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being lifted up, and then suddenly humbled again; in the same way, we see those who pursue arrogance, now thinking great things, and raising their eyebrows, and being fluttered about the affairs of the present life; but then suddenly humbled, and driven to extreme poverty. Alluding to these, the blessed David also said: Do not be afraid when a man becomes rich, or when the glory of his house is increased. He said well, "Do not be afraid." Let not the abundance of wealth, he says, nor the splendor of glory disturb you; for after a short while you will see him lying on the ground, inactive, dead, cast out, having become food for worms, rendered naked of all these things, and able to carry away absolutely nothing with him (for these things do not journey with those who depart from here), but leaving everything here, and clothed only in wickedness, and the burdens of sins gathered for him from it. Appropriately, therefore, it was called vainglory by the ancients; for it is empty within, having nothing useful; but just as masks seem to be bright and lovely, but are empty within, which is why, though being more comely than physical faces, they have never persuaded anyone to fall in love with them; so too, or rather more wretchedly, is the glory from the many. For nothing so 63.675 alienates from the philanthropy of God, and delivers to the fire of Gehenna, as the tyranny of pride. For when this is present with us, even if we practice temperance, or virginity, or fasting, or prayers, or almsgiving, or whatever we may accomplish, our whole life becomes unclean; For "unclean," it says, "before the Lord is every one that is proud in heart." Such an evil is vainglory, that it not only pushes those it has captured toward wickedness, but it also stands beside the virtues; and when it is not able to cast us out from there, it works great harm in virtue itself, compelling us to undergo the labors, but depriving us of the fruits. For it is not possible for one who desires both, to obtain both; for it is possible to obtain both, when we desire not both, but the one, that which is from heaven; but for one who loves both, it is not possible to obtain both. For he who does any of the good things for the sake of hunting glory from men, whether he is able to enjoy it or not, has received his reward here sufficiently, and will receive no recompense for it there. Why? Because by anticipating, he deprived himself of the honor from the judge, preferring the glory from men to the verdict of the just judge. But he who does any of the spiritual things for this reason alone, that he may please only that sleepless eye, both his treasure remains unspent, and the fruits of his virtue intact, and the good expectation from this time forth already provides him much consolation; and along with that reward being kept safe for him in an inviolable treasury, the glory from men will also follow. For then we enjoy it more abundantly, when we despise it, when we do not seek it, when we do not pursue it. For indeed in the horse races, those who drive the horses, while the whole populace applauds and pours out countless praises, do not turn around, nor do they reap any pleasure from their acclamations, but they look to one man alone, the emperor sitting in the middle, and attending to his nod they disregard the entire crowd, and then they think great things, when he, having crowned them, glorifies them. What then could be more wretched than those who pursue virtue for the display of men, and make their faces dismal with fasting, and make their prayers in the streets, when they endure the labors, but are deprived of all reward? What are you doing, O man? You are about to give an account of your deeds to one, and you call another as a witness of what is done? You have one judge, and you set up another as a spectator? Do you not see the charioteers, who, while the whole city sits above, in the contests of the horses

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αἰρόμενα, ἀθρόον δὲ πάλιν ταπεινούμενα· τὸν αὐτὸν δὴ τρόπον καὶ τοὺς τὴν ἀλαζονείαν μετιόντας ὁρῶμεν, νῦν μὲν μέγα φρονοῦντας, καὶ τὰς ὀφρῦς ἀνασπῶντας, καὶ περὶ τὰ τοῦ παρόντος βίου πράγματα ἐπτοημένους· ἀθρόον δὲ ταπεινουμένους, καὶ εἰς ἐσχάτην ἐλαύνοντας πενίαν. Τούτους καὶ ὁ μακάριος ∆αυῒδ αἰνιττόμενος ἔλεγε· Μὴ φοβοῦ ὅταν πλουτήσῃ ἄνθρωπος, ἢ ὅταν πληθυνθῇ ἡ δόξα τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ. Καλῶς εἶπε, Μὴ φοβοῦ. Μή σε θορυβείτω, φησὶν, ἡ τοῦ πλούτου περιουσία, καὶ ἡ τῆς δόξης περιφάνεια· ὄψει γὰρ μετ' οὐ πολὺ χαμαὶ κείμενον, ἀνενέργητον, νεκρὸν, ἐῤῥιμμένον, σκωλήκων γενόμενον τροφὴν, γυμνὸν τούτων ἁπάντων καθιστάμενον, καὶ οὐδὲν ὅλως μεθ' ἑαυτοῦ ἀπενεγκεῖν δυνηθέντα (οὐδὲ γὰρ συναποδημοῦσι τοῖς ἐντεῦθεν μεθισταμένοις), ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα ἅπαντα καταλιπόντα, καὶ μόνην τὴν κακίαν περιβεβλημένον, καὶ τὰ ἐκ ταύτης αὐτῷ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων συλλεγέντα φορτία. Εἰκότως ἄρα εἴρηται παρὰ τῶν παλαιῶν κενοδοξία· διάκενος γάρ ἐστιν ἔνδον, οὐδὲν ἔχουσά τι χρήσιμον· ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τὰ προσωπεῖα δοκεῖ μὲν εἶναι λαμπρὰ καὶ ἐπέραστα, κενὰ δὲ ἔνδοθέν ἐστι, διὸ καὶ τῶν σωματικῶν ὄψεων εὐπρεπέστερα ὄντα, οὐδένα οὐδέποτε πρὸς τὸν ἔρωτα ἰδεῖν ἔπεισε τὸν ἑαυτῶν· οὕτω, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀθλιώτερον, καὶ ἡ παρὰ τῶν πολλῶν δόξα. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτω 63.675 τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας ἀλλοτριοῖ, καὶ τῷ τῆς γεέννης παραδίδωσι πυρὶ, ὡς ἡ τῆς ὑπερηφανίας τυραννίς. Ταύτης γὰρ ἡμῖν παρούσης, κἂν σωφροσύνην, κἂν παρθενίαν, κἂν νηστείαν, κἂν εὐχὰς, κἂν ἐλεημοσύνην, κἂν ὁτιοῦν ἐπιτελῶμεν, ἅπας ἡμῶν ὁ βίος ἀκάθαρτος γίνεται· Ἀκάθαρτος γὰρ, φησὶν, παρὰ Κυρίῳ πᾶς ὑψηλοκάρδιος. Τοσοῦτόν ἐστιν ἡ κενοδοξία κακὸν, ὅτι οὐ μόνον πρὸς κακίαν ὠθεῖ τοὺς ἁλόντας, ἀλλὰ καὶ ταῖς ἀρεταῖς παρυφέστηκε· καὶ ὅταν ἡμᾶς ἐκεῖθεν ἐκβαλεῖν μὴ δυνηθῇ, ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἀρετῇ πολλὴν τὴν ζημίαν ἐργάζεται, τοὺς μὲν πόνους ὑποστῆναι ἀναγκάζουσα, τῶν δὲ καρπῶν ἀποστεροῦσα. Οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν ἀμφοτέρων ἐφιέμενον, ἀμφοτέρων τυχεῖν· τυχεῖν μὲν γὰρ ἔστιν ἀμφοτέρων, ὅταν μὴ ἀμφοτέρων, ἀλλὰ τῆς μιᾶς ἐπιθυμῶμεν, τῆς ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν· ἀμφοτέρων δὲ ἐρῶντα οὐκ ἔστιν ἀμφοτέρων τυχεῖν. Ὁ γὰρ διὰ τὸ θηρᾶσθαι τὴν παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξαν ἐργαζόμενός τι τῶν ἀγαθῶν, κἄν τε ταύτης ἀπολαῦσαι δυνηθῇ, κἄν τε μὴ, ἀρκοῦσαν ἐνταῦθα εἴληφε τὴν ἀμοιβὴν, καὶ οὐδεμίαν λήψεται ἐκεῖ ὑπὲρ τούτου τὴν ἀντίδοσιν. ∆ιὰ τί; Ἐπειδὴ προλαβὼν ἑαυτὸν ἀπεστέρησε τῆς παρὰ τοῦ κριτοῦ φιλοτιμίας, προτιμήσας τὴν παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξαν τῆς ψήφου τοῦ δικαίου κριτοῦ. Ὁ δὲ δι' αὐτὸ τοῦτο μόνον ἐργαζόμενός τι τῶν πνευματικῶν, ὥστε μόνῳ ἐκείνῳ ἀρέσαι τῷ ἀκοιμήτῳ ὀφθαλμῷ, καὶ ὁ θησαυρὸς αὐτῷ ἀνάλωτος μένει, καὶ τὰ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἀκέραια, καὶ ἡ χρηστὴ προσδοκία ἐντεῦθεν ἤδη πολλὴν αὐτῷ παρέχει τὴν παραμυθίαν· καὶ μετὰ τοῦ ἐν ἀσύλῳ ταμιείῳ ἐκείνην αὐτῷ διαφυλάττεσθαι τὴν ἀμοιβὴν καὶ ἡ παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀκολουθήσει δόξα. Τότε γὰρ αὐτῆς μᾶλλον μετὰ δαψιλείας ἀπολαύομεν, ὅταν αὐτῆς ὑπερορῶμεν, ὅταν αὐτὴν μὴ ζητῶμεν, ὅταν αὐτὴν μὴ διώκωμεν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς ἱπποδρομίαις οἱ τοὺς ἵππους ἐλαύνοντες, παντὸς τοῦ δήμου κροτοῦντος, καὶ μυρίας εὐφημίας καταχέοντος, οὐκ ἐπιστρέφονται, οὔτε ἡδονήν τινα ἐκ τῆς ἐκείνων εὐφημίας καρποῦνται, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἕνα μόνον ὁρῶσι, τὸν βασιλέα τὸν ἐν μέσῳ καθήμενον, καὶ τῷ νεύματι ἐκείνου προσέχοντες παντὸς ὑπερορῶσι τοῦ πλήθους, καὶ τότε μέγα φρονοῦσιν, ἐπειδὰν ἐκεῖνος αὐτοὺς στεφανώσας δοξάσῃ. Τί οὖν γένοιτ' ἂν ἐκείνων ἀθλιώτερον, τῶν πρὸς ἐπίδειξιν ἀνθρώπων τὴν ἀρετὴν μετιόντων, καὶ ταῖς νηστείαις ἀφανιζόντων τὰ πρόσωπα, καὶ τὰς εὐχὰς ἐν ταῖς ἀμφόδοις ποιουμένων, ὅταν τοὺς μὲν πόνους ὑπομένωσι, τῆς δὲ ἀμοιβῆς ἀποστερῶνται πάσης; Τί ποιεῖς, ἄνθρωπε; ἑτέρῳ μέλλεις εὐθύνας διδόναι τῶν πεπραγμένων, καὶ ἕτερον μάρτυρα καλεῖς τῶν γινομένων; ἕτερον ἔχεις δικαστὴν, καὶ ἕτερον καθίζεις θεατήν; Οὐχ ὁρᾷς τοὺς ἡνιόχους, οἳ τῆς πόλεως ἁπάσης ἄνω καθημένης, ἐν ταῖς τῶν ἵππων ἁμίλλαις