89

DISCOURSE V (207)

Concerning those who think they have the Holy Spirit within them unknowingly, while not perceiving its energy at all; and concerning those who say that no human can see His glory in this present life, and a demonstration of this through Scriptural citations. And that there is no envy among the saints, when through all virtuous diligence we become equal to them. And in what way one sees God, and that one who has attained such measures as to see God as far as is possible, is already from this point initiated into the future enjoyment that will be given to the saints in the age to come. And that whatever such a person says or does or writes, it is not he, but the Holy Spirit speaking in him that says and writes these things; and he who rejects or misinterprets his words, sins against and blasphemes the Spirit of God, Who is at work and speaks in him.

Behold, I am again addressing those who say they have the Spirit of God unknowingly and

who think they have possessed it in themselves since holy baptism and believe they have the treasure, while being completely conscious of being empty of it, addressing those who confess to having perceived nothing at all in baptism, but suppose the gift of God to have dwelt in them unknowingly and imperceptibly since then and to exist within (208) their soul even to this day; and not only this, but also those who say they have never had any perception of it in contemplation and revelation, but who have accepted and hold this within themselves by faith and reasoning alone, but not by experience, as from hearing the divine oracles.

So then, that I may set forth what is said by them, see what these wise men, knowledgeable in their own eyes, say: "As many of you as were baptized into Christ," says Paul, "have put on Christ." What then? Are we not also baptized? If then we have been baptized, it is clear that, as the Apostle says, we have also put on Christ." This, then, is their first proposition and proof.

What then might not we, but the Holy Spirit, say to them? This garment, then, what do you say it is, O men? Christ? Yes, they say. Is Christ then something—that I may speak as a fool to fools—or is He nothing? He is something, they would surely say, unless they are suffering from a complete derangement of their minds. If then you confess that He is something, say first what He is, so that you may thus teach yourselves not to speak as unbelievers, but as believers. What else then is Christ, if not true God and truly perfect man by nature? Confessing this, therefore, tell us also why God became man. Surely, as the divine Scriptures teach and the events themselves that happened and happen daily, though perhaps you willfully ignore them: in order to make man god. By what means did He accomplish this? By the flesh or by the divinity? By the divinity, clearly. "For the flesh," He says, "profits nothing; it is the spirit that gives life." If then through His divinity He first deified the flesh He assumed, and He gives life to all of us not through the corruptible flesh but through the deified (209) flesh, so that we might no longer in any way know Him as a man but as one perfect God in two natures—for He is one God, as the corruptible was swallowed up by incorruptibility and the body by the bodiless, not annihilated, but wholly changed and remaining unconfused, ineffably mingled and united in an unmixed mixture with the Triadic divinity, so that one God might be worshipped in Father and Son and Holy Spirit, and that the Trinity might neither receive any addition to its number from the economy nor undergo any passion from the body.

89

ΛΟΓΟΣ Ε΄ (207)

Περί τῶν οἰομένων ἀγνώστως ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς τό Πνεῦμα τό Ἅγιον, μή ἐπαισθανομένων δέ καθόλου τῆς ἐνεργείας αὐτοῦ· καί περί τῶν λεγόντων μή δύνασθαί τινα τῶν ἀνθρώπων κατά τήν παροῦσαν ζωήν ὁρᾶν τήν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, καί ἀπόδειξις διά χρήσεων περί τούτου. Καί ὅτι φθόνος οὐδείς ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις, ὅταν διά πάσης σπουδῆς ἐναρέτου τούτοις συνεξισώμεθα. Καί ποίῳ τρόπῳ ὁρᾷ τις τόν Θεόν καί ὅτι ὁ εἰς τοιαῦτα μέτρα πεφθακώς, ὥστε ὁρᾷν κατά τό ἐφικτόν τόν Θεόν, ἔνθεν ἤδη μυεῖται καί τήν μέλλουσαν δοθῆναι ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι τοῖς ἁγίοις ἀπόλαυσιν. Καί ὅτι ὅσα ἄν ὁ τοιοῦτος λέγῃ ἤ ποιῇ ἤ γράφῃ, οὐκ αὐτός, ἀλλά τό Πνεῦμα τό Ἅγιον τό λαλοῦν ἐν αὐτῷ ταῦτα λέγει καί γράφει· καί ὁ τούς λόγους αὐτοῦ ἀθετῶν ἤ παραλογιζόμενος, εἰς τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, τό ἐνεργοῦν καί λαλοῦν ἐν αὐτῷ, ἁμαρτάνει καί βλασφημεῖ.

Ἰδού καί πάλιν ἐγώ πρός τούς λέγοντας ἔχειν ἀγνώστως Πνεῦμα Θεοῦ καί

οἰομένους ἀπό τοῦ θείου βαπτίσματος τοῦτο κεκτῆσθαι ἐν ἑαυτοῖς καί τόν μέν θησαυρόν ἔχειν νομίζοντας, κούφους δέ τούτου ἑαυτούς ὅλως ἐπιγινώσκοντας, πρός τούς ὁμολογοῦντας μέν μηδέν ὅλως ἐπαισθανθῆναι ἐν τῷ βαπτίσματι, ἀγνώστως δέ καί ἀνεπαισθήτως ὑπολαμβάνοντας τήν τοῦ Θεοῦ δωρεάν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ἀπό τότε ἐγκατοικήσασαν καί μέχρι τοῦ νῦν ἔνδοθεν (208) τῆς ἑαυτῶν ψυχῆς ἐνυπάρχουσαν· οὐ μόνον δέ, ἀλλά γάρ καί πρός αὐτούς τούς μηδεμίαν λέγοντάς ποτε αἴσθησιν ἐν θεωρίᾳ καί ἀποκαλύψει ταύτης λαβεῖν, πίστει δέ μόνῃ καί λογισμῷ, ἀλλ᾿ οὐ πείρᾳ τοῦτο παραδεξαμένους καί κρατοῦντας ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ὡς ἐκ τῆς τῶν θείων λογίων ἀκροάσεως.

Ἵνα οὖν τά παρ᾿ ἐκείνων προτάξω λεγόμενα, ὅρα τί φασιν οἱ σοφοί καί ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ἐπιστήμονες· "Ὅσοι εἰς Χριστόν ἐβαπτίσθητε, φησίν ὁ Παῦλος, Χριστόν ἐνεδύσασθε. Τί δαί; Οὐχί βεβαπτισμένοι ἐσμέν καί ἡμεῖς; Εἰ οὖν βεβαπτίσμεθα, δῆλον ὅτι, καθώς φησιν ὁ Ἀπόστολος, καί τόν Χριστόν ἐνδεδύμεθα". Αὕτη τοίνυν καί παρ᾿ αὐτῶν ἡ πρώτη πρότασις καί ἀπόδειξις.

Τί οὖν, οὐχ ἡμεῖς, ἀλλά τό Πνεῦμα τό Ἅγιον πρός αὐτούς εἴποι ἄν; Τό οὖν ἔνδυμα τοῦτο, τί εἶναι, ὦ οὗτοι, λέγετε· Χριστόν; Ναί, φησίν. Ὁ τοίνυν Χριστός ἐστί τι, ἵνα ὡς ἄφρων πρός ἄφρονας εἴποιμι, ἤ οὐδέν ἐστιν; Ἔστι τι, πάντως εἴποιεν ἄν, εἰ γε μή τέλεον παρακοπήν φρενῶν εἰσι πάσχοντες. Εἰ οὖν εἶναί τι ὁμολογεῖτε, εἴπατε δή καί τί πρῶτόν ἐστιν, ἵνα οὕτως διδάξητε ἑαυτούς μή ὡς ἄπιστοι φθέγγεσθαι, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς πιστοί. Τί τοίνυν ἄλλο ἐστίν ὁ Χριστός, εἰ μή Θεός ἀληθής καί ἄνθρωπος ἐπ᾿ ἀληθῶς τέλειος πεφυκώς; Τοῦτο τοιγαροῦν ὁμολογοῦντες, εἴπατε ἡμῖν καί διά τί ἄνθρωπος γέγονεν ὁ Θεός. Πάντως, ὡς αἱ θεῖαι Γραφαί διδάσκουσι καί αὐτά τά γεγονότα καί καθ᾿ ἑκάστην γινόμενα, εἰ καί ἴσως ὑμεῖς ἐθελοκωφοῦντες ἀγνοεῖτε ἵνα τόν ἄνθρωπον ποιήσῃ θεόν. ∆ιά τίνος τοῦτο κατεργαζόμενος; ∆ιά τῆς σαρκός ἤ διά τῆς θεότητος; ∆ιά τῆς θεότητος δηλονότι. "Ἡ σάρξ γάρ, φησίν, οὐκ ὠφελεῖ οὐδέν· τό πνεῦμά ἐστι τό ζωοποιοῦν". Εἰ οὖν διά τῆς αὐτοῦ θεότητος ἥν ἀνέλαβε σάρκα πρῶτον ἐθέωσε, καί ἡμᾶς πάντας οὐ διά τῆς φθαρτῆς σαρκός ἀλλά διά τῆς θεωθείσης (209) ζωοποιεῖ, ἵνα μηκέτι μηδαμῶς ὡς ἄνθρωπον ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἕνα Θεόν αὐτόν τέλειον ἐν δυσίν ἐπιγινώσκωμεν φύσεσιν - εἷς γάρ Θεός , ὡς τοῦ φθαρτοῦ ὑπό τῆς ἀφθαρσίας καταποθέντος καί τοῦ σώματος ὑπό τοῦ ἀσωμάτου οὐκ ἀφανισθέντος μέν, ὅλου δέ ἀλλοιωθέντος καί μένοντος ἀσυγχύτου, ἀρρήτως ἀνακεκραμένου καί ἐν ἀμίκτῳ μίξει τῇ τριαδικῇ θεότητι ἡνωμένου, ἵνα εἷς Θεός ἐν Πατρί καί Υἱῷ καί Ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι προσκυνῆται καί μήτε προσθήκην τῷ ἀριθμῷ ἀπό τῆς οἰκονομίας λάβῃ τινά μήτε πάθος τι ἀπό τοῦ σώματος ἡ Τριάς ὑποστῇ.