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The chief Peter also made known to us the difference of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit from both; "for the Son," he says, "having received the promise of the Spirit from the Father, poured this out which you now see and hear," openly stating that saying of the Lord and teacher, "but when the Comforter comes, whom I will send from the Father."

Therefore the Spirit is poured out to us from the Father as also His own, but from the Son as receiving from the Father. Thus, the Son does not have the Spirit from Himself (p. 304), nor does the Spirit have His existence through the Son, but the Father has it from Himself, proceeding immediately from Himself without cause and pre-eternally; but the Son also, he says, makes this well up for us from His own nature, reasonably and most truly; for there is one nature in the Three and they are naturally in one another. And whenever this divinely-minded Cyril says the Spirit is from the essence of the Son, he shows that He is consubstantial, but not that the Son is the cause of the Spirit. Since he also wrote such things to those who speak against the consubstantial; for the Holy Spirit is called living water, and the Father is the fount of this water, who says through the prophet concerning the Jews: "they have forsaken me, the fount of living water, and hewn for themselves broken cisterns."

The Son is also a fount of this water, just as Chrysostom also, writing concerning baptism, "the Savior," he says, "shows Himself to be a fount of life and the Holy Spirit living water." But Christ shows that the Holy Spirit Himself is also a fount of this water; "for he who drinks," He says, "of the water that I will give him will never be thirsty for eternity; but the water that I will give, that is, the Holy Spirit, will become in him a fount of water springing up to eternal life."

Therefore the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are together a fount of living water, that is, of the divine grace and energy of the Spirit. For Scripture, says father Chrysostom, calls the grace of the Spirit sometimes fire, sometimes water, showing that these are not names of essence, but of energy." For the Holy Spirit is not composed of different essences, being both invisible and simple. "But," they say, "the Holy Spirit wells up from the divine nature and from that of the Son Himself." Let it be so, if you wish, (p. 306) even with respect to the eternal existence; He springs, then, from the divine nature, but according to the paternal hypostasis alone. For which reason none of the pious theologians from eternity has ever said that the Spirit is from the hypostasis of the Son, but from the hypostasis of the Father; but if anyone should say that He is from the nature of the Son and naturally from Him, it is as the nature of the Father and the Son being one and the same.

For to speak according to the divine Cyril himself, as he writes To Hermias, "the Son would not be conceived as other than the Father, as regards natural identity, and certainly also the Holy Spirit," as the same one, explaining that gospel saying, "for he will not speak on his own authority," says, "the Holy Spirit is nothing other than the Son, as regards identity of nature." "But the fount of life," according to the great Dionysius, "is the divine nature poured into itself and standing on itself and always contemplated through itself."

But it is not possible, he says, for the Spirit to be from the essence of the Son and not be from His hypostasis; for they do not comprehend that, when something is of one essence and hypostasis, that which has its existence in any way from that essence also has it from that hypostasis, and conversely; for whatever is from the hypostasis

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κορυφαῖος Πέτρος καί αὐτῆς τῆς παρ᾿ ἀμφοτέρων ἐκχύσεως τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος διαφοράν ἐγνώρισεν ἡμῖν˙ «τήν γάρ ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Πνεύματος ὁ Υἱός λαβών, φησί, παρά τοῦ Πατρός, ἐξέχεε τοῦτο ὅ νῦν ὑμεῖς βλέπετε καί ἀκούετε», ἄντικρυς ἐκείνην λέγων τοῦ Κυρίου καί διδασκάλου τήν φωνήν, «ὅταν δέ ἔλθῃ ὁ παράκλητος, ὅν ἐγώ πέμψω παρά τοῦ Πατρός».

Ἐκχεῖται τοιγαροῦν ἡμῖν τό Πνεῦμα παρά τοῦ Πατρός ὡς καί ἑαυτοῦ, παρά δέ τοῦ Υἱοῦ ὡς παρά τοῦ Πατρός λαμβάνοντος. Ὥστε, οὐκ ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ μέν ἔχει τό Πνεῦμα (σελ. 304) ὁ Υἱός, οὐδέ διά τοῦ Υἱοῦ τήν ὕπαρξιν τό Πνεῦμα ἔχει, ἀλλ᾿ ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ ἔχει ὁ Πατήρ, ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέσως ἐκπορευόμενον ἀναιτίως καί προαιωνίως˙ ἀλλά καί ἐκ τῆς ἰδίας ἡμῖν, φησί, ὁ Υἱός τοῦτ᾿ ἀναπηγάζει φύσεως, εἰκότως καί παναληθῶς˙ μία γάρ φύσις τοῖς τρισί καί φυσικῶς ἔνεισιν ἀλλήλοις. Καί ὁσάκις ὁ θεόφρων οὗτος Κύριλλος ἐκ τοῦς οὐσίας τοῦ Υἱοῦ τό Πνεῦμα λέγει, τό ὁμοούσιον παρίστησιν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ αἴτιον εἶναι τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Πνεύματος. Ἐπεί καί πρός τούς ἀντιλέγοντας τῷ ὁμοουσίῳ τά τοιαῦτα γέγραφεν˙ ὕδωρ μέν γάρ ζω[ν ακλεῖται τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον καί πηγή ἐστι τούτου τοῦ ὕδατος ὁ Πατήρ, ὅς διά τοῦ προφήτου περί τῶν Ἰουδαίων λέγει˙ «ἐμέ ἐγκατέλιπον πηγήν ὕδατος ζῶντος καί ὤρυξαν ἑαυτοῖς λάκκους συντετριμμένους».

Πηγή ἐστι τούτου τοῦ ὕδατος καί ὁ Υἱός, καθό καί ὁ Χρυσόστομος περί τοῦ βαπτίσματος γράφων, «δείκνυσι», φησίν, «ἑαυτόν ὁ σωτήρ πηγήν ζωῆς καί ὕδωρ ζῶν τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον». Ἀλλά τοῦ ὕδατος τούτου πηγήν εἶναι δείκνυσιν ὁ Χριστός καί αὐτό τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον˙ «ὁ πιών γάρ», φησίν, «ἐκ τοῦ ὕδατος οὗ ἐγώ δώσω αὐτῷ, οὐ μή διψήσῃ εἰς τόν αἰῶνα˙ ἀλλά τό ὕδωρ ὅ ἐγώ δώσω, δηλαδή τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, γενήσεται αὐτῷ πηγή ὕδατος ἁλλομένου εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον».

Ἔστιν οὖν καί ὁ Πατήρ καί ὁ Υἱός καί τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον ὁμοῦ πηγή τοῦ ζῶντος ὕδατος, τουτέστι τῆς θείας χάριτος καί ἐνεργείας τοῦ Πνεύματος. Τήν χάριν γάρ τοῦ Πνεύματος ἡ Γραφή, ὁ Χρυσόστομός φησι πατήρ, ποτέ μέν πῦρ, ποτέ δέ ὕδωρ καλεῖ δεικνῦσα ὅτι οὐ οὐσίας ἐστί ταῦτα ὀνόματα, ἀλλ᾿ ἐνεργείας». Οὐ γάρ ἐκ διαφόρων οὐσιῶν συνέστηκε τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, ἀόρατόν τε καί μονοειδές ὄν. «Ἀλλ᾿ ἐκ τῆς θείας φύσεως», φασί, «καί αὐτῆς τῆς τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἀναπηγάζει τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον». Ἔστω δή, εἰ βούλεσθε, (σελ. 306) καί κατά τήν ἀΐδιον ὕπαρξιν˙ πηγάζει γοῦν ἐκ τῆς θείας φύσεως, ἀλλά καθ᾿ ὑπόστασιν μόνην τήν πατρικήν. ∆ιό οὐδείς οὐδέποτε τῶν ἀπ᾿ αἰῶνος εὐσεβῶν θεολόγων ἐκ τῆς ὑποστάσεως εἶναι τοῦ Υἰοῦ τό Πνεῦμα εἶπεν, ἀλλ᾿ ἐκ τῆς τοῦ Πατρός ὑποστάσεως˙ ἐκ δέ τῆς φύσεως τοῦ Υἱοῦ καί φυσικῶς εἶναι ἐξ αὐτοῦ εἴπερ τις φαίη, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς μιᾶς καί τῆς αὐτῆς φύσεως οὔσης τοῦ Πατρός καί τοῦ Υἱοῦ.

Ἵνα γάρ κατ᾿ αὐτόν εἴπω τόν θεῖον Κύριλλον, ὡς αὐτός Πρός Ἑρμείαν γράφει, «οὐχ ἕτερος ἄν ὁ Υἱός εἶναι νοοῖτο παρά τόν Πατέρα, ὅσον εἰς ταὐτότητα φυσικήν, πάντως δέ καί τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον», ὡς καί περί τούτου ὁ αὐτός ἐξηγούμενος ἐκεῖνο τό εὐαγγελικόν, «οὐ γάρ λαλήσει ἀφ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ», φησίν, «οὐδέν ἕτερον παρά τόν Υἱόν ὑπάρχει τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, ὅσον εἰς ταὐτότητα φύσεως». «Πηγή δέ ἐστι ζωῆς, κατά τόν μέγαν ∆ιονύσιον, ἡ θεία φύσις εἰς ἑαυτήν χεομένη καί ἐφ᾿ ἑαυτῆς ἑστῶσα καί ἀεί δι᾿ ἑαυτῆς θεωμένη».

Ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἔστι, φησίν, ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ Υἱοῦ εἶναι τό Πνεῦμα καί ἐκ τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ μή εἶναι˙ οὐ γάρ συνορῶσιν, ὡς, ὅταν τι μιᾶς μέν οὐσίας ᾖ καί ὑποστάσεως, τό ἐξ ἐκείνης τῆς οὐσίας ἔχον ὁπωσδήποτε τήν ὕπαρξιν καί ἐκ τῆς ὑποστάσεως ἐκείνης ταύτην ἔχει, καί ἀντιστρόφως˙ ὅ γάρ ἄν ἐκ τῆς ὑποστάσεως