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he transferred is obvious; but if they are contemporaneous, it would be your job,” he says, “O Apollonius, to track down the thief from the dates. But I suspect that the one who stole is Hyperides; but since it is unclear which it was, I admire Demosthenes, if, having taken it from Hyperides, he corrected it for the better; but I blame Hyperides, if, having taken it from Demosthenes, he distorted it for the worse.”“ 10.3.16 And after a little he says: ““And why should I tell you that the *Barbarian Customs* of Hellanicus is compiled from the works of Herodotus and Damastes? Or that Herodotus in his second book transferred much word for word from the *Circuit of the Earth* of Hecataeus of Miletus, altering it slightly, about the phoenix bird and concerning the river horse and the hunting 10.3.17 of crocodiles? Or that what is said about tortures in Isaeus’ *On the Estate of Cilon* is also found in Isocrates’ *Trapeziticus* and is said by Demosthenes in his *Against Onetor, On Ejectment* in almost the same words? Or that Deinarchus in his first *Against Cleomedon, On Assault* has transferred much in the same words from Demosthenes’ *Against Conon, On Assault*? 10.3.18 Or that from Hesiod’s For a man wins no better prize than a good wife, and again nothing more horrible than a bad one, Simonides in his eleventh book transferred this idea, taking it thus: A man wins no better thing than a good wife, nor more horrible than a bad one, and Euripides in *Melanippe Captive*: Nothing is worse than a bad woman, but nothing by nature is better beyond compare than a good one; their natures differ. 10.3.19 And when Euripides said: We women are a most wretched creature, Theodectes in his *Alcmaeon* says: A clear saying is sung among mortals, that there is no creature more wretched than a woman. He has not only taken the idea from there, but has also used the very same words; and he craftily wished it to seem more like a proverb and to have used what was said by many, rather than to appear to have taken it from the one who originated 10.3.20 it. But Antimachus, stealing Homer's verses, slightly alters them. For when Homer said: And Idomeneus, who became the strongest of men on earth Antimachus says: And Idomeneus, who was the strongest of men on earth; and Lycophron praises the alteration, as if the verse were strengthened 10.3.21 by it. For I pass over “Then answering him spoke lord Diomedes,” since Homer was satirized by Cratinus for his excessive use of “Then answering him”; 10.3.22 which, though so trite, Antimachus did not hesitate to alter. And from the Homeric “of the peoples he ruled, and was gentle as a father” and again from what is said somewhere else, “But when from both sides they had strengthened their battle lines,” Antimachus, by transposing half-lines, has made “of the peoples they ruled they strengthened their battle lines.” 10.3.23 But lest I myself, while accusing others of plagiarism, be caught as a plagiarist, I will reveal those who have dealt with these matters. There are two books by Lysimachus *On the Plagiarism of Ephorus*, and Alcaeus, the poet of abusive iambics and epigrams, has parodied the plagiarisms of Ephorus, exposing them, and there is a letter of Pollion to Soteridas *On the Plagiarism of Ctesias*, and by the same author there is a book *On the Plagiarism of Herodotus*, and in the work entitled *The Trackers* much is said about Theopompus, and there is a treatise by Aretades *On Coincidence*, from which one can learn many such things.”“ 10.3.24 And in another place: “And Prosenes: ‘The other plagiarists,’ he said, ‘you have caught; but that this hero Plato himself, whose eponymous festival we are celebrating today, makes excessive use of many of those before him—for I am ashamed to use the word ‘plagiarism’ 10.3.25 in his case—you have not yet grasped.’ ‘What are you saying?’ said Callietes. ‘I am not only saying it,’ he says, ‘but I also provide proof for my statement. But the books of those who came before Plato are rare, since otherwise one might perhaps have caught the philosopher in more cases. I, at any rate, as I have chanced upon it, Protagoras’ *On Being*

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μετέθηκε πρόδηλον· συγχρονούντων δ' αὐτῶν, ὑμῶν μὲν ἂν εἴη ἔργον», φησίν, «ὦ Ἀπολλώνιε, ἐκ τῶν χρόνων ἀνιχνεῦσαι τὸν κλέπτην. ἐγὼ δὲ ὑποπτεύω μὲν τὸν ὑφῃρημένον εἶναι τὸν Ὑπερείδην· ἀδήλου δὲ ὄντος ὁπότερος, ἄγαμαι μὲν ∆ημοσθένην, εἰ λαβὼν παρὰ Ὑπερείδου πρὸς δέον διώρθωσε· μέμφομαι δὲ τὸν Ὑπερείδην, εἰ λαβὼν παρὰ ∆ημοσθένους πρὸς τὸ χεῖρον διέστρεψε.»« 10.3.16 Καὶ μετὰ βραχέα φησί· ««Καὶ τί ὑμῖν λέγω ὡς τὰ Βαρβαρικὰ νόμιμα Ἑλλανίκου ἐκ τῶν Ἡροδότου καὶ ∆αμάστου συνῆκται; ἢ ὡς Ἡρόδοτος ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ πολλὰ Ἑκαταίου τοῦ Μιλησίου κατὰ λέξιν μετήνεγκεν ἐκ τῆς Περιηγήσεως, βραχέα παραποιήσας, τὰ τοῦ Φοίνικος ὀρνέου καὶ περὶ τοῦ ποταμίου ἵππου καὶ τῆς θήρας 10.3.17 τῶν κροκοδείλων; ἢ ὡς τὰ περὶ βασάνων εἰρημένα παρ' Ἰσαίῳ ἐν τῷ Περὶ τοῦ Κίλωνος κλήρου καὶ παρὰ Ἰσοκράτει ἐν τῷ Τραπεζιτικῷ κεῖται καὶ παρὰ τῷ ∆ημοσθένει ἐν τῷ Κατὰ Ὀνήτορος ἐξούλης σχεδὸν διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν εἴρηται; ἢ ὡς ∆είναρχος ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ Κατὰ Κλεομέδοντος αἰκίας πολλὰ μετενήνοχεν αὐτοῖς ὀνόμασιν ἐκ τοῦ ∆ημοσθένους Κατὰ Κόνωνος αἰκίας; 10.3.18 ἢ ὡς Ἡσιόδου οὐ μὲν γάρ τι γυναικὸς ἀνὴρ ληΐζετ' ἄμεινον τῆς ἀγαθῆς, τῆς δ' αὖτε κακῆς οὐ ῥίγιον ἄλλο ταύτην τὴν διάνοιαν Σιμωνίδης ἐν τῷ ἑνδεκάτῳ μετήνεγκε λαβὼν οὕτως· γυναικὸς οὐδὲν χρῆμ' ἀνὴρ ληΐζεται ἄμεινον ἐσθλῆς οὐδὲ ῥίγιον κακῆς, Εὐριπίδης δὲ ἐν Μελανίππῃ τῇ δεσμώτιδι· τῆς μὲν κακῆς κάκιον οὐδὲν γίνεται γυναικός, ἐσθλῆς δ' οὐδὲν εἰς ὑπερβολὴν πέφυκ' ἄμεινον· διαφέρουσι δ' αἱ φύσεις. 10.3.19 τοῦ δὲ Εὐριπίδου εἰπόντος· γυναῖκές ἐσμεν ἀθλιώτατον φυτόν, Θεοδέκτης ἐν Ἀλκμαίωνί φησι· σαφὴς μὲν ἐν βροτοῖσιν ὑμνεῖται λόγος, ὡς οὐδέν ἐστιν ἀθλιώτερον φυτὸν γυναικός. οὗτος οὐ μόνον τὴν ἐπιβολὴν ἐκεῖθεν εἴληφεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ταῖς λέξεσιν αὐταῖς συγκέχρηται· καὶ ἠθέλησεν αὐτὸ πανούργως παροιμιακὸν μᾶλλον εἶναι καὶ ὡς ὑπὸ πολλῶν λεγομένῳ συγκεχρῆσθαι ἢ δοκεῖν εἰληφέναι παρὰ τοῦ γεγεν10.3.20 νηκότος. ὁ δ' Ἀντίμαχος τὰ Ὁμήρου κλέπτων παραδιορθοῖ. Ὁμήρου γὰρεἰπόντος· Ἴδεώ θ' ὃς κάρτιστος ἐπιχθονίων γένετ' ἀνδρῶν Ἀντίμαχος λέγει· Ἴδεώ θ' ὃς κάρτιστος ἐπιχθονίων ἦν ἀνδρῶν· καὶ Λυκόφρων ἐπαινεῖ τὴν μετάθεσιν, ὡς δι' αὐτῆς ἐστηριγμένου τοῦ στί10.3.21 χου. τὸ γὰρ τὸν δ' ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη κρείων ∆ιομήδης σιγῶ, Ὁμήρου κωμῳδηθέντος ὑπὸ Κρατίνου διὰ τὸ πλεονάσαι ἐν τῷ τὸν δ' ἀπαμειβόμενος· 10.3.22 ὅπερ οὕτως πεπατημένον οὐκ ὤκνησεν Ἀντίμαχος μεταθεῖναι. τοῦ δὲ λαῶν, οἷσιν ἄνασσε, πατὴρ δ' ὣς ἤπιος ἦεν Ὁμηρικοῦ ὄντος καὶ πάλιν ἀλλαχοῦ που λεγομένου οἱ δ' ἐπεὶ ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἐκαρτύναντο φάλαγγας, ὁ Ἀντίμαχος μεταθεὶς ἡμιστίχια πεποίηκε λαῶν οἷσιν ἄνασσον ἐκαρτύναντο φάλαγγας. 10.3.23 ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ καὶ αὐτὸς κλοπῆς ἄλλους αἰτιώμενος κλέπτης ἁλῶ, τοὺς πραγματευσαμένους τὰ περὶ τούτων μηνύσω. Λυσιμάχου μέν ἐστι δύο Περὶ τῆς Ἐφόρου κλοπῆς, Ἀλκαῖος δέ, ὁ τῶν λοιδόρων ἰάμβων καὶ ἐπιγραμμάτων ποιητής, παρῴδηκε τὰς Ἐφόρου κλοπὰς ἐξελέγχων, Πολλίωνος δὲ ἐπιστολὴ πρὸς Σωτηρίδαν Περὶ τῆς Κτησίου κλοπῆς, τοῦ δ' αὐτοῦ καὶ Περὶ τῆς Ἡροδότου κλοπῆς ἐστι βιβλίον καὶ ἐν τῷ ἐπιγραφομένῳ Ἰχνευταί πολλὰ περὶ Θεοπόμπου λέγεται, Ἀρητάδου τέ ἐστι Περὶ συνεμπτώσεως πραγματεία, ἐξ ὧν τοιαῦτα πολλὰ ἔστι γνῶναι.»« 10.3.24 Καὶ μεθ' ἕτερα· «Καὶ ὁ Προσήνης· «Τοὺς μὲν ἄλλους», ἔφη, «κλέπτας ἐφωράσατε· ὅτι δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς οὗτος ὁ ἥρως Πλάτων, οὗ τὴν ἐπώνυμον ἑορτὴν σήμερον πανηγυρίζομεν, πολλοῖς καταχρῆται τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ αἰδοῦμαι γὰρ τῷ τῆς κλοπῆς ὀνό10.3.25 ματι ἐπὶ τούτου χρῆσθαι, οὐκέτι κατειλήφατε.» «Τί λέγεις;» ἔφη ὁ Καλ λιέτης. «Οὐ λέγω μόνον», φησίν, «ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πίστιν τῷ λόγῳ παρέχω. σπάνια δὲ τὰ τῶν πρὸ τοῦ Πλάτωνος γεγονότων βιβλία, ἐπεὶ ἴσως πλείους ἄν τις ἐφώρασε τοῦ φιλοσόφου. ἐγὼ δ' οὖν, ᾗ κατὰ τύχην περιπέπτωκα, Πρωταγόρου τὸν Περὶ τοῦ ὄντος