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Discourse 14. (216)

Concerning repentance and the beginning of the monastic life. And how one, advancing in virtue by a path and order in the working of the commandments, comes to perfection.

Brothers and fathers, he who has despised all visible things and his own soul, so that he may be able to show genuine repentance according to the commandment of the Lord and may begin this work, does not think to learn this from himself, but approaching a craftsman and experienced man, and having submitted to him with much fear and trembling and with intense attention, he learns from him and is taught the spiritual work of virtuous actions, and what one must do when repenting; and I speak of the fear and trembling lest he fail to attain such a good, and lest as some unapproved worker of the commandments he be condemned to the eternal fire. For, reckoning that man's words come forth as from the mouth of God, and that they are the cause of life and death in being kept or neglected, he keeps them with precision; and so—lest by saying many things I prolong the discourse—having begun, (217) and hanging on the promises of God with unhesitating faith, he makes progress according to God day by day, and advancing along the path, he increases in spiritual stature, and becomes a perfect man in Christ our God.

Of which promises, then, of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God? Hear with understanding what He promises us: "Amen I say to you that there is joy in heaven over one sinner who repents," and again: "Him that comes to me—that is, by such a path—I will in no wise cast out," and again: "If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink," and: "He that believes in me shall never see death," and elsewhere: "Draw near to me and I will draw near to you," and: "Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest," and in another place: "He that has my commandments, and keeps them, he it is that loves me: and he that loves me shall be loved of my Father, and I and the Father will come through the Spirit and make our abode with him," and: "If you, he says, being evil men, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask him?". In these promises, therefore, and assurances of God, hoping with unhesitating faith, as we said, with much eagerness and irrepressible impulse he tirelessly fulfills all His commandments. And the first commandment is this: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand," and again: (218) "Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you: For every one that asks receives; and he that seeks finds; and to him that knocks it shall be opened." And God, wishing to teach us in addition to these things how one must ask and by what words and works, said: "Whoever would be first among you, let him be last of all, and servant of all, and minister of all. For he who exalts himself shall be humbled, and he who humbles himself shall be exalted."

He who holds all these things and things like them unceasingly in his mind and occupies himself with them night and day, reckoning these things both mentally and sensibly and working at them with diligence, is separated little by little from the memory of the world, of the affairs of life, of possessions, of relatives and his own people, and is united accordingly with spiritual things. And so, making progress daily, he perceives how little by little the thoughts of preconceptions recede, then how these preconceptions themselves are diminished, and his heart, being softened, comes to humility;

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Λόγος Ι∆΄. (216)

Περί μετανοίας καί ἀρχῆς βίου μοναδικοῦ. Καί πῶς τις ὁδῷ καί τάξει προβαίνων εἰς ἀρετήν ἐν τῇ τῶν ἐντολῶν ἐργασίᾳ εἰς τελειότητα

ἔρχεται. Ἀδελφοί καί πατέρες, ὁ πάντων καταφρονήσας τῶν ὁρωμένων καί αὐτῆς αὐτοῦ

τῆς ψυχῆς, ἵνα γνησίαν μετάνοιαν δυνηθῇ ἐπιδείξασθαι κατά τήν ἐντολήν τοῦ Κυρίου καί τοῦ ἔργου τούτου ἐνάρξηται, οὐκ ἀφ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ τοῦτο μαθεῖν οἴεται, ἀλλά τεχνίτῃ καί ἐμπείρῳ ἀνδρί προσελθών, μετά φόβου καί τρόμου πολλοῦ καί μετά προσοχῆς συντόνου τούτῳ ὑποταγείς, μανθάνει ἐξ αὐτοῦ καί διδάσκεται τήν πνευματικήν ἐργασίαν τῶν ἐναρέτων πράξεων, καί τίνα μετανοῶν χρή ποιεῖν· φόβου δέ λέγω καί τρόμου τοῦ μή ἀποτυχεῖν αὐτόν τοῦ τοιούτου καλοῦ, καί ὡς ἀδόκιμόν τινα ἐργάτην τῶν ἐντολῶν καταδικασθῆναι τῷ αἰωνίῳ πυρί. Ὡς γάρ ἐκ στόματος Θεοῦ τούς ἐκείνου λόγους ἐξερχομένους λογιζόμενος καί ὡς αἰτίου ὄντας ζωῆς καί θανάτου ἐν τῷ φυλάσσεσθαι ἤ παρορᾶσθαι αὐτούς, ἀκριβῶς φυλάσσει αὐτούς· καί οὕτως ἵνα μή πολλά λέγων μηκύνω τόν λόγον ἐναρξάμενος (217) πίστει τε ἀδιστάκτῳ τῶν ἐπαγγελιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐκκρεμάμενος, προκόπτει κατά Θεόν ὁσημέραι, καί ὁδῷ προβαίνων αὐξάνει τήν πνευματικήν ἡλικίαν, καί γίνεται ἀνήρ τέλειος ἐν Χριστῷ τῷ Θεῷ.

Ποίων οὖν ἐπαγγελιῶν αὐτοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ; Ἄκουε συνετῶς οἷα ἡμῖν ἐπαγγέλλεται· "Ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι χαρά γίνεται ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ ἐπί ἑνί ἁμαρτωλῷ μετανοοῦντι", καί πάλιν· "Τόν ἐρχόμενον πρός με - διά τῆς τοιαύτης δηλονότι ὁδοῦ οὐ μή ἐκβάλω ἔξω", καί αὖθις· "Ὁ διψῶν ἐρχέσθω πρός με καί πινέτω", καί· "Ὁ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμέ οὐ μή ὄψεται θάνατον εἰς τόν αἰῶνα", καί ἀλλαχοῦ· "Ἐγγίσατέ μοι καί ἐγγιῶ ὑμῖν", καί· "∆εῦτε πρός με πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες καί πεφορτισμένοι, κἀγώ ἀναπαύσω ὑμᾶς", καί ἑτέρωθι· "Ὁ ἔχων τάς ἐντολάς μου καί τηρῶν αὐτάς, ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν ὁ ἀγαπῶν με· καί ὁ ἀγαπῶν με ἀγαπηθήσεται ὑπό τοῦ Πατρός μου, καί ἐγώ καί ὁ Πατήρ διά τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐλευσόμεθα καί μονήν παρ᾿ αὐτῷ ποιήσομεν", καί· "Εἰ ὑμεῖς, φησί, πονηροί ἄνθρωποι ὄντες, οἴδατε δόματα ἀγαθά διδόναι τοῖς τέκνοις ὑμῶν, οὐ πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ Πατήρ ὑμῶν ὁ οὐράνιος δώσει Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον τοῖς αἰτοῦσιν αὐτόν;". Ἐν ταύταις οὖν ταῖς ὑποσχέσεσι καί ταῖς ἐπαγγελίαις τοῦ Θεοῦ πίστει ἀδιστάκτῳ ἐλπίζων, ὡς ἔφαμεν, πολλῇ προθυμίᾳ καί ἀκατασχέτῳ ὁρμῇ πάσας τάς αὐτοῦ ἐντολάς ἀόκνως ἐπιτέλει. Πρώτη δέ ἐντολή αὕτη ἐστί· "Μετανοεῖτε, ἤγγικε γάρ ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν", καί αὖθις· (218) "Αἰτεῖτε καί δοθήσεται ὑμῖν, ζητεῖτε καί εὑρήσετε, κρούετε καί ἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν· πᾶς γάρ ὁ αἰτῶν λαμβάνει καί ὁ ζητῶν εὑρίσκει καί τῷ κρούοντι ἀνοιγήσεται". ∆ιδάξει δέ ἡμᾶς ἐπί τούτοις βουλόμενος ὁ Θεός, ὅπως δεῖ αἰτεῖσθαι καί διά ποίων ῥημάτων καί ἔργων, ἔφη· "Ὁ θέλων ἐν ὑμῖν εἶναι πρῶτος, γενέσθω πάντων ἔσχατος καί πάντων δοῦλος καί πάντων διάκονος. Ὁ γάρ ὑψῶν ἑαυτόν ταπεινωθήσεται, ὁ δέ ταπεινῶν ἑαυτόν ὑψωθήσεται".

Ταῦτα πάντα καί τά τούτοις ὅμοια ὁ ἀδιαλείπτως ἐν διανοίᾳ κρατῶν καί ἐν αὐτοῖς νυκτός καί ἡμέρας ἐνασχολούμενος, νοερῶς τε καί αἰσθητῶς ταῦτα λογιζόμενος καί σπουδῇ ἐργαζόμενος, χωρίζεται τῆς μνήμης κατ᾿ ὀλίγον τοῦ κόσμου, τῶν πραγμάτων τοῦ βίου, τῶν χρημάτων, τῶν συγγενῶν καί ἰδίων, καί τοῖς πνευματικοῖς ἀναλόγως συγγίνεται. Οὕτω δέ καθ᾿ ἡμέραν προκόπτων, ἐπαισθάνεται πῶς κατά μικρόν ὑποχωροῦσιν οἱ λογισμοί τῶν προλήψεων, εἶτα πῶς καί αἱ προλήψεις αὗται μειοῦνται, καί μαλασσομένη ἡ καρδία πρός ταπείνωσιν ἔρχεται·