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when an inquiry about Ephorus arose among the others; "Let us hear," he said, "what the fuss about Ephorus is." And the inquirers were Caÿstrius and Maximus; for the one preferred him even to Theopompus, but Caÿ10.3.3 strius called him a thief. "And what," he said, "is original to Ephorus, who sometimes transfers three thousand whole lines in the very words of Daïmachus and Callisthenes and Anaximenes?" To which the grammarian Apollonius said: "For have you not realized that this very same failing has overcome Theopompus, whom you prefer, who in the eleventh book of his Philippica copied the following from Isocrates' Areopagiticus in the very same words: that 'of good and evil things none comes to men of its own accord,' and what follows. And yet he despises Isocrates and says that his teacher was defeated by him in the contest for Mausolus. And he has made a theft of facts, transferring events concerning some to others, so that he might be caught as a liar in this way. For when Andron in his Tripod related the prophecies concerning Pythagoras the philosopher and said that once, being thirsty in Metapontum and drawing water from a certain well and drinking, he foretold that on the third day there would be an earthquake," and adding some other things to these, he adds: "'These things, then, that Andron related about Pythagoras, Theopompus stole; if he were speaking of Pythagoras, perhaps others would have known about him and said: He said these things too. But now the change of the name has made the theft obvious; for he has used the same facts, but has substituted another name; for he has made Pherecydes the Syrian foretell these things. And not only does he conceal the theft with this name, but also by a change of places. For what was said by Andron about the prophecy of the earthquake in Metapontum, Theopompus says was said in Syria, and that concerning the ship was not seen from Megara in Sicily, but he says from Samos; and the capture of Sybaris he has changed to that of Messene. And so that he might seem to say something extra, he has also added the name of the host, saying that he was called Perilaus." "And I," says Nicagoras, "when I come upon his Hellenica and that of Xenophon, have found him transferring many things from Xenophon, and the terrible thing is, that it is for the worse. For instance, the account of the meeting of Pharnabazus with Agesilaus through Apollophanes of Cyzicus, and the conversations under truce between them both, which Xenophon recorded in his fourth book very gracefully and appropriately for both, Theopompus, having transferred to the eleventh book of his Hellenica, has made them dull and static and lifeless. For in his eagerness to inject and show off power of expression and elaboration because of the plagiarism, he appears slow and hesitant and like one who procrastinates, and he ruins the animate and effective quality of Xenophon." When Nicagoras had said these things, Apollonius said: "And why are we surprised if the failing of plagiarism touched Theopompus and Ephorus, men so lazy, when even Menander was full of this sickness, whom Aristophanes the grammarian gently reproved because he was excessively fond of him, in his Parallels, with selections from both him and from those from whom he stole? But Latinus in six books, which he entitled On the Things Not Original to Menander, revealed the multitude of his plagiarisms; just as Philostratus of Alexandria composed a treatise On the Plagiarism of Sophocles. And Caecilius, as if he had caught something big, says that Menander copied a whole play of Antiphanes from beginning to end, The Augur, into his The Superstitious Man." "Since it seemed good to you, I know not how," he says, "to bring the plagiarists into the open, I myself declare that the great Hyperides stole many things from Demosthenes, both in the speech Against Diondas and in that On the Gifts of Eubulus. And that the one from the other

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ζητήσεως περὶ Ἐφόρου ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις γενομένης· «Ἀκούσωμεν», ἔφη, «τίς ὁ περὶ Ἐφόρου θόρυβος.» ἦσαν δ' οἱ ζητοῦντες Καΰστριός τε καὶ Μάξιμος· ὁ μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν καὶ Θεοπόμπου προὐτίθει, ὁ δὲ Καΰ10.3.3 στριος κλέπτην ἀπεκάλει. «Καὶ τί γὰρ Ἐφόρου ἴδιον», ἔφη, «ἐκ τῶν ∆αϊμάχου καὶ Καλλισθένους καὶ Ἀναξιμένους αὐταῖς λέξεσιν ἔστιν ὅτε τρισχι10.3.4 λίους ὅλους μετατιθέντος στίχους»; πρὸς ὃν ὁ γραμματικὸς Ἀπολλώνιος ἔφη· «Οὐ γὰρ ἔγνως ὅτι καὶ τὸν Θεόπομπον, ὃν σὺ προτιμᾷς, κατείληφε τουτὶ τὸ πάθος, ἐν μὲν τῇ ἑνδεκάτῃ τῶν Περὶ Φίλιππον ἐκ τοῦ Ἰσοκράτους» Ἀρεοπαγιτικοῦ μεταγράψαντα αὐτοῖς ὀνόμασιν ἐκεῖνα, ὅτι «τῶν ἀγαθῶν καὶ τῶν 10.3.5 κακῶν οὐδὲν αὐτὸ καθ' αὑτὸ παραγίνεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις,» καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. καίτοι ὑπερφρονεῖ τὸν Ἰσοκράτην καὶ νενικῆσθαι ὑφ' ἑαυτοῦ λέγει κατὰ τὸν ἐπὶ Μαυσώλῳ ἀγῶνα τὸν διδάσκαλον. πραγμάτων δ' ὑφαίρεσιν πεποίηται, μετα10.3.6 θεὶς τὰ ἐπ' ἄλλων ἄλλοις, ἵνα καὶ ψεύστης ἁλῷ τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον. Ἄνδρωνος γὰρ ἐν τῷ Τρίποδι περὶ Πυθαγόρου τοῦ φιλοσόφου τὰ περὶ τὰς προρρήσεις ἱστορηκότος εἰπόντος τε ὡς διψήσας ποτὲ ἐν Μεταποντίῳ καὶ ἔκ τινος φρέατος ἀνιμήσας καὶ πιὼν προεῖπεν, ὡς εἰς τρίτην ἡμέραν ἔσοιτο σεισμός»,» 10.3.7 καὶ ἕτερά τινα τούτοις ἐπαγαγὼν ἐπιλέγει· ««Ταῦτ' οὖν τοῦ Ἄνδρωνος περὶ Πυθαγόρου ἱστορηκότος πάντα ὑφείλετο Θεόπομπος· εἰ μὲν περὶ Πυθαγόρου λέγων, τάχα ἂν καὶ ἕτεροι ἠπίσταντο περὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔλεγον· Ταῦτα καὶ αὐτὸς εἶπεν· νῦν δὲ τὴν κλοπὴν δήλην πεποίηκεν ἡ τοῦ ὀνόματος μετάθεσις· τοῖς μὲν γὰρ πράγμασι κέχρηται τοῖς αὐτοῖς, ἕτερον δ' ὄνομα μετενήνοχε· Φερε10.3.8 κύδην γὰρ τὸν Σύριον πεποίηκε ταῦτα προλέγοντα. οὐ μόνον δὲ τούτῳ τῷ ὀνόματι ἀποκρύπτει τὴν κλοπήν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τόπων μεταθέσει. τό τε γὰρ περὶ τῆς προρρήσεως τοῦ σεισμοῦ ἐν Μεταποντίῳ ὑπ' Ἄνδρωνος ῥηθὲν ἐν Σύριῳ εἰρῆσθαί φησιν ὁ Θεόπομπος τό τε περὶ τὸ πλοῖον οὐκ ἀπὸ Μεγάρων τῆς Σικελίας, ἀπὸ δὲ Σάμου φησὶ θεωρηθῆναι· καὶ τὴν Συβάρεως ἅλωσιν 10.3.9 ἐπὶ τὴν Μεσσήνης μετέθηκεν. ἵνα δέ τι δοκῇ λέγειν περιττόν, καὶ τοῦ ξένου προστέθεικε τοὔνομα, Περίλαον αὐτὸν καλεῖσθαι λέγων.» «Κἀγώ», φησὶν ὁ Νικαγόρας, «ταῖς Ἑλληνικαῖς ἐντυγχάνων αὐτοῦ τε καὶ τοῦ Ξενοφῶντος πολλὰ τοῦ Ξενοφῶντος αὐτὸν μετατιθέντα κατείληφα, καὶ τὸ δεινόν, ὅτι 10.3.10 ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον. τὰ γοῦν περὶ τῆς Φαρναβάζου πρὸς Ἀγησίλαον συνόδου δι' Ἀπολλοφάνους τοῦ Κυζικηνοῦ καὶ τὰς ἀμφοῖν πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐνσπόνδους διαλέξεις, ἃς ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ Ξενοφῶν ἀνέγραψε πάνυ χαριέντως καὶ πρεπόντως ἀμφοῖν, εἰς τὴν ἑνδεκάτην τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν μεταθεὶς ὁ Θεόπομπος ἀργά 10.3.11 τε καὶ ἀκίνητα πεποίηκε καὶ ἄπρακτα. λόγου γὰρ δύναμιν καὶ διὰ τὴν κλοπὴν ἐξεργασίαν ἐμβάλλειν καὶ ἐπιδείκνυσθαι σπουδάζων βραδὺς καὶ μέλλων καὶ ἀναβαλλομένῳ ἐοικὼς φαίνεται καὶ τὸ ἔμψυχον καὶ ἐνεργὸν τὸ Ξενοφῶντος 10.3.12 διαφθείρων.» Ταῦτ' εἰπόντος τοῦ Νικαγόρου ὁ Ἀπολλώνιος· «Καὶ τί θαυμάζομεν», ἔφη, «εἰ Θεοπόμπου καὶ Ἐφόρου τὸ τῆς κλοπῆς πάθος ἥψατο, ἀργοτέρων οὕτως ἀνδρῶν, ὅπου γε καὶ Μένανδρος τῆς ἀρρωστίας ταύτης ἐπλήσθη, ὃν ἠρέμα μὲν ἤλεγξε διὰ τὸ ἄγαν αὐτὸν φιλεῖν Ἀριστοφάνης ὁ γραμματικὸς ἐν ταῖς Παραλλήλοις αὐτοῦ τε καὶ ἀφ' ὧν ἔκλεψεν ἐκλογαῖς; Λατῖνος δ' ἓξ βιβλίοις, ἃ ἐπέγραψε Περὶ τῶν οὐκ ἰδίων Μενάνδρου, τὸ πλῆθος αὐτοῦ 10.3.13 τῶν κλοπῶν ἐξέφηνε· καθάπερ ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεὺς Φιλόστρατος Περὶ τῆς τοῦ Σοφοκλέους κλοπῆς πραγματείαν κατεβάλετο. Κεκίλιος δέ, ὥς τι μέγα πεφωρακώς, ὅλον δρᾶμα ἐξ ἀρχῆς εἰς τέλος Ἀντιφάνους, τὸν Οἰωνιστήν, μεταγράψαι 10.3.14 φησὶ τὸν Μένανδρον εἰς τὸν ∆εισιδαίμονα.» «Ἐπεὶ δὲ τοὺς κλέπτας ἔδοξεν οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως ὑμῖν», φησίν, «εἰς τὸ μέσον ἀγαγεῖν, μηνύω καὐτὸς Ὑπερείδην τὸν καλὸν πολλὰ παρὰ ∆ημοσθένους κεκλοφότα ἔν τε τῷ Πρὸς ∆ιώνδαν λόγῳ 10.3.15 κἀν τῷ Περὶ τῶν Εὐβούλου δωρεῶν. καὶ ὅτι μὲν ὁ ἕτερος παρὰ τοῦ ἑτέρου