77

to treat these as friends without any other consideration, both in conversations and in feasting together. All these, then, are the works and deeds of men who walk in the light; but as many as perceive themselves to be outside these and such things, let them not be led astray nor deceive themselves, but let them know for certain that they are walking in darkness.

And in addition to these, it is one thing to fear God and another to do His commandments, as it is written: "Fear the Lord, all you His saints," and again: "Turn away from evil and do good." It is one thing to be idle, another to be still, and another to be silent; furthermore, it is one thing to withdraw and to move from place to place, and another to be a pilgrim. It is one thing to be sinless and another to work the commandments. And above all these, it is one thing to resist and fight the enemies and another to completely defeat, subdue, and put them to death; the former is for combatants and saints, if they manage to be perfected in this, but the latter is for the dispassionate and perfect, that is, for those who through many toils and sweats have routed their own enemies and won a complete victory over them and have been gloriously adorned with the life-giving mortification of the Lord.

(180) Therefore, many indeed have devoted themselves to these things, each for a different reason, but very few are those who undertake these things with an innate fear and love for God, with unwavering faith, and these alone, being helped by grace, quickly achieve the practice of virtue and, progressing in all the aforementioned things, press onward hour by hour. But the others, "are left as in an impassable place" according to the saying, "to wander and not by a road," about whom it is written: "I sent them away according to the inclinations of their hearts; they will walk in their own inclinations." "For since they did not see fit to have God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a debased mind, to do what ought not to be done." Those, therefore, who have laid a good foundation of faith and hope in fear and trembling upon the rock of obedience to spiritual fathers, and who, as from the mouth of God, build unwaveringly upon this foundation of submission the things commanded by them, immediately succeed in denying themselves. For to fulfill not his own will but that of his spiritual father for the sake of God's commandment and training in virtue, produces not only self-denial but also mortification toward the whole world.

Then, as if in a desert, or rather outside the world, such a man, coming to full awareness, seized with ineffable fear and trembling, cries out to God with his whole soul, like Jonah from the whale, like Daniel from the lions' den, like the three youths from the fiery furnace, like Manasseh from the bronze fetters. And hearing him at once, the all-good Master, who gave His soul for us sinners, hearing the voice of his prayer with agonizing groans, delivers him, (181) as from a whale, that is, from the abyss of ignorance and the darkness of friendship with the world, so that he may no longer return to such things even in thought; and as from a lions' den, from the evil desires that seize and devour the souls of men; and as from a fiery furnace, from the passionate preconceptions that possess all men, which, like a fire, burn and destroy and forcibly drag us to improper deeds and kindle the flame of the passions in us, bedewing him in the Holy Spirit and rendering him unburnt; and as from the bronze fetters, from this earthy, heavy, and passionate flesh of ours, in which our soul dwells, and being terribly held, fettered, and weighed down, is completely immobile and unwilling for every virtue and for the working of God's commandments. From which

77

φίλοις καί τούτοις προσφέρεσθαι δίχα τινός ἄλλου διαλογισμοῦ ἔν τε ὁμιλίαις, ἔν τε συνεστιάσεσι. Ταῦτα μέν οὖν ἅπαντα ἔργα καί πράξεις τῶν ἐν φωτί περιπατούντων ἀνδρῶν εἰσι· ὅσοι δέ ἔξω τούτων καί τῶν τοιούτων ἑαυτούς εἶναι καταμανθάνουσι, μή πλανάσθωσαν μηδέ ἐξαπατάτωσαν ἑαυτούς, ἀλλά βεβαίως εἰδέτωσαν ὅτι ἐν σκότει πορεύονται.

Καί πρός τούτοις ἄλλο τό φοβεῖσθαι τόν Θεόν καί ἕτερον τό ποιεῖν τάς αὐτοῦ ἐντολάς, καθώς γέγραπται· "Φοβήθητε τόν Κύριον πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι αὐτοῦ", καί πάλιν· "Ἔκκλινον ἀπό κακοῦ καί ποίησον ἀγαθόν". Ἄλλο ἀργία καί ἕτερον ἡσυχία καί ἄλλο σιωπή· ἔτι δέ ἄλλο ἀναχώρησις καί ἡ ἐκ τόπων εἰς τόπους μετάβασις, καί ἕτερον ἡ ξενιτεία. Ἄλλο ἀναμαρτησία καί ἕτερον ἡ τῶν ἐντολῶν ἐργασία. Καί ἐπί πᾶσι τούτοις ἕτερον τό ἀνθίστασθαι καί πολεμεῖν τοῖς ἐχθροῖς καί ἄλλο τό τελείως ἡττῆσαι καί ὑποτάξαι καί θανατῶσαι αὐτούς· τό μέν πρότερον ἀγωνιστῶν ἐστι καί ἁγίων, ἐάν ἐν τούτῳ φθάσωσι τελειωθῆναι, τό δέ δεύτερον, ἀπαθῶν καί τελείων, διά κόπων δηλονότι πολλῶν καί ἱδρώτων τούς ἑαυτῶν τροπωσαμένων ἐχθρούς καί τελείαν τήν κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ἀραμένων νίκην καί τήν ζωηφόρον τοῦ Κυρίου νέκρωσιν στολισαμένων λαμπρῶς.

(180) Τοιγαροῦν καί πολλοί μέν πρός ταῦτα ἑαυτούς ἄλλος δι᾿ ἄλλο τι ἐπιδεδώκασιν, ὀλίγοι δέ λίαν οἱ μετά φόβου ἐμφύτου καί ἀγάπης τῆς πρός Θεόν μετά πίστεως ἀδιστάκτου τούτοις ἐπιχειροῦντες, οἵ καί μόνοι, ὑπό τῆς χάριτος βοηθούμενοι, συντόμως κατορθοῦσι τήν τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐργασίαν καί πρός τά προειρημένα πάντα προκόπτοντες καθ᾿ ὥραν προσεπεκτείνονται. Οἱ δ᾿ ἄλλοι "ἀφίενται ὡς ἐν ἀβάτῳ" κατά τό εἰρημένον "περιπλανᾶσθαι καί οὐχ ὁδῷ", περί ὧν γέγραπται· "Ἐξαπέστειλα αὐτούς κατά τά ἐπιτηδεύματα τῶν καρδιῶν αὐτῶν· πορεύσονται ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν αὐτῶν". "Καθό γάρ οὐκ ἐδοκίμασαν τόν Θεόν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει, παρέδωκεν αὐτούς ὁ Θεός εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν ποιεῖν τά μή καθήκοντα". Οἱ οὖν καλόν τόν θεμέλιον τῆς πίστεως καί ἐλπίδος ἐν φόβῳ καί τρόμῳ ἐπί πέτραν ὑπακοῆς πνευματικῶν πατέρων καταβαλόντες καί ὡς ἐκ Θεοῦ στόματος τά παρ᾿ ἐκείνων ἐντελλόμενα τῷ θεμελίῳ τούτῳ τῆς ὑποταγῆς ἀδιστάκτως ἐποικοδομοῦντες εὐθύς κατορθοῦσι τό ἀπαρνήσασθαι ἑαυτούς. Τό γάρ μή τό ἑαυτοῦ ἀλλά τό τοῦ πνευματικοῦ πατρός αὐτοῦ θέλημα ἐκπληροῦν ἕνεκεν ἐντολῆς Θεοῦ καί γυμνασίας πρός ἀρετήν, οὐ μόνον ἀπάρνησιν ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλά καί νέκρωσιν τήν πρός τόν κόσμον ἅπαντα ἐμποιεῖ.

Ἔπειτα ὡς ἐν ἐρήμῳ, μᾶλλον δέ ἔξω τοῦ κόσμου, ἐν αἰσθήσει τελείᾳ γενόμενος ὁ τοιοῦτος, ἀρρήτῳ φόβῳ καί τρόμῳ κατασχεθείς, βοᾷ πρός τόν Θεόν ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς, ὡς ὁ ἐκ Ἰωνᾶς ἐκ τοῦ κήτους, ὡς ὁ ∆ανιήλ ἐκ τοῦ λάκκου τῶν λεόντων, ὡς οἱ τρεῖς παῖδες ἐκ τῆς καμίνου τοῦ πυρός, ὡς ὁ Μανασσῆς ἐκ τοῦ χαλκουργήματος. Οὗ καί εἰσακούων ὁ πανάγαθος ∆εσπότης εὐθύς, ὁ δούς τήν ψυχήν αὐτοῦ ὑπέρ ἡμῶν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν, τῶν κατωδύνων στεναγμῶν τῆς φωνῆς τῆς δεήσεως αὐτοῦ, ῥύεται αὐτόν, (181) ὡς ἐκ κήτους μέν, ἐκ τοῦ βυθοῦ τῆς ἀγνοίας καί τοῦ σκοτασμοῦ τῆς φιλίας τοῦ κόσμου πρός τό μηκέτι αὐτόν πρός τά τοιαῦτα κἄν τῷ λογισμῷ ἐπιστρέψαι· ὡς ἐκ λάκκου δέ τῶν λεόντων, τῶν πονηρῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν τῶν ἁρπαζόντων καί κατεσθιόντων τάς τῶν ἀνθρώπων ψυχάς· ὡς ἐκ καμίνου δέ πυρός, ἐκ τῶν κατεχόντων πάντας ἀνθρώπους προλήψεων ἐμπαθῶν, τῶν ὡς πῦρ κατακαιόντων καί καταλυμαινομένων καί πρός ἀτόπους πράξεις βίᾳ ἑλκόντων ἡμᾶς καί τήν φλόγα τῶν παθῶν ἐν ἡμῖν ἀναπτόντων, καταδροσίζων ἐν Ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι καί ἀκατάφλεκτον ἀποτελῶν αὐτόν· ὡς ἐκ τοῦ χαλκουργήματος δέ, ἐκ τῆς γεώδους καί βαρείας καί ἐμπαθοῦς ἡμῶν ταύτης σαρκός, ἐν ᾗ οἰκοῦσα ἡμῶν ἡ ψυχή καί δεινῶς κατεχομένη καί πεδουμένη καί βαρουμένη, πρός πᾶσαν ἀρετήν καί ἐργασίαν τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀκίνητος ὑπάρχει παντάπασι καί ἀπρόθυμος. Ἐξ ἧς