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who will raise this up and make it spiritual for you, who will also reign over you for endless ages, always bearing you up into the air and always being borne by you, the God over all, to whom is due all thanksgiving, honor, and worship, with His unoriginate Father and His all-holy and good and life-giving Spirit, now and ever and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

DISCOURSE IV.

On dispassion and of the gifts and graces therein that come with progress; and what is the perfection of spiritual maturity in Christ. (175)

Just as he who wishes to gaze upon the most brilliant sun must have clean

the eyes of his body, so too must he who undertakes to speak about dispassion have the pupils of his soul, that is, its senses, freed from every evil desire and passionate thought, lest, with his mind being troubled by any such thing, he will not be strong enough to look clearly into its height of purity and into its depth, or to speak clearly and worthily to understand the multitude and magnitude of its energies and gifts. For if with a clouded mind and an impure heart he begins [to speak] of its contemplative insights and subject matter, not being able to articulate its energies with unhindered speech, he will fall away even from the good things he has perhaps received from it in part, as one who scorns and dishonors it and obscures its glory; for it is written: "To everyone who has, more will be given, and he will have an abundance; but from him who has not, even what he thinks he has will be taken away from him."

Therefore, as many as have dispassion, clearly they love it and are loved ardently by it; and speaking about its (176) insatiability, they become even more dispassionate from it, being kindled with longing for it. But as many as are still bound to some small and common desire for the world and its affairs, or to some passion both of body and of soul, are far and distant from its harbor. Hence, even if they begin to speak about dispassion and attempt to raise their mind to its height, being dragged like slaves and enticed by the desire for the passion to which they are bound, they are deprived of the peace of their thoughts which they formerly seemed to have; and rightly so: "For by whatever a man is overcome," it says, "by this he is enslaved." Therefore, being filled with darkness from that source, they do not ascribe the cause of what is happening to themselves, but dare to attribute weakness to all-powerful dispassion. And this happens to them because they have absolutely no experience of its intellectual perception and contemplation and its all-effecting energy, but considering the things concerning it conjecturally and with various and manifold notions, being puffed up by falsely-named knowledge, they discourse on these things in different ways and assure those who inquire about things they do not know. For this very reason, they are never persuaded to perceive or confess the weakness that has come upon them and is present in them from unbelief and prejudice and long-standing habit and negligence, but they also insist that all other men are like themselves and are enslaved by such passions; for they are not permitted by conceit and envy ever to bear witness that someone is greater than themselves in virtue and sobriety.

But may it not be that we, the lowly and unworthy to speak, playing the hypocrite in this way concerning such things, should speak falsely against the truth and make assertions about things which

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τοῦτο ἀναστήσοντα καί πνευματικόν σοι παρέχοντα, ὅς καί βασιλεύων ἔσεται ἐπί σέ εἰς τούς ἀπεράντους αἰῶνας, ἀεί σε βαστάζων εἰς τόν ἀέρα καί ὑπό σοῦ ἀεί βασταζόμενος, ὁ ἐπί πάντων Θεός, ᾧ πρέπει πᾶσα εὐχαριστία, τιμή καί προσκύνησις σύν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ αὐτοῦ Πατρί καί τῷ παναγίῳ καί ἀγαθῷ καί ζωοποιῷ αὐτοῦ Πνεύματι νῦν καί ἀεί καί εἰς τούς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων· ἀμήν.

ΛΟΓΟΣ ∆΄.

Περί ἀπαθείας καί τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ κατά προκοπήν χαρισμάτων καί δωρεῶν· καί τίς ἡ τελείωσις τῆς κατά Χριστόν πνευματικῆς ἡλικίας. (175)

Ὥσπερ ὁ τῷ λαμπροτάτῳ ἡλίῳ ἐνατενίζειν βουλόμενος καθαρούς ὀφείλει τούς

τοῦ σώματος ὀφθαλμούς ἔχειν, οὕτω καί ὁ περί ἀπαθείας λέγειν ἐπιχειρῶν τάς τῆς ψυχῆς κόρας, εἴτ᾿ οὖν αἰσθήσεις, ἀπηλλαγμένας ἔχειν πάσης ἐπιθυμίας πονηρᾶς καί ἐμπαθοῦς λογισμοῦ χρεωστεῖ, ἵνα μή, ὑπό τῶν τοιούτων τινός τόν νοῦν ὀχλούμενος, εἰς τό τῆς καθαρότητος αὐτῆς ὕψος καί εἰς τόν ταύτης βυθόν οὐκ ἐξισχύσει τρανῶν ἀποβλέψαι ἤ σαφῶς ἐξειπεῖν καί ἀξίως κατανοῆσαι τό πλῆθος καί μέγεθος τῶν ἐνεργειῶν καί χαρισμάτων αὐτῆς. Εἰ γάρ τεθολωμένῳ τῷ νῷ καί ἀκαθάρτῳ τῇ καρδίᾳ τῶν αὐτῆς ἄρξεται θεωρημάτων καί ὑποθέσεως, μή δυνάμενος διατρανῶσαι τάς ἐνεργείας αὐτῆς ἐλευθέρῳ τῷ λόγῳ, ἐκπεσεῖται καί ὧν ἴσως ἐκ μέρους ἔλαβεν ἐξ αὐτῆς ἀγαθῶν, οἷα δή ὡς ἐξουθενῶν καί ἀτιμάζων αὐτήν καί ὡς τήν δόξαν αὐτῆς ἀμαυρῶν· γέγραπται γάρ· "Παντί τῷ ἔχοντι δοθήσεται καί περισσευθήσεται, ἀπό δέ τοῦ μή ἔχοντος καί ὅ δοκεῖ ἔχειν ἀρθήσεται ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ".

Ὅσοι τοιγαροῦν ἀπάθειαν ἔχουσι, δηλονότι φιλοῦσιν αὐτήν καί φιλοῦνται σφοδρῶς ὑπ᾿ αὐτῆς· καί τά περί τῆς (176) ἀκορέστου διαλεγόμενοι, ἀπαθέστεροι ἔτι παρ᾿ αὐτῆς γίνονται, τῷ περί αὐτήν ἐκκαιόμενοι πόθῳ. Ὅσοι δέ προσδέδενται μικρᾷ ἔτι καί τῇ τυχούσῃ ἐπιθυμίᾳ τοῦ κόσμου καί τῶν πραγμάτων αὐτοῦ, ἤ πάθει τινί σωματικῷ τε καί ψυχικῷ, μακράν εἰσι καί ἀπέχουσι τοῦ λιμένος αὐτῆς· ὅθεν καί ἐάν περί ἀπαθείας λέγειν ἀπάρξωνται καί πρός τό ὕψος αὐτῆς τόν νοῦν ἆραι ἐπιχειρήσωσιν, ἑλκόμενοι οἷα δοῦλοι καί δελεαζόμενοι ὑπό τῆς ἐπιθυμίας τοῦ ἐν ᾧ προσδέδενται πάθους, καί ἧς πρώην ἐδόκουν ἔχειν εἰρήνης ἀποστεροῦνται τῶν λογισμῶν· καί εἰκότως· "Ὧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, φησί, τούτῳ δεδούλωται". Τοίνυν καί σκότους ἐκεῖθεν πληρούμενοι, τήν αἰτίαν οὐ σφίσιν αὐτοῖς τῶν γινομένων ἐπιγράφονται, ἀλλά τῇ παντοδυνάμῳ ἀπαθείᾳ ἀσθένειαν προσάπτειν κατατολμῶσι. Τοῦτο δέ συμβαίνει αὐτοῖς, ἐπειδή τῆς μέν νοερᾶς αἰσθήσεως καί θεωρίας καί τῆς παντουργοῦ ἐνεργείας αὐτῆς πεῖραν ὅλως οὐ κέκτηνται, στοχαστικῶς δέ καί ἐν ἐπινοίαις ποικίλαις καί πολυτρόποις τά κατ᾿ αὐτήν ἀναλογιζόμενοι, ἀλληνάλλως ταῦτα ὑπό τῆς ψευδωνύμου φυσιούμενοι γνώσεως φιλολογοῦσί τε καί περί ὧν οὐκ οἴδασι διαβεβαιοῦνται τούς πυθομένους. ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο οὐδέ τήν ἐξ ἀπιστίας καί προλήψεως καί μακρᾶς συνηθείας καί ἀμελείας προσγενομένην αὐτοῖς καί προσοῦσαν ἀσθένειαν συνιδεῖν ἤ καθομολογῆσαί ποτε πείθονται, ἀλλά καί πάντας ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους ὁμοίους ἑαυτῶν εἶναι καί ὑπό τῶν τοιούτων διαμαρτύρονται καταδουλοῦσθαι παθῶν· οὐ γάρ συγχωροῦνται ὑπό τῆς οἰήσεως καί τοῦ φθόνου μείζονα ποτε ἑαυτῶν ἐπ᾿ ἀρετῇ καί σωφροσύνῃ προσμαρτυρῆσαί τινι.

Ἀλλά μή γένοιτο ἡμᾶς, τούς εὐτελεῖς καί τοῦ λέγειν ἀναξίους, περί τοιούτων οὕτω καθυποκρινομένους, καταψεύδεσθαι τῆς ἀληθείας καί διαβεβαιοῦσθαι περί ὧν