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having achieved the righteousness of our ancestors? And you, therefore, when the spiritual trumpet sounds, stand fiercer than a lion; step forward, though it be fire, though it be iron; even the elements know to respect those who are so brave; even the beasts know to fear those who are so noble; though it be savage from hunger or from its very nature, it forgets all and masters its passion. A Christian, therefore, if he should ever be grieved, ought to have only two causes for despondency: either when he himself, or when his neighbor, offends God. Therefore, those who are slandered ought not to be anxious and tremble, but those who slander; for the former are not compelled to give an account for what they have heard ill of, but the latter for what they have spoken ill of; for on these hangs all the danger. So then, those who have heard ill should be without care; for they will not render an account for what another has spoken ill; but those who have spoken it should be anxious and tremble, since they themselves are about to be dragged to the fearful judgment-seat for these things. For this reason, let us not be pained by hearing ill, but by justly hearing ill; for if we live in wickedness, even if there is no one to slander us, we are more wretched than all; but if we care for virtue, even if the whole world speaks ill of us, then we will be more enviable than all. For if our mind is well-ordered, even if ten thousand storms rise up from all sides, we will sit always in calm and in a harbor. So, if it is not well-ordered, even if all things are borne to us on favorable winds, we will be in no better state than those who are in shipwrecks. This can also be seen in the case of foods. For when 63.688 the body of our stomach is strong and healthy, whatever it receives, even if it is hard, even if it is raw, it transforms it into a pure humor, with its natural constitution overcoming the poor quality in the food; but when its tone is slack and loose, even if you bring to it the most wholesome food of all, it changes and corrupts it to the worst, with its weakness ruining its virtue. For it is not possible for a soul that is pained and possessed by a cloud of despondency to be able, with eagerness, either to hear something said with profit, or to speak it. For the souls of those in pain do not wish to extend long discourses, but just as a certain dense cloud, having come up under the sun's ray, turns it all back; so indeed a cloud of despondency, when it stands before our soul, does not allow the passage of the word to become easy for it, but chokes and restrains it within with great force. And this happens not only with those who are speaking, but also with those who are listening. For just as it does not allow it to leap forth from the speaker's soul with ease, so neither does it permit it to fall into the mind of the listeners with its proper power. For indeed the friends of Job, having come to him, and seeing the tragedy of that house, and the just man sitting on that dung-heap and covered in sores, both tore their garments and wailed, and sat by him in silence, showing that nothing is so suitable at the beginning for those in pain as quiet and silence. Learn, therefore, that he who allowed the temptation to occur, himself also knows the time for the temptation's release. For God is able to resolve all dreadful things, but until He sees a conversion take place, He does not end the affliction. And admire those who are tempted, and who nobly endure their temptations, like the three children, whom no one would have admired for not being burned, if they had been far from the furnace of Babylon. For what astounded everyone is this, that after associating with fire for so long a time, they came out more unharmed than those who had not associated with it. Thus also it can be said of the saints, that if no temptation came upon them, we would not have admired them for continually rejoicing. And yet, though surrounded by ten thousand waves from all sides, they were in a better state than those who enjoy a pure calm. For if there was nothing to grieve them, it would not have been a great thing for them to be able to rejoice continually; but when many things that lead to despondency are pressing upon them

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κατωρθωκότας τῶν προγόνων; Καὶ σὺ τοίνυν τῆς σάλπιγγος ἠχούσης τῆς πνευματικῆς, στῆθι λέοντος σφοδρότερος· ἔμβηθι, κἂν πῦρ ᾖ, κἂν σίδηρος· οἶδε καὶ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοὺς οὕτως ἀνδρείους αἰδεῖσθαι· οἶδε καὶ τὰ θηρία τοὺς οὕτω γενναίους δεδοικέναι· κἂν ὑπὸ λιμοῦ, κἂν ὑπὸ τῆς φύσεως αὐτῆς ἀγριαίνηται, πάντων ἐπιλανθάνεται καὶ κρατεῖ τοῦ πάθους. Τὸν Χριστιανὸν οὖν, εἴποτε λυποῖτο, δύο μόνον ὑποθέσεις ἀθυμίας ἔχειν δεῖ· ἢ ὅταν αὐτὸς, ἢ ὅταν ὁ πλησίον προσκρούσῃ Θεῷ. Τοὺς οὖν κακηγορουμένους οὐκ ἀγωνιᾷν δεῖ καὶ τρέμειν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς κακηγοροῦντας· οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι ἀναγκάζονται ἀπολογεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ ὧν κακῶς ἤκουσαν, ἀλλ' οὗτοι ὑπὲρ ὧν κακῶς εἶπον· τούτοις γὰρ ἀποκρέμαται ὁ κίνδυνος ἅπας. Ὥστε τοὺς μὲν κακῶς ἀκηκοότας ἀμερίμνους δεῖ εἶναι· οὐ γὰρ παρέξουσιν εὐθύνας ὑπὲρ ὧν ἕτερος εἶπε κακῶς· τοὺς δὲ εἰρηκότας ἀγωνιᾷν καὶ τρέμειν, ἅτε αὐτοὺς μέλλοντας εἰς τὸ φοβερὸν δικαστήριον ὑπὲρ τούτων ἕλκεσθαι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο μὴ τῷ κακῶς ἀκούειν ἀλγῶμεν, ἀλλὰ τῷ δικαίως ἀκούειν κακῶς· ἂν μὲν γὰρ ἐν πονηρίᾳ ζῶμεν, κἂν μηδεὶς ὁ κακηγορῶν ᾖ, πάντων ἐσμὲν ἀθλιώτεροι· ἂν δὲ ἀρετῆς ἐπιμελώμεθα, κἂν ἡ οἰκουμένη λέγῃ κακῶς, τότε πάντων ἐσόμεθα ζηλωτότεροι. Ἐὰν γὰρ ἡ διάνοια καλῶς ἡμῖν ᾖ κατεσκευασμένη, κἂν μυρίοι πανταχόθεν ἐγείρωνται χειμῶνες, ἐν γαλήνῃ καὶ λιμένι καθεδούμεθα διαπαντός. Ὥσπερ οὖν οὐκ εὖ ἐχούσης αὐτῆς, κἂν ἐξ οὐρίων ἡμῖν ἅπαντα φέρηται, τῶν ἐν ναυαγίοις ὄντων οὐδὲν ἄμεινον διακεισόμεθα. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν σιτίων ἔστιν ἰδεῖν. Ὅταν μὲν γὰρ 63.688 ἰσχυρὸν καὶ ἐῤῥωμένον ἡμῖν τὸ σῶμα τῆς γαστρὸς ᾖ, πᾶν ὅπερ ἂν δέχηται, κἂν σκληρὸν ᾖ, κἂν αὐτοακατέργαστον, πρὸς καθαρὸν αὐτὸ μετασχηματίζει χυμὸν, τῆς φυσικῆς κράσεως περιγινομένης τῆς ἐν τῷ σιτίῳ κακίας· ὅταν δὲ ὁ τόνος αὐτοῦ καταλελυμένος ᾖ καὶ χαῦνος, κἂν τὸ πάντων εὐχυμότερον αὐτῇ προσενέγκῃς ἔδεσμα, εἰς τὸ χείριστον αὐτὸ μετεῤῥύθμισε καὶ διέφθειρε, τῆς ἀσθενείας τὴν ἀρετὴν αὐτοῦ λυμαινομένης. Οὐ γὰρ ἔστι ψυχὴν ὀδυνωμένην καὶ νέφει κατεχομένην ἀθυμίας δυνηθῆναι μετὰ προθυμίας ἢ ἀκοῦσαί τι τῶν λεγομένων χρησίμως, ἢ εἰπεῖν. Τῶν γὰρ ὀδυνωμένων αἱ ψυχαὶ οὐ θέλουσι μακροὺς ἀποτείνειν λόγους, ἀλλ' ὥσπερ νεφέλη τις πυκνὴ γενομένη, καὶ τὴν ἡλιακὴν ἀκτῖνα ὑποδραμοῦσα, ἀποστρέφει τὴν αὐτὴν ἅπασαν εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω· οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἀθυμίας νέφος, ἐπειδὰν στῇ πρὸ τῆς ψυχῆς τῆς ἡμετέρας, οὐκ ἀφίησιν αὐτῇ εὔκολον γενέσθαι τὴν τοῦ λόγου διάβασιν, ἀλλ' ἀποπνίγει καὶ συνέχει μετὰ πολλῆς ἀνάγκης ἔνδον αὐτόν. Καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐπὶ τῶν λεγόντων μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀκουόντων γίνεται. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ λέγοντος ψυχῆς οὐκ ἀφίησιν ἐκπηδῆσαι μετ' εὐκολίας, οὕτως οὐδὲ εἰς τὴν τῶν ἀκουόντων διάνοιαν ἐμπεσεῖν συγχωρεῖ, μετὰ τῆς οἰκείας δυνάμεως. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ οἱ τοῦ Ἰὼβ φίλοι πρὸς τοῦτον παραγενόμενοι, καὶ τὴν τραγῳδίαν τῆς οἰκίας ἐκείνης ἰδόντες, καὶ τὸν δίκαιον ἐπὶ τῆς κοπρίας ἐκείνης καθήμενον καὶ ἡλκωμένον, διέῤῥηξάν τε τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ ἀνῴμωξαν, καὶ σιγῇ παρεκάθηντο, δηλοῦντες, ὅτι οὐδὲν οὕτως ἐπιτήδειον παρὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῖς ὀδυνωμένοις, ὡς ἡσυχία καὶ σιγή. Μάθε τοίνυν ὡς ὁ συγχωρήσας τὸν πειρασμὸν γενέσθαι, αὐτὸς οἶδε καὶ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς λύσεως τοῦ πειρασμοῦ. ∆υνατὸς γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς ἅπαντα λῦσαι τὰ δεινὰ, ἀλλὰ ἕως ἂν ἴδῃ γενομένην ἐπιστροφὴν, οὐ καταλύει τὴν θλῖψιν. Καὶ θαύμαζε τοὺς πειραζομένους, καὶ γενναίως τοὺς πειρασμοὺς ὑπομένοντας, καθάπερ τοὺς παῖδας τοὺς τρεῖς, οὓς οὐδεὶς ἂν ἐθαύμασε μὴ κατακαέντας, εἰ πόῤῥω τῆς Βαβυλωνίας ἦσαν καμίνου. Τὸ γὰρ ἐκπλῆξαν ἅπαντας τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὅτι τῷ πυρὶ τοσοῦτον ὁμιλήσαντες χρόνον, τῶν οὐχ ὁμιλησάντων ἐξέβησαν ἀλυπότεροι. Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγίων ἔστιν εἰπεῖν, ὅτι εἰ μηδεὶς αὐτοῖς ἐπήγετο πειρασμὸς, οὐκ ἂν αὐτοὺς ἐθαυμάσαμεν διηνεκῶς χαίροντας. Καίτοι γὰρ μυρίοις κυκλούμενοι κύμασι πάντοθεν, τῶν γαλήνης καθαρᾶς ἀπολαυόντων ῥᾷον διέκειντο. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ μηδὲν ἦν τὸ λυποῦν, οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῖς μέγα τὸ δύνασθαι διηνεκῶς χαίρειν· τὸ δὲ πολλῶν ἐπικειμένων τῶν εἰς ἀθυμίαν