Chapter X.—The Wonderful Integrity of Alypius in Judgment. The Lasting Friendship of Nebridius with Augustin.

16. Him, therefore, had I lighted upon at Rome, and he clung to me by a most strong tie, and accompanied me to Milan, both that he might not leave me, and that he might practise something of the law he had studied, more with a view of pleasing his parents than himself. There had he thrice sat as assessor with an uncorruptness wondered at by others, he rather wondering at those who could prefer gold to integrity. His character was tested, also, not only by the bait of covetousness, but by the spur of fear. At Rome, he was assessor to the Count of the Italian Treasury.342    1 Cor. xv. 22.    “The Lord High Treasurer of the Western Empire was called Comes Sacrarum largitionum. He had six other treasurers in so many provinces under him, whereof he of Italy was one under whom this Alypius had some office of judicature, something like (though far inferior) to our Baron of the Exchequer. See Sir Henry Spelman’s Glossary, in the word Comes; and Cassiodor, Var. v. c. 40.”—W. W. There was at that time a most potent senator, to whose favours many were indebted, of whom also many stood in fear. He would fain, by his usual power, have a thing granted him which was forbidden by the laws. This Alypius resisted; a bribe was promised, he scorned it with all his heart; threats were employed, he trampled them under foot,—all men being astonished at so rare a spirit, which neither coveted the friendship nor feared the enmity of a man at once so powerful and so greatly famed for his innumerable means of doing good or ill. Even the judge whose councillor Alypius was, although also unwilling that it should be done, yet did not openly refuse it, but put the matter off upon Alypius, alleging that it was he who would not permit him to do it; for verily, had the judge done it, Alypius would have decided otherwise. With this one thing in the way of learning was he very nearly led away,—that he might have books copied for him at prætorian prices.343    Eph. ii. 15, and Col. i. 20, etc.    Pretiis prætorianis. Du Cange says that “Pretium regium is the right of a king or lord to purchase commodities at a certain and definite price.” This may perhaps help us to understand the phrase as above employed. But, consulting justice, he changed his mind for the better, esteeming equity, whereby he was hindered, more gainful than the power whereby he was permitted. These are little things, but “He that is faithful in that which is least, is faithful also in much.”344    The Manichæan belief in regard to the unreal nature of Christ’s body may be gathered from Augustin’s Reply to Faustus: “You ask,” argues Faustus (xxvi. i.), “if Jesus was not born, how did He die?…In return I ask you, how did Elias not die, though he was a man? Could a mortal encroach upon the limits of immortality, and could not Christ add to His immortality whatever experience of death was required?…Accordingly, if it is a good argument that Jesus was a man because He died, it is an equally good argument that Elias was not a man because he did not die.…As, from the outset of His taking the likeness of man, He underwent in appearance all the experiences of humanity, it was quite consistent that He should complete the system by appearing to die.” So that with him the whole life of Jesus was a “phantasm.” His birth, circumcision, crucifixion, baptism, and temptation were (ibid. xxxii. 7) the mere result of the interpolation of crafty men, or sprung from the ignorance of the apostles, when as yet they had not reached perfection in knowledge. It is noticeable that Augustin, referring to Eph. ii. 15, substitutes His cross for His flesh, he, as a Manichæan, not believing in the real humanity of the Son of God. See iii. sec. 9, note, above.    Luke xvi. 10. Nor can that possibly be void which proceedeth out of the mouth of Thy Truth. “If, therefore, ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another man’s, who shall give you that which is your own?”345    See i. sec. 10, above.    Luke xvi. 11, 12. He, being such, did at that time cling to me, and wavered in purpose, as I did, what course of life was to be taken.

17. Nebridius also, who had left his native country near Carthage, and Carthage itself, where he had usually lived, leaving behind his fine paternal estate, his house, and his mother, who intended not to follow him, had come to Milan, for no other reason than that he might live with me in a most ardent search after truth and wisdom. Like me he sighed, like me he wavered, an ardent seeker after true life, and a most acute examiner of the most abstruse questions.346    See also iv. sec. 8, above, where he derides his friend’s baptism.    Augustin makes a similar allusion to Nebridius’ ardour in examining difficult questions, especially those which refer ad doctrinam pietatis, in his 98th Epistle. So were there three begging mouths, sighing out their wants one to the other, and waiting upon Thee, that Thou mightest give them their meat in due season.347    Ps. li. 19.    Ps. cxlv. 15. And in all the bitterness which by Thy mercy followed our worldly pursuits, as we contemplated the end, why this suffering should be ours, darkness came upon us; and we turned away groaning and exclaiming, “How long shall these things be?” And this we often said; and saying so, we did not relinquish them, for as yet we had discovered nothing certain to which, when relinquished, we might betake ourselves.

CAPUT X. De integritate Alypii et adventu Nebridii.

16. Hunc ergo Romae inveneram, et adhaesit mihi fortissimo vinculo, mecumque Mediolanum profectus est, ut nec me desereret, et de jure quod didicerat aliquid ageret, secundum votum magis parentum quam suum. Et ter jam assederat mirabili continentia caeteris, cum ille magis miraretur eos qui aurum innocentiae praeponerent. Tentata est quoque ejus indoles, non solum illecebra cupiditatis, sed etiam stimulo timoris. 0728 Romae assidebat comiti largitionum Italicianarum . Erat eo tempore quidam potentissimus senator, cujus et beneficiis obstricti multi et terrori subditi erant. Voluit sibi licere nescio quid ex more potentiae suae, quod esset per leges illicitum; restitit Alypius: promissum est praemium; irrisit animo: praetentae minae; calcavit: mirantibus omnibus inusitatam animam, quae hominem tantum, et innumerabilibus praestandi nocendique modis ingenti fama celebratum vel amicum non optaret, vel non formidaret inimicum. Ipse autem judex, cui consiliarius erat, quamvis et ipse fieri nollet, non tamen aperte recusabat: sed in istum causam transferens, ab eo se non permitti asserebat; quia et revera si ipse faceret, iste discederet. Hoc solo autem pene jam illectus erat studio litterario, ut pretiis praetorianis codices sibi conficiendos curaret: sed consulta justitia deliberationem in melius vertit; utiliorem judicans aequitatem qua pro hibebatur, quam potestatem qua sinebatur. Parvum est hoc; sed qui in parvo fidelis est, et in magno fidelis est. Nec ullo modo erit inane, quod de tuae Veritatis ore processit: Si in injusto mammona fideles non fuistis; quod verum est, quis credet vobis? Et si in alieno fideles non fuistis; quod vestrum est, quis dabit vobis? (Luc. XVI, 10-12.) Talis ille tunc inhaerebat mihi, mecumque nutabat in consilio, quisnam esset tenendus vitae modus.

17. Nebridius etiam qui relicta patria vicina Carthagini, atque ipsa Carthagine ubi frequentissimus erat, relicto rure paterno optimo, relicta domo et non secutura matre, nullam ob aliam causam Mediolanum venerat, nisi ut mecum viveret in flagrantissimo studio veritatis atque sapientiae: pariter suspirabat, pariterque fluctuabat, beatae vitae inquisitor ardens, et quaestionum difficillimarum scrutator acerrimus. Et erant ora trium egentium, et inopiam suam sibimet invicem anhelantium, et a te exspectantium, ut dares eis escam in tempore opportuno. Et in omni amaritudine quae nostros saeculares actus de misericordia tua sequebatur, intuentibus nobis finem cur ea pateremur, occurrebant tenebrae; et aversabamur gementes, et dicebamus: Quamdiu haec? Et hoc crebro dicebamus; et dicentes non relinquebamus ea; quia non elucebat certum aliquid quod illis relictis apprehenderemus.