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good things, and not only was that sin taken away, but also all the rest, he has shown by saying: But the free gift is of many offenses unto justification. Wherefore it has been necessarily demonstrated together that death has been pulled up by the roots. It is necessary now to establish this also again, since he said that the second was greater than the first. For previously he said, that if the sin of one killed all, much more will the grace of one be able to save; after this he showed that not only was that sin taken away by grace, but also all the rest, and not only were sins taken away, but righteousness was also given; and Christ did not only benefit as much as Adam harmed, but much more and greater. Since, then, he has declared such things, he needs again even here a fuller establishment. How then does he establish it? For if by the offense of the one, he says, death reigned through the one, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ. What he says is something like this: What armed death against the world? The eating from the tree by the one man alone. If, then, death received so much strength from one offense, when some are found who have received grace and righteousness much greater than that sin, how will they be able to be still subject to death? For this reason he did not say here, grace, but, Abundance of grace; for we did not receive only as much from grace as we needed for the removal of sin, but much more. For we have been freed from punishment, and we have put off all evil, and we have been born again from above, and we have risen from the old buried man, and we have been redeemed, 60.477 and we have been sanctified, and we have been led into adoption, and we have been justified, and we have become brothers of the Only-Begotten, and we have been made fellow heirs and of the same body with him, and we belong to his flesh, and as a body to a head, so have we been united. All these things, then, Paul called an abundance of grace, showing that we have not received only a medicine to counteract the wound, but also health and beauty and honor and glory and dignities far surpassing our nature. And each of these was sufficient by itself to destroy death; but when all appear running together, not even a trace of it, nor a shadow can appear, having been utterly destroyed. As, then, if someone were to cast a man who owed ten obols into prison, not only him, but also his wife and children and servants because of him; but another coming should not only pay down the ten obols, but also grant ten thousand talents of gold, and bring the prisoner into royal courts, and to a throne of highest authority, and make him a partaker of the highest honor and of the other splendor, the lender could no longer remember the ten obols; so also has it happened in our case. For Christ has paid much more than what we owed, and so much more, as an infinite ocean is to a small drop. Do not doubt, then, O man, seeing such a wealth of good things, nor ask how that spark of death and of sin was quenched, when such an ocean of gifts was brought upon it. For Paul also alluded to this, saying that Those who have received the abundance of grace and of righteousness will reign in life; and since he clearly proved this, he again uses the first syllogism, strengthening it by repetition, and saying that, if through that offense all were punished, they could also from this be justified. Therefore he also says: So then as through one trespass condemnation came unto all men, even so through one act of righteousness justification of life came unto all men. And he struggles for it again, saying thus: For as through the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the one shall the many be made righteous. And it seems indeed a question not

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ἀγαθὰ, καὶ οὐκ ἐκείνη ἀνῄρηται ἡ ἁμαρτία μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ λοιπαὶ, ἔδειξεν εἰπών· Τὸ δὲ χάρισμα ἐκ πολλῶν παραπτωμάτων εἰς δικαίωμα. Ὅθεν ἀναγκαίως συναποδέδεικται καὶ τὸ τὸν θάνατον πρόῤῥιζον ἀνεσπάσθαι. Χρεία δὲ κατασκευάσαι λοιπὸν, ἐπειδὴ μεῖζον εἶπε τοῦ προτέρου τὸ δεύτερον, καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πάλιν. Πρότερον μὲν γὰρ εἶπεν, ὅτι Εἰ ἑνὸς ἁμαρτία ἀπέκτεινε πάντας, πολλῷ μᾶλλον καὶ ἑνὸς χάρις σῶσαι δυνήσεται· μετὰ ταῦτα ἔδειξεν, ὅτι οὐκ ἐκείνη ἀνῃρέθη μόνον ἡ ἁμαρτία διὰ τῆς χάριτος, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ λοιπαὶ, καὶ οὐχ ἁμαρτίαι ἀνῃρέθησαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ δικαιοσύνη ἐδόθη· καὶ οὐ τοσοῦτον ὠφέλησε μόνον ὁ Χριστὸς, ὅσον ἔβλαψεν ὁ Ἀδὰμ, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλῷ πλεῖον καὶ μεῖζον. Ἐπεὶ οὖν τοιαῦτα ἀπεφήνατο, δεῖται πάλιν καὶ ἐνταῦθα κατασκευῆς πλείονος. Πῶς οὖν αὐτὸ κατασκευάζει, Εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι, φησὶν, ὁ θάνατος ἐβασίλευσε διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς, πολλῷ μᾶλλον οἱ τὴν περισσείαν τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς δωρεᾶς τῆς δικαιοσύνης λαμβάνοντες, ἐν ζωῇ βασιλεύουσι διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστι· Τί τὸν θάνατον ὥπλισε κατὰ τῆς οἰκουμένης; Τὸ φαγεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου μόνον τὸν ἕνα ἄνθρωπον. Εἰ οὖν ὁ θάνατος τοσαύτην ἔλαβεν ἰσχὺν ἐξ ἑνὸς παραπτώματος, ὅταν εὑρεθῶσί τινες πολλῷ μείζονα τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐκείνης λαβόντες χάριν καὶ δικαιοσύνην, πῶς δυνήσονται εἶναι λοιπὸν ὑπεύθυνοι τῷ θανάτῳ; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐκ εἶπεν ἐνταῦθα, χάριν, ἀλλὰ, Περισσείαν χάριτος· οὐ γὰρ ὅσον ἐχρῄζομεν εἰς τὴν τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἀναίρεσιν, τοσοῦτον ἐλάβομεν μόνον ἐκ τῆς χάριτος, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλῷ πλέον. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ κολάσεως ἀπηλλάγημεν, καὶ κακίαν ἀπεδοσάμεθα πᾶσαν, καὶ ἀνεγεννήθημεν ἄνωθεν, καὶ ἀνέστημεν τοῦ παλαιοῦ ταφέντος ἀνθρώπου, καὶ ἀπελυτρώθη 60.477 μεν, καὶ ἡγιάσθημεν, καὶ εἰς υἱοθεσίαν ἤχθημεν, καὶ ἐδικαιώθημεν, καὶ ἐγενόμεθα ἀδελφοὶ τοῦ Μονογενοῦς, καὶ συγκληρονόμοι καὶ σύσσωμοι αὐτοῦ κατέστημεν, καὶ εἰς τὴν σάρκα αὐτοῦ τελοῦμεν, καὶ ὥσπερ σῶμα κεφαλῇ, οὕτως ἡνώμεθα. Ταῦτα οὖν ἅπαντα περισσείαν χάριτος ἐκάλεσεν ὁ Παῦλος, δεικνὺς ὅτι οὐ φάρμακον ἐλάβομεν ἀντίῤῥοπον τοῦ τραύματος μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑγείαν καὶ εὐμορφίαν καὶ τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν καὶ ἀξιώματα πολὺ τὴν ἡμετέραν ὑπερβαίνοντα φύσιν. Καὶ τούτων μὲν ἕκαστον ἱκανὸν ἦν καθ' ἑαυτὸ λῦσαι τὸν θάνατον· ὅταν δὲ ἅπαντα ὁμοῦ συντρέχοντα φαίνηται, οὐδὲ ἴχνος αὐτοῦ λοιπὸν, οὐδὲ σκιὰν φανῆναι δυνατὸν, ἄρδην ἀφανισθέντος. Ὥσπερ οὖν εἴ τις ὀβολοὺς δέκα ὀφείλοντά τινα εἰς δεσμωτήριον ἐμβάλοι, οὐκ αὐτὸν δὲ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ γυναῖκα καὶ παιδία καὶ οἰκέτας δι' αὐτόν· ἐλθὼν δὲ ἕτερος μὴ τοὺς δέκα ὀβολοὺς καταβάλοι μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μυρία χρυσοῦ τάλαντα χαρίσαιτο, καὶ εἰς βασιλικὰς αὐλὰς εἰσαγάγοι τὸν δεσμώτην, καὶ εἰς θρόνον ἀρχῆς ὑψηλοτάτης, καὶ κοινωνὸν τῆς ἀνωτάτης τιμῆς ποιήσειε καὶ τῆς ἄλλης περιφανείας, οὐκ ἂν δύναιτο λοιπὸν μεμνῆσθαι τῶν δέκα ὀβολῶν ὁ δανείσας· οὕτω καὶ ἐφ' ἡμῶν γέγονε. Πολλῷ γὰρ πλείονα ὧν ὀφείλομεν κατέβαλεν ὁ Χριστὸς, καὶ τοσούτῳ πλείονα, ὅσῳ πρὸς ῥανίδα μικρὰν πέλαγος ἄπειρον Μὴ τοίνυν ἀμφίβαλλε, ἄνθρωπε, τοσοῦτον πλοῦτον ὁρῶν ἀγαθῶν, μηδὲ ζήτει πῶς ὁ σπινθὴρ ἐκεῖνος τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐλύθη, τοσαύτης θαλάττης χαρισμάτων ἐπενεχθείσης αὐτῷ. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ Παῦλος ᾐνίξατο εἰπὼν, ὅτι Οἱ τὴν περισσείαν τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς δικαιοσύνης λαβόντες, ἐν ζωῇ βασιλεύσουσι· καὶ ἐπειδὴ σαφῶς τοῦτο ἀπέδειξε, πάλιν τῷ πρώτῳ κέχρηται συλλογισμῷ, ἐπισφίγγων αὐτὸν τῇ ἐπαναλήψει, καὶ λέγων, ὅτι, εἰ διὰ τοῦ παραπτώματος ἐκείνου ἐκολάσθησαν ἅπαντες, δύναιντ' ἂν καὶ ἐντεῦθεν δικαιωθῆναι. ∆ιὸ καὶ λέγει· Ἄρα οὖν ὡς δι' ἑνὸς παραπτώματος εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἰς κατάκριμα, οὕτω καὶ δι' ἑνὸς δικαιώματος εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἰς δικαίωσιν ζωῆς. Καὶ ἐπαγωνίζεται πάλιν αὐτῷ, οὕτω λέγων· Ὥσπερ γὰρ διὰ τῆς παρακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου ἁμαρτωλοὶ κατεστάθησαν οἱ πολλοὶ, οὕτω καὶ διὰ τῆς ὑπακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς δίκαιοι κατασταθήσονται οἱ πολλοί. Καὶ δοκεῖ μὲν ζήτημα οὐ