To that objection, she replied, we answer this. The speculative and critical faculty is the property of the soul’s godlike part; for it is by these that we grasp the Deity also. If, then whether by forethought here, or by purgation hereafter, our soul becomes free from any emotional connection with the brute creation, there will be nothing to impede its contemplation of the Beautiful; for this last is essentially capable of attracting in a certain way every being that looks towards it. If, then, the soul is purified of every vice, it will most certainly be in the sphere of Beauty. The Deity is in very substance Beautiful; and to the Deity the soul will in its state of purity have affinity, and will embrace It as like itself. Whenever this happens, then, there will be no longer need of the impulse of Desire to lead the way to the Beautiful. Whoever passes his time in darkness, he it is who will be under the influence of a desire for the light; but whenever he comes into the light, then enjoyment takes the place of desire, and the power to enjoy renders desire useless and out of date. It will therefore be no detriment to our participation in the Good, that the soul should be free from such emotions, and turning back upon herself should know herself accurately what her actual nature is, and should behold the Original Beauty reflected in the mirror and in the figure of her own beauty. For truly herein consists the real assimilation to the Divine; viz. in making our own life in some degree a copy of the Supreme Being. For a Nature like that, which transcends all thought and is far removed from all that we observe within ourselves, proceeds in its existence in a very different manner to what we do in this present life. Man, possessing a constitution whose law it is to be moving, is carried in that particular direction whither the impulse of his will directs: and so his soul is not affected in the same way towards what lies before it89    κατὰ το ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῆς., as one may say, as to what it has left behind; for hope leads the forward movement, but it is memory that succeeds that movement when it has advanced to the attainment of the hope; and if it is to something intrinsically good that hope thus leads on the soul, the print that this exercise of the will leaves upon the memory is a bright one; but if hope has seduced the soul with some phantom only of the Good, and the excellent Way has been missed, then the memory that succeeds what has happened becomes shame, and an intestine war is thus waged in the soul between memory and hope, because the last has been such a bad leader of the will. Such in fact is the state of mind that shame gives expression to; the soul is stung as it were at the result; its remorse for its ill-considered attempt is a whip that makes it feel to the quick, and it would bring in oblivion to its aid against its tormentor. Now in our case nature, owing to its being indigent of the Good, is aiming always at this which is still wanting to it, and this aiming at a still missing thing is this very habit of Desire, which our constitution displays equally, whether it is baulked of the real Good, or wins that which it is good to win. But a nature that surpasses every idea that we can form of the Good and transcends all other power, being in no want of anything that can be regarded as good, is itself the plenitude of every good; it does not move in the sphere of the good by way of participation in it only, but it is itself the substance of the Good (whatever we imagine the Good to be); it neither gives scope for any rising hope (for hope manifests activity in the direction of something absent; but “what a man has, why doth he yet hope for?” as the Apostle asks), nor is it in want of the activity of the memory for the knowledge of things; that which is actually seen has no need of being remembered. Since, then, this Divine nature is beyond any particular good90    any particular good, not as Oehler, “jenseits alles Guten.” The Divine Being is the complement, not the negation, of each single good., and to the good the good is an object of love, it follows that when It looks within Itself91    ἐν ἑαυτῇ βλέπουσα. But Augentius and Sifanus seem to have read ἑαυτὴν: and this is supported by three Codd., It wishes for what It contains and contains that which It wishes, and admits nothing external. Indeed there is nothing external to It, with the sole exception of evil, which, strange as it may seem to say, possesses an existence in not existing at all. For there is no other origin of evil except the negation of the existent, and the truly-existent forms the substance of the Good. That therefore which is not to be found in the existent must be in the non-existent. Whenever the soul, then, having divested itself of the multifarious emotions incident to its nature, gets its Divine form and, mounting above Desire, enters within that towards which it was once incited by that Desire, it offers no harbour within itself either for hope or for memory. It holds the object of the one; the other is extruded from the consciousness by the occupation in enjoying all that is good: and thus the soul copies the life that is above, and is conformed to the peculiar features of the Divine nature; none of its habits are left to it except that of love, which clings by natural affinity to the Beautiful. For this is what love is; the inherent affection towards a chosen object. When, then, the soul, having become simple and single in form and so perfectly godlike, finds that perfectly simple and immaterial good which is really worth enthusiasm and love92    τὸ μόνον τῷ ὄντι ἀγαπητὸν καὶ ἐράσμιον., it attaches itself to it and blends with it by means of the movement and activity of love, fashioning itself according to that which it is continually finding and grasping. Becoming by this assimilation to the Good all that the nature of that which it participates is, the soul will consequently, owing to there being no lack of any good in that thing itself which it participates, be itself also in no lack of anything, and so will expel from within the activity and the habit of Desire; for this arises only when the thing missed is not found. For this teaching we have the authority of God’s own Apostle, who announces a subduing93    καταστολὴν. Cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 8–13. and a ceasing of all other activities, even for the good, which are within us, and finds no limit for love alone. Prophecies, he says, shall fail; forms of knowledge shall cease; but “charity never faileth;” which is equivalent to its being always as it is: and though94    Schmidt well remarks that there lies in λέγων here not a causal but only a concessive force: and he puts a stop before εἰκότως. Oehler has not seen that ἀγάπῃ is governed by the preposition σὺν in the verb “by the side of love,” and quite mistranslates the passage. he says that faith and hope have endured so far by the side of love, yet again he prolongs its date beyond theirs, and with good reason too; for hope is in operation only so long as the enjoyment of the things hoped for is not to be had; and faith in the same way is a support95    ἔρεισμα. in the uncertainty about the things hoped for; for so he defines it—“the substance96    ὑπόστασιςHeb. xi. 1. of things hoped for”; but when the thing hoped for actually comes, then all other faculties are reduced to quiescence97    reduced to quiescence, ἀτρεμούντων. This is the reading adopted by Krabinger, from four Codd., instead of the vox nihili of the editions, εὐτηρεμόντων. The contrast must be between “remaining in activity (ἐνεργεία),” and “becoming idle,” and he quotes a passage from Plotinus to show that ἀτρεμεῖν has exactly this latter sense. Cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 8, 10, καταργηθήσονται, καταργηθήσεται, and love alone remains active, finding nothing to succeed itself. Love, therefore, is the foremost of all excellent achievements and the first of the commandments of the law. If ever, then, the soul reach this goal, it will be in no need of anything else; it will embrace that plenitude of things which are, whereby alone98    whereby alone, καθ᾽ ὃ δοκεῖ μόνον πως αὐτῆς, κ. τ. λ, the reading of Sifanus. it seems in any way to preserve within itself the stamp of God’s actual blessedness. For the life of the Supreme Being is love, seeing that the Beautiful is necessarily lovable to those who recognize it, and the Deity does recognize it, and so this recognition becomes love, that which He recognizes being essentially beautiful. This True Beauty the insolence of satiety cannot touch99    the insolence of satiety cannot touch. Krabinger quotes from two of his Codd. a scholium to this effect: “Then this proves to be nonsense what Origen has imagined about the satiety of minds, and their consequent fall and recall, on which he bases his notorious teaching about the pre-existence and restoration of souls that are always revolving in endless motion, determined as he is, like a retailer of evil, to mingle the Grecian myths with the Church’s truth.” Gregory, more sober in his idealism, certainly does not follow on this point his great Master. The phrase ὑβριστὴς κόρος is used by Gregory Naz. also in his Poems (p. 32 A), and may have been suggested to both by some poet, now lost. “Familiarity breeds contempt” is the modern equivalent.; and no satiety interrupting this continuous capacity to love the Beautiful, God’s life will have its activity in love; which life is thus in itself beautiful, and is essentially of a loving disposition towards the Beautiful, and receives no check to this activity of love. In fact, in the Beautiful no limit is to be found so that love should have to cease with any limit of the Beautiful. This last can be ended only by its opposite; but when you have a good, as here, which is in its essence incapable of a change for the worse, then that good will go on unchecked into infinity. Moreover, as every being is capable of attracting its like, and humanity is, in a way, like God, as bearing within itself some resemblances to its Prototype, the soul is by a strict necessity attracted to the kindred Deity. In fact what belongs to God must by all means and at any cost be preserved for Him. If, then, on the one hand, the soul is unencumbered with superfluities and no trouble connected with the body presses it down, its advance towards Him Who draws it to Himself is sweet and congenial. But suppose100    But suppose, &c. Möller (Gregorii doctrina de hom. natur., p. 99) shows that the following view of Purgatory is not that taught by the Roman Church., on the other hand, that it has been transfixed with the nails of propension101    by the nails of propension. This metaphor is frequently used by Gregory. Cf. De Virginit. c. 5: “How can the soul which is riveted (προσηλωθεῖσα) to the pleasures of the flesh, and busied with merely human longings, turn a disengaged eye upon its kindred intellectual light?” So De Beatitud. Or. viii. (I. p. 833), &c. so as to be held down to a habit connected with material things,—a case like that of those in the ruins caused by earthquakes, whose bodies are crushed by the mounds of rubbish; and let us imagine by way of illustration that these are not only pressed down by the weight of the ruins, but have been pierced as well with some spikes and splinters discovered with them in the rubbish. What then, would naturally be the plight of those bodies, when they were being dragged by relatives from the ruins to receive the holy rites of burial, mangled and torn entirely, disfigured in the most direful manner conceivable, with the nails beneath the heap harrowing them by the very violence necessary to pull them out?—Such I think is the plight of the soul as well when the Divine force, for God’s very love of man, drags that which belongs to Him from the ruins of the irrational and material. Not in hatred or revenge for a wicked life, to my thinking, does God bring upon sinners those painful dispensations; He is only claiming and drawing to Himself whatever, to please Him, came into existence. But while He for a noble end is attracting the soul to Himself, the Fountain of all Blessedness, it is the occasion necessarily to the being so attracted of a state of torture. Just as those who refine gold from the dross which it contains not only get this base alloy to melt in the fire, but are obliged to melt the pure gold along with the alloy, and then while this last is being consumed the gold remains, so, while evil is being consumed in the purgatorial102    purgatorial, καθαρσί& 251·. Five of Krabinger’s Codd. and the versions of Augentius and Sifanus approve this reading. That of the Editions is ἀκοιμήτῳ. [This last epithet is applied to God’s justice (δικὴ) by Isidore of Pelusium, Ep. 90: and to the “worm,” and, on the other hand, the Devil, by Cyril Alexand. Act. Ephes., p. 252. Cf. S. Math. iii. 12; S. Mark ix. 48.] It is the same with αἰωνί& 251· before πυρὶ just below. The Editions have it; the Codd. and Latin versions have not: Krabinger therefore has not hesitated to expunge it. fire, the soul that is welded to this evil must inevitably be in the fire too, until the spurious material alloy is consumed and annihilated by this fire. If a clay of the more tenacious kind is deeply plastered round a rope, and then the end of the rope is put through a narrow hole, and then some one on the further side violently pulls it by that end, the result must be that, while the rope itself obeys the force exerted, the clay that has been plastered upon it is scraped off it with this violent pulling and is left outside the hole, and, moreover, is the cause why the rope does not run easily through the passage, but has to undergo a violent tension at the hands of the puller. In such a manner, I think, we may figure to ourselves the agonized struggle of that soul which has wrapped itself up in earthy material passions, when God is drawing it, His own one, to Himself, and the foreign matter, which has somehow grown into its substance, has to be scraped from it by main force, and so occasions it that keen intolerable anguish.

_Μ. Ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοῦτο, φησὶν, ἐκεῖνό φαμεν, ὅτι τὸ θεωρητικόν τε καὶ διακριτικὸν ἴδιόν ἐστι τοῦ θεοειδοῦς τῆς ψυχῆς, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸ Θεῖον ἐν τούτοις καταλαμβάνομεν. Εἰ τοίνυν εἴτε ἐκ τῆς νῦν ἐπιμελείας, εἴτε ἐκ τῆς μετὰ ταῦτα καθάρσεως ἐλευθέρα γένοιτο ἡμῖν ἡ ψυχὴ τῆς πρὸς τὰ ἄλογα τῶν παθῶν συμφυΐας, οὐδὲν πρὸς τὴν τοῦ καλοῦ θεωρίαν ἐναποδισθήσεται. Τὸ γὰρ καλὸν ἑλκτικόν πως κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ φύσιν παντὸς τοῦ πρὸς ἐκεῖνο βλέποντος. Εἰ οὖν πάσης κακίας ἡ ψυχὴ καθαρεύσειεν, ἐν τῷ καλῷ πάντως ἔσται. Καλὸν δὲ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ φύσει τὸ Θεῖον πρὸς ὃ διὰ τῆς καθαρότητος τὴν συνάφειαν ἕξει τῷ οἰκείῳ συναπτομένη.
Εἰ οὖν τοῦτο γένοιτο, οὐκέτι ἔσται χρεία τῆς κατ' ἐπιθυμίαν κινήσεως, ἣ πρὸς τὸ καλὸν ἡγεμονεύσει. Ὁ γὰρ ἐν σκότει τὴν διαγωγὴν ἔχων, οὗτος ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ τοῦ φωτὸς ἔσται: εἰ δὲ ἐν τῷ φωτὶ γένοιτο, τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐκδέξεται ἡ ἀπόλαυσις, ἡ δὲ ἐξουσία τῆς ἀπολαύσεως ἀργὴν καὶ ἕωλον τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐργάζεται. Οὐκοῦν οὐδεμία τις ἔσται διὰ τούτων ζημία πρὸς τὴν τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μετουσίαν, εἰ τοιούτων ἡ ψυχὴ κινημάτων ἐλευθέρα γένοιτο, πρὸς ἑαυτὴν πάλιν ἐπανελθοῦσα, καὶ ἑαυτὴν ἀκριβῶς εἰδοῦσα, οἵα τῇ φύσει ἐστὶ, καὶ οἷον ἐν κατόπτρῳ καὶ εἰκόνι διὰ τοῦ: οἰκείου κάλλους πρὸς τὸ ἀρχέτυπον βλέπουσα. Ἀληθῶς γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ ἔστιν εἰπεῖν τὴν ἀκριβῆ πρὸς τὸ Θεῖον εἶναι ὁμοίωσιν, ἐν τῷ μιμεῖσθαί πως τὴν ἡμετέραν ζωὴν τὴν ὑπερκειμένην οὐσίαν. Ἡ γὰρ ὑπεράνω παντὸς νοήματος φύσις πόῤῥω τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν θεωρουμένων ἀφιδρυμένη, ἄλλῳ τινὶ τρόπῳ τὴν ἰδίαν ἐξοδεύει ζωὴν, καὶ οὐ καθὼς ἡμεῖς νῦν ἐν τῷ ζῇν ἐσμεν. Ἄνθρωποι μὲν γὰρ, διὰ τὸ ἀεὶ πάντως ἐν κινήσει τὴν φύσιν εἶναι, καθάπερ ἂν ἡ ὁρμὴ τῆς προαιρέσεως γένηται, κατ' ἐκεῖνο φερόμεθα, οὐχ ὁμοίως τῆς ψυχῆς κατὰ τὸ ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῆς, ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις, καὶ τὸ ὀπίσω διακειμένης. Ἐλπὶς μὲν γὰρ καθηγεῖται τῆς ἐπὶ τὸ πρόσω κινήσεως, μνήμη δὲ δέχεται πρὸς τὴν ἐλπίδα προϊοῦσαν τὴν κίνησιν: ἀλλ' εἰ μὲν πρὸς τὸ φύσει καλὸν ἡ ἐλπὶς τὴν ψυχὴν ἄγοι, φαιδρὸν ἐνσημαίνεται τῇ μνήμῃ τὸ ἴχνος ἡ τῆς προαιρέσεως κίνησις: εἰ δὲ διαψευσθείη τοῦ κρείττονος, εἰδώλῳ τινὶ καλοῦ, παρασοφισαμένης τὴν ψυχὴν τῆς ἐλπίδος, ἡ ἐπακολουθοῦσα τοῖς γινομένοις μνήμη αἰσχύνη γίνεται. Καὶ ἐμφύλως οὗτος ὁ πόλεμος ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ συνίσταται, μαχομένης τῇ ἐλπίδι τῆς μνήμης, ὡς κακῶς καθηγησαμένης τῆς προαιρέσεως. Τοιοῦτον γάρ τινα νοῦν ἑρμηνεύει σαφῶς τὸ κατ' αἰσχύνην πάθος, ὅταν δάκνηται πρὸς τὸ ἀποβὰν ἡ ψυχὴ, οἷόν τινι μάστιγι τῇ μεταμελείᾳ καθαπτομένη τῆς ἀβουλήτου ὁρμῆς, καὶ εἰς συμμαχίαν κατὰ τοῦ λυποῦντος ἐφελκομένη τὴν λήθην.
Ἀλλ' ἡμῖν μὲν, διὰ τὸ πτωχὴν εἶναι τοῦ καλοῦ, ἡ φύσις ἀεὶ πρὸς τὸ ἐνδέον ἴεται, καὶ ἡ τοῦ λείποντος ἔφεσις αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ ἐπιθυμητικὴ τῆς φύσεως ἡμῶν διάθεσις, ἤτοι σφαλλομένη δι' ἀκρισίαν τοῦ ὄντος καλοῦ, ἢ καὶ τυγχάνουσα οὗ τυχεῖν ἀγαθόν. Ἡ δὲ ὑπερέχουσα πᾶσαν ἀγαθὴν ἔννοιαν φύσις, καὶ πάσης ὑπερκειμένη δυνάμεως, ἅτε μηδενὸς ἐνδεῶς ἔχουσα τῶν πρὸς τὸ ἀγαθὸν νοουμένων, αὕτη τῶν ἀγαθῶν οὖσα τὸ πλήρωμα, οὐδὲ κατὰ μετοχὴν καλοῦ τινος ἐν τῷ καλῷ κινουμένη, ἀλλ' αὐτὴ οὖσα ἡ τοῦ καλοῦ φύσις, ὅ τί ποτε καὶ εἶναι τὸ καλὸν ὁ νοῦς ὑποτίθεται, οὔτε τὴν ἐλπιστικὴν κίνησιν ἐν ἑαυτῇ δέχεται. Πρὸς γὰρ τὸ μὴ παρὸν ἡ ἐλπὶς ἐνήργηται μόνον. Ὃ δὲ ἔχει τις, τί καὶ ἐλπίζει; φησὶν ὁ Ἀπόστολος. Οὔτε τῆς μνημονευτικῆς ἐνεργείας πρὸς τὴν τῶν ὄντων ἐπιστήμην ἐπιδεής ἐστι: τὸ γὰρ βλεπόμενον τοῦ μνημονευθῆναι οὐκ ἐπιδέεται.
Ἐπεὶ δὲ οὖν παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ ἐπέκεινα ἡ θεία φύσις, τὸ δὲ ἀγαθὸν ἀγαθοῦ φίλον πάντως, διὰ τοῦτο ἐν ἑαυτῇ βλέπουσα, καὶ ὃ ἔχει θέλει, καὶ ὃ θέλει ἔχει, οὐδὲν τῶν ἔξωθεν εἰς ἑαυτὴν δεχομένη, ἔξω δὲ αὐτῆς οὐδὲν, ὅτι μὴ ἡ κακία μόνη, ἥτις, εἰ κἂν παράδοξον εἰπεῖν, ἐν τῷ μὴ εἶναι τὸ εἶναι ἔχει: οὐ γὰρ ἄλλη τίς ἐστι καὶ κακίας γένεσις, εἰ μὴ τοῦ ὄντος στέρησις. Τὸ δὲ κυρίως ὂν ἡ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ φύσις ἐστίν. Ὃ οὖν ἐν τῷ ὄντι οὐκ ἔστιν, ἐν τῷ μὴ εἶναι πάντως ἐστίν. Ἐπειδὰν οὖν καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ πάντα τὰ ποικίλα τῆς φύσεως ἀποσκευασαμένη κινήματα θεοειδὴς γίνεται, καὶ ὑπερβᾶσα τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐν ἐκείνῳ ᾖ, πρὸς ὃ ὑπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας τέως ὑπῄρετο, οὐκέτι τινὰ σχολὴν δίδωσιν ἐν ἑαυτῇ, οὔτε τῇ ἐλπίδι, οὔτε τῇ μνήμῃ, τὸ γὰρ ἐλπιζόμενον ἔχει: ἡ δὲ περὶ τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀσχολία τὴν μνήμην ἐκκρούει τῆς διανοίας: καὶ οὕτω τὴν ὑπερέχουσαν μιμεῖται ζωὴν τοῖς ἰδιώμασι τῆς θείας φύσεως ἐμμορφωθεῖσα, ὡς μηδὲν ὑπολειφθῆναι τῶν ἄλλων αὐτῇ, πλὴν τῆς ἀγαπητικῆς διαθέσεως, φυσικῶς τῷ καλῷ προσφυομένης. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ἡ ἀγάπη, ἡ πρὸς τὸ καταθύμιον ἐνδιάθετος σχέσις. Ὅταν οὖν ἡ ἁπλῆ καὶ μονοειδὴς καὶ ἀκριβῶς θεοείκελος ἡ ψυχὴ γινομένη εὕροιτο ἀληθῶς ἁπλοῦν τε καὶ ἄϋλον ἀγαθὸν, ἐκεῖνο τὸ μόνον τοιόν τι ἀγαπητὸν καὶ ἐράσμιον προσφύεταί τε αὐτῷ καὶ συνανακιρνᾶται διὰ τῆς ἀγαπητῆς κινήσεώς τε καὶ ἐνεργείας, πρὸς τὸ ἀεὶ καταλαμβανόμενόν τε καὶ εὑρισκόμενον ἑαυτὴν μορφοῦσα: καὶ τοῦτο γινομένη διὰ τῆς τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ὁμοιότητος, ὅπερ ἡ τοῦ μετεχομένου φύσις ἐστὶν, ἐπιθυμίας ἐν ἐκείνῳ μὴ οὔσης διὰ τὸ μηδέ τινος τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἔνδειαν ἐν αὐτῷ εἶναι, ἀκόλουθον ἂν εἴη καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἐν τῷ ἀνενδεεῖ γινομένην ἐκβάλλειν ἀφ' ἑαυτῆς καὶ τὴν ἐπιθυμητικὴν κίνησίν τε καὶ διάθεσιν, ἣ τότε γίνεται μόνον, ὅταν μὴ παρῇ τὸ ποθούμενον.
Τοῦ δὲ τοῦ τοιούτου δόγματος καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος ἡμῖν καθηγήσατο, πάντων τῶν νῦν ἐν ἡμῖν καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ κρείττονι σπουδαζομένων παῦλάν τινα καὶ καταστολὴν προαγγείλας, μόνης δὲ τῆς ἀγάπης οὐχ εὑρὼν τὸν ὅρον. Προφητεῖαι γὰρ, φησὶ, καταργηθήσονται, καὶ γνώσεις παύσονται: ἡ δὲ ἀγάπη οὐδέ ποτε πίπτει: ὅπερ ἴσον ἐστὶ τῷ ἀεὶ ὡσαύτως ἔχειν: ἀλλὰ καὶ πίστιν καὶ ἐλπίδα συμπαραμεμενηκέναι τῇ ἀγάπῃ λέγων, πάλιν καὶ τούτων αὐτὴν ὑπερτίθησιν εἰκότως. Ἡ γὰρ ἐλπὶς μέχρι ἐκείνου κινεῖται, ἕως ἂν μὴ παρείη τῶν ἐλπιζομένων ἀπόλαυσις, καὶ ἡ πίστις ὡσαύτως ἔρεισμα τῆς τῶν ἐλπιζομένων ἀδηλίας γίνεται. Οὕτω γὰρ αὐτὴν καὶ ὡρίσατο λέγων: Ἔστι δὲ πίστις ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις. Ἐπειδὰν δὲ ἔλθῃ τὸ ἐλπιζόμενον, τῶν ἄλλων εὐτηρεμόντων πάντων, ἡ κατὰ τὴν ἀγάπην ἐνέργεια μένει, τὸ διαδεχόμενον αὐτὴν οὐχ εὑρίσκουσαν. Διὸ καὶ προτερεύει τῶν τε κατ' ἀρετὴν κατορθουμένων ἁπάντων, καὶ τῶν τοῦ νόμου παραγγελμάτων. Εἰ οὖν ἐπὶ τοῦτό ποτε τὸ τέλος φθάσειεν ἡ ψυχὴ, ἀνενδεῶς ἕξει τῶν ἄλλων, ἅτε δὴ τοῦ πληρώματος περιδεδραγμένη τῶν ὄντων, καὶ δοκεῖ μόνη πως αὐτῆς τῆς θείας μακαριότητος ἐν αὐτῇ σώζειν τὸν χαρακτῆρα. Ἥ τε γὰρ ζωὴ τῆς ἄνω φύσεως ἀγάπη ἐστὶν, ἐπειδὴ τὸ καλὸν ἀγαπητὸν πάντως ἐστὶ τοῖς γινώσκουσι: γινώσκει δὲ αὐτὸ τὸ Θεῖον: ἡ δὲ γνῶσις ἀγάπη γίνεται. Διὸ τὸ καλόν ἐστι τῇ φύσει τὸ γινωσκόμενον, τοῦ δὲ ἀληθῶς καλοῦ ὁ ὑβριστὴς οὐ προσάπτεται κόρος: κόρου δὲ τὴν ἀγαπητικὴν πρὸς τὸ καλὸν σχέσιν οὐ διακόπτοντος, ἀεὶ ἡ θεία ζωὴ δι' ἀγάπης ἐνεργηθήσεται, ἣ καλή τε κατὰ φύσιν ἐστὶ, καὶ ἀγαπητικῶς πρὸς τὸ καλὸν ἐκ φύσεως ἔχει, καὶ ὅρον τῆς κατὰ τὴν ἀγάπην ἐνεργείας οὐκ ἔχει, ἐπειδὴ οὐδὲ τοῦ καλοῦ τι πέρας καταλαμβάνεται, ὡς συναπολήγειν τῷ πέρατι τοῦ καλοῦ τὴν ἀγάπην: μόνῳ γὰρ τῷ ἐναντίῳ τὸ καλὸν περατιοῦται: οὗ δὲ ἡ φύσις ἀνεπίδεκτός ἐστι τοῦ χείρονος, πρὸς τὸ ἀπέραντόν τε καὶ ἀόριστον τὸ ἀγαθὸν προελεύσεται.
Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἑλκτικὴ τῶν οἰκείων πᾶσα φύσις ἐστὶν, οἰκεῖον δέ πως τῷ Θεῷ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον, ἅτε δὴ φέρον ἐν ἑαυτῷ τοῦ ἀρχετύπου μιμήματα, ἕλκεται κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀνάγκην πρὸς τὸ θεῖόν τε καὶ συγγενὲς ἡ ψυχή. Δεῖ γὰρ πάντη καὶ πάντως τῷ Θεῷ ἀποσωθῆναι τὸ ἴδιον: ἀλλ' εἰ μὲν κούφη καὶ ἀπέριττος τύχῃ, μηδεμιᾶς σωματικῆς ἀχθηδόνος αὐτὴν πιεζούσης, ἡδεῖα καὶ εὔκολος αὐτῇ ἡ πρὸς τὸν ἐπισπώμενον προσχώρησις γίνεται. Εἰ δὲ τοῖς τῆς προσπαθείας ἥλοις εἰς τὴν πρὸς τὰ ὑλώδη σχέσιν καταπαρῇ, οἷόν τινα πάσχειν εἰκὸς ἐν τοῖς συμπτώμασι τῶν σεισμῶν, τὰ ἐμπιεσθέντα τοῖς χώμασι σώματα: προκείσθω δὲ καθ' ὑπόθεσιν τὸ μὴ βεβαρῆσθαι μόνον αὐτὰ τοῖς συμπτώμασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ διαπεπερονῆσθαί τισιν ὀβελοῖς ἢ ξύλοις τοῖς ἐνευρεθεῖσι τῷ χώματι: ὅπερ οὖν εἰκὸς ὑπομεῖναι τὰ οὕτω διακείμενα σώματα, παρὰ τῶν οἰκείων τῆς συμπτώσεως ὁσίας ἕνεκεν ἐξελκόμενα: ξανθήσεται γὰρ πάντως, καὶ σπαραχθήσεται, καὶ πᾶν ὁτιοῦν τῶν χαλεπωτάτων πείσεται, τοῦ χώματος αὐτὰ καὶ τῶν ἥλων διὰ τὴν τῶν ἐφελκομένων βίαν καταξαινόντων: τοιοῦτόν τί μοι δοκεῖ καὶ περὶ τὴν ψυχὴν γίνεσθαι πάθος, ὅταν ἡ θεία δύναμις ὑπὸ φιλανθρωπίας ἐκ τῶν ἀλόγων τε καὶ ὑλικῶν συμπτωμάτων ἐφέλκηται τὸ ἴδιον. Οὐ γὰρ μισῶν οὐδ' ἀμυνόμενος ἐπὶ τῇ κακῇ ζωῇ, κατά γε τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον, ἐπάγει τοῖς ἐξημαρτηκόσι τὰς ὀδυνηρὰς διαθέσεις ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ ἀντιποιούμενός τε καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἕλκων πᾶν ὅτιπερ αὐτοῦ χάριν ἦλθεν εἰς γένεσιν: ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν ἐπὶ τῷ κρείττονι σκοπῷ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν, ὅς ἐστι πηγὴ πάσης μακαριότητος, ἐπισπᾶται τὴν ψυχήν: ἐπισυμβαίνει δὲ κατ' ἀνάγκην ἡ ἀλγεινὴ διάθεσις τῷ ἑλκομένῳ.
Καὶ ὥσπερ τὴν ἐμμιχθεῖσαν τῷ χρυσίῳ ὕλην οἱ διὰ πυρὸς ἐκκαθαροῦντες οὐ μόνον τὸ νόθον τῷ πυρὶ τήκουσιν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀνάγκην καὶ τὸ καθαρὸν τῷ κιβδήλῳ συγκατατήκεται, κἀκείνου δὲ δαπανωμένου τοῦτο μένει: οὕτω καὶ τῆς κακίας τῷ ἀκοιμήτῳ πυρὶ δαπανωμένης, ἀνάγκη πᾶσα καὶ τὴν ἑνωθεῖσαν αὐτῇ ψυχὴν ἐν τῷ πυρὶ εἶναι, ὡς ἂν τὸ κατεσπαρμένον νόθον καὶ ὑλῶδες, καὶ κίβδηλον ἀπαναλωθῇ τῷ αἰωνίῳ πυρὶ δαπανώμενον. Καὶ καθάπερ εἴ τινι σχοινίῳ πηλὸς τῶν κολλωδεστέρων διὰ βάθους περιπλασθείη, εἶτα διά τινος λεπτοῦ χωρήματος ἡ ἀρχὴ διεξαχθείη τῆς σχοίνου, καὶ βιαίως τις ἐπὶ τὰ ἐντὸς ἐκ τοῦ ἄκρου τὴν σχοῖνον ἐφέλκοιτο, ἀνάγκη πᾶσα τὴν μὲν ἕπεσθαι τῷ ἐπισπωμένῳ, τὸν δὲ παραπλασθέντα πηλὸν ἐκ τῆς βιαίας ὁλκῆς ἔξω τῆς τρυμαλιᾶς μένειν τῆς σχοίνου ἀποξυόμενον, καὶ αἴτιον αὐτῇ γίνεσθαι τοῦ μὴ εὐοδοῦσθαι κατὰ τὴν πάροδον, ἀλλὰ βιαίαν ὑπομένειν ἐκ τοῦ ἐφελκομένου τὴν τάσιν: τοιοῦτόν τί μοι δοκεῖ καὶ τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἐννοεῖν ταῖς ὑλικαῖς τε καὶ γεώδεσι προσπαθείαις ἐνειληθεῖσαν, κάμνειν καὶ διατείνεσθαι, τοῦ μὲν Θεοῦ τὸ ἴδιον πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἕλκοντος: τοῦ δ' ἀλλοτρίου, διὰ τὸ συμφυῆναί πως αὐτῇ, βιαίως ἀποξυρομένου, καὶ τὰς δριμείας αὐτῇ καὶ ἀνυποστάτους ἀλγηδόνας ἐπάγοντος.