a man who has spoken the truth to you, which I heard from my Father?" And the divine Apostle exclaims: "One God, and one mediator between God and men." And again: "For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead." For this reason, he was also named the seed of Abraham, and the son of David. For since the God of all promised Abraham to bless all the nations in his seed, and he gave the promise to both Isaac and to Jacob, fittingly the divine Apostle, writing to the Galatians, said: "Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made." And teaching whom he called seed, he added: "He does not say, 'And to seeds,' as of many; but as of one, 'And to your seed,' which is Christ." And writing to the Hebrews he said thus: "For surely he does not take hold of angels, but he takes hold of the seed of Abraham, wherefore he ought to be made like his brothers in all things, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God." And since Jacob the patriarch also bestowed on Judah the blessing which he had received from the God of all, saying: "A ruler shall not fail from Judah, nor a leader from his thighs, until he comes for whom it is reserved, and he will be the expectation of nations;" and Micah the prophet also renews the prophecy, saying: "And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are by no means least among 83.501 the rulers of Judah; for out of you shall come forth for me a ruler, and his goings forth are from the beginning, from the days of eternity." And again the divine Apostle showed the fulfillment of the prophecies, and added: "For it is evident that our Lord has sprung out of Judah." And these promises David the king and prophet received from the God of all. For he said to him: "His seed I will prepare for ever, and I will build up your throne to all generations." And again: "And I will make his seed to endure for ever and ever, and his throne as the days of heaven." And a little after: "Once have I sworn by my holiness, I will not lie to David; His seed endures forever, and his throne as the sun before
58
διαῤῥήδην ἐπέδειξεν. Ἔφη γάρ· "Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται· καὶ τί εἴπω; Πάτερ, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης, ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο ἐλήλυθα εἰς τὴν ὥραν ταύτην." ∆ιὰ δὲ τούτων τῶν λογισμῶν ἐδήλωσεν ἀγωνίαν, νῦν μὲν τὸ πάθος ὑφορωμένων, νῦν δὲ τὸ δέος ἀπωθουμένων. Σαφέστερον δὲ τοῦτο τὸ δέος ἐδίδαξεν ὁ Λουκᾶς. Οὕτω γὰρ αὐτὸν ἔφησεν ἀγωνιάσαι τὸ πάθος, ὡς ὕφαιμον γενέσθαι τὸν ἱδρῶτα τοῦ σώ ματος. "Ἐγένετο γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ ἱδρὼς αὐτοῦ, ὡς 83.500 θρόμβοι αἵματος." Προστέθεικε δὲ καὶ τοῦτο, ὡς ἄγγελος ἐλθὼν ὑπεστήρισεν αὐτόν. ∆ιὰ πάντων δέ μοι ὅρα τῆς ἀνθρωπείας φύσεως τὴν ἀσθένειαν. Ἀνθ' ὅτου γὰρ καὶ τῆς τοῦ Μονογενοῦς ἡνωμένης θεότητος, καὶ ὡς χρίσματος παρόντος τοῦ Πνεύμα τος, ἄγγελος ὑπερείδει καὶ τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ τοῦ σώ ματος τὴν ἀσθένειαν; Ἦ δῆλον, ὅτι τῆς θείας φύσεως συγχωρούσης ταῦτα πάντα ἐγένετο, ὥστε τῶν ὕστε ρον ἐσομένων, τοὺς μὲν πιστεύοντας τῇ προσλήψει τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ τοῦ σώματος, βεβαιωθῆναι ταῖς ἀπο δείξεσι, τοὺς δὲ ἀντιλέγοντας τοῖς ἐναργέσι μαρτυ ρίοις, ἐλεγχθῆναι; Ι∆ʹ. -Ὅτι τελείαν τὴν ἀνθρωπείαν φύσιν ἀν έλαβεν. ∆ιὰ δὲ τοῦτο, καὶ ἄνθρωπον ἑαυτὸν, καὶ Υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου προσαγορεύει. Τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἀποστόλοις πολλάκις ἔφη· "Μέλλει ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου παρα δίδοσθαι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ἀποκτενοῦσιν αὐτὸν, καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἀναστήσεται. Τῷ δὲ ἀκο λουθῆσαι βουληθέντι, "Αἱ ἀλώπεκες, ἔφη, φωλεοὺς ἔχουσι, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κατασκηνώσεις· ὁ δὲ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλῖναι." Τοῖς δὲ Ἰουδαίοις ἄντικρυς εἴρηκε· Τί με ζητεῖτε ἀποκτεῖναι, ἄνθρωπον, ὃς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὑμῖν λελάληκα, ἣν ἤκουσα παρὰ τοῦ Πατρός μου;" Ὁ δὲ θεῖος Ἀπόστολοςβοᾷ. "Εἷς Θεὸς, εἷς καὶ μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώ πων." Καὶ πάλιν· "Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ δι' ἀνθρώπου ὁ θάνατος, καὶ δι' ἀνθρώπου ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν." Τού του δὴ χάριν, καὶ σπέρμα Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ υἱὸς ∆αβὶδ ὠνομάσθη. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὑπέσχετο τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, ἐν τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ εὐλογεῖν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, καὶ τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν καὶ τῷ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ τῷ Ἰακὼβ δέδωκεν, εἰκότως ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος Γαλάταις ἐπιστέλλων ἔφη· "Τῷ δὲ Ἀβραὰμ ἐῤῥέθησαν αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ." Καὶ διδά σκων τίνα προσηγόρευσε σπέρμα, ἐπήγαγεν· "Οὐ λέγει, Καὶ τοῖς σπέρμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν· ἀλλ' ὡς ἐφ' ἑνὸς, Καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅ ἐστιν ὁ Χρι στός." Καὶ Ἑβραίοις γράφων οὕτως ἔφη· "Οὐ γὰρ δήπου ἀγγέλων ἐπιλαμβάνεται, ἀλλὰ σπέρματος Ἀβραὰμ ἐπιλαμβάνεται, ὅθεν ὤφειλε κατὰ πάντα τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὁμοιωθῆναι, ἵνα ἐλεήμων γένηται καὶ πιστὸς ἀρχιερεὺς τὰ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν." Ἐπειδὴ δὲ καὶ τῷ Ἰούδᾳ ἣν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων ἔλαβεν Ἰακὼβ ὁ πατριάρχης εὐλογίαν ἀπένειμεν, εἰρηκώς· "Οὐκ ἐκλείψει ἄρχων ἐξ Ἰούδα, καὶ ἡγούμενος ἐκ τῶν μηρῶν σου, ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ᾧ ἀπόκειται, καὶ αὐτὸς προσδοκία ἐθνῶν ἔσται·" καὶ Μιχαίας δὲ ὁ προφήτης ἀνανεοῦται τὴν πρόῤῥησιν, εἰπών· "Καὶ σὺ, Βηθλεὲμ, γῆ Ἰούδα, οὐδαμῶς ἐλαχίστη εἶ ἐν 83.501 τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν Ἰούδα· ἐκ σοῦ γὰρ ἐξελεύσεταί μοι ἡγούμενος, καὶ αἱ ἔξοδοι αὐτοῦ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς ἀφ' ἡμερῶν αἰῶνος." Καὶ πάλιν ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος δέδειχε τὸ τῶν προῤῥήσεων τέλος, καὶ ἐπήγαγε· "Πρόδηλον γὰρ ὅτι ἐξ Ἰούδα ἀνατέταλκεν ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν." Ταύτας δὲ τὰς ἐπαγγελίας καὶ ∆αβὶδ ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ προ φήτης παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων ἐδέξατο. Ἔφη γὰρ πρὸς αὐτόν· "Ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος ἑτοιμάσω τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ οἰκοδομήσω εἰς γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν τὸν θρόνον σου." Καὶ πάλιν· "Καὶ θήσομαι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ, ὡς τὰς ἡμέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ." Καὶ μετ' ὀλίγα· "Ἅπαξ ὤμοσα ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ μου, εἰ τῷ ∆αβὶδ ψεύσομαι· Τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα μένει, καὶ ὁ θρόνος αὐτοῦ ὡς ἥλιος ἐναντίον