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sending, he brings from the monastery of the Pantokrator the revered icon of the pure Mother of God, which tradition holds to be the work of the divine Luke, she herself being present somewhere there and watching, and after this to have become a gift to the empress Pulcheria from her daughter-in-law Eudocia, the Athenian empress, and truly a worthy gift sent from Palestine; under this guide, indeed, through whom he had trusted he would also regain it, entering the city, he considered it sufficient for him to render thanks to her. And he appointed one of the hierarchs there, George of Cyzicus, having put on the stole, to conduct the prayers and to fulfill the thanksgiving for the things that had been done. Therefore the Golden Gate, closed for a long time, was opened, and the hierarch began the prayer. The emperor, however, and all his entourage enter the city 219 with a slow step and uplifted mind with the greatest possible confession of thanks to God, walking on foot and putting aside the imperial pomp, as altogether not fitting for such a ceremony. And it was then midday, burning more than moderately, with the sun standing overhead, and the zeal of the assembled crowd contended with the stifling heat, as if, whatever might happen, they would seize the great palace along with the emperor; for the Palace of Blachernae was not suitably arranged for the residence of the emperors; for it was full of smoke and Italian soot, which the feasters of Baldwin, out of his great ignorance, had plastered on the palace walls, so that cleaning them was a task, and at the same time it offered sufficient security for emperors first entering the city, with affairs being in a state of turmoil. So the part of the populace that delights in quiet, now for the first time seeing an emperor of the Romans in the palace, changing its astonishment into joy, was in hopes of prospering for the future, being ruled by him. And it seems to me that at that sight even the Italians throughout the city would have changed their minds and been content, things having been so accomplished—for it is no disgrace to serve such a man—if their national arrogance had not deluded them into contempt, and besides, having recently suffered terrible things. Nevertheless, when that day had ended with victory applause and divine hymns, the palace was secured for the night by safe guards.

32. How the emperor, upon entering, dealt with the Latin tribes. In the morning he was wholly engaged in deliberations, both how, having set things in order throughout the city, he would fortify the town with guards, and how he might, by skillfully dealing with the prominent Italian peoples—these were the Genoese and Venetians, and thirdly the Pisans—bring them under his own control; for thus, they having been brought under control, being able to accomplish the greatest things in whatever direction they might incline, the others, even if unwilling, would remain quiet. Wherefore, summoning them, for a whole day he dealt with fitting matters and with better hopes he both drew them away from their kinship with their countrymen and gradually won them over and indeed skillfully undermined their impulses with his favors. And these were to dwell freely in a fine part of the city, having received so much space, and to live under their accustomed order under a ruler sent from the common council of their people, whom 221 the Greek tongue might call a *podestà*, a governor, to conduct their affairs observing their own laws, and to have tax exemption and freedom in all things, using ships and handling their affairs in commerce. And these were the promises to the Genoese; and to the Venetians and Pisans he generously offered similar things, the former under a *bailo*, whom a Greek might call a regent, and the Pisans under a *consul*, a supervisor, using their own laws, to conduct their own affairs without hindrance, living as free men. However, he could not trust the Genoese, enclosed within the city, since they were numerous and not like the other two together, but holding the others, who were diminished in number, within did not trouble him. So to divide the peoples and

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πέμψας ἄγει ἐκ τῆς μονῆς τοῦ Παντοκράτορος τὴν σεβασμίαν εἰκόνα τῆς ἁγνῆς θεομήτορος, ἣν λόγος ἔργον μὲν εἶναι τοῦ θείου Λουκᾶ, ἐκεῖσέ που παρούσης κἀκείνης καὶ θεωμένης, δῶρον δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα γενέσθαι Πουλχερίᾳ τῇ βασιλίδι παρὰ τῆς νύμφης αὐτῆς Εὐδοκίας τῆς ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν καὶ δεσποίνης, καὶ δῶρον ἀξιόχρεων ὄντως ἐκ Παλαιστίνης ἀποσταλέν· ὑπὸ δὴ ταύτῃ ὁδηγῷ γε οὔσῃ, δι' ἧς ἐπεπιστεύκει καὶ ἀπολήψεσθαι, εἰσελαύνων τὴν πόλιν, ἀποχρώντως ἡγεῖτό οἱ ἔχειν τὴν εἰς ἐκείνην ἀπονέμειν χάριν. Ἔταττε δὲ καὶ τῶν ἐκεῖσε ἀρχιερέων ἕνα, τὸν τῆς Κυζίκου Γεώργιον, τὴν στολὴν ὑπενδύντα, τὰ τῆς εὐχῆς ἄγειν καὶ τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν πραττομένων εὐχαριστίαν ἀποπληροῦν. Ἤνοικτο τοιγαροῦν ἡ Χρυσέα πύλη χρονία, καὶ ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς τῆς εὐχῆς ἐξῆρχεν. Ὁ μέντοι γε βασιλεὺς καὶ πᾶν τὸ περὶ αὐτὸν σχολαίῳ ποδὶ καὶ ἀνατεταμένῃ διανοίᾳ μεθ' ὅτι πλείστης τῆς πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν ἀνθομολογήσεως 219 τὴν πόλιν εἰσέρχεται, πεζῇ βαδίζων καὶ τὸ τῆς βασιλείας σοβαρόν, ὡς μὴ τοι αύτῃ τελετῇ πρέπον συνόλως, ἀποτιθέμενος. Ἦν δὲ τότε καὶ τὸ τῆς ἡμέρας μεσημβρινόν, τοῦ μετρίου πλέον ἐκκαῖον, τοῦ ἡλίου κατὰ κορυφὴν ἱσταμένου, καὶ ἡ τῶν συνειλεγμένων προθυμία πρὸς τὸ πνῖγος διεφιλονείκει, ὡς, εἴ τι καὶ συμβαίη, καταληψομένων συνάμα τῷ βασιλεῖ τὸ μέγα παλάτιον· τὸ γὰρ τῶν Βλαχερνῶν οὐκ εὐτρεπῶς ἦν ἔχειν πρὸς τὴν τῶν βασιλέων κατοίκησιν· ἔγεμε γὰρ καπνοῦ καὶ λιγνύος Ἰταλικῆς, ἣν οἱ τοῦ Βαλδουίνου δαιταλευταὶ ἐκ πολλῆς τῆς ἰδιωτείας ἐκείνου τοῖς τῶν ἀνακτόρων τοίχοις προσέπαττον, ὡς ἔργον εἶναι τὴν ἐκείνων κάθαρσιν, ἅμα δ' ὅτι καὶ εἰς ἀσφάλειαν ἱκανῶς εἶχε βασιλεῦσι πρώτως ἐπιβᾶσι πόλεως, τῶν πραγμάτων τεταραγμένως ἐχούσης. Τὸ μὲν οὖν ἡσυχίᾳ χαῖρον τοῦ δήμου, ἄρτι πρώτως βασιλέα Ῥωμαίων ἐν τοῖς ἀνακτόροις θεώμενον, μεταβαλὸν τὴν ἔκπληξιν εἰς χαράν, ἐν ἐλπίσιν ἦν τοῦ λοιποῦ εὐπραγεῖν ὑπὸ τούτῳ βασιλευόμενον. ∆οκοῦσι δέ μοι πρὸς ἐκείνην τὴν ὄψιν καὶ οἱ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν Ἰταλοὶ μεταβαλέσθαι ἂν καὶ ἀγαπᾶν, οὕτω πραχθέντωνμηδὲ γὰρ ἀδοξεῖν τοιούτῳ δουλεύοντας, εἰ μή γε ἡ κατὰ γένος κόρυζα εἰς ὀλιγωρίαν ἐτύφου καὶ ἄλλως ἐξ ὑπογύου τὰ δεινὰ παθόντας. Πλὴν τελεσθείσης τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης ἐπὶ κρότοις ἐπινικίοις καὶ θείοις ᾄσμασι, τὴν μὲν νύκτα φρουραῖς ἀσφαλέσι διείληπτο τὸ παλάτιον.

λβʹ. Ὅπως προσηνέγκατο βασιλεὺς ταῖς τῶν Λατίνων φυλαῖς εἰσελθών. Πρωΐας δὲ ὅλος ἦν πρὸς βουλαῖς, ὅπως τε, τὰ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν καταστήσας, ὀχυρώσει φρουροῖς τὸ ἄστυ καὶ ὅπως ἄν, τοῖς δοκοῦσι τῶν Ἰταλικῶν γενῶν οὗτοι δ' ἦσαν Γεννουῖταί τε καὶ Βενετικοὶ καὶ τρίτοι Πισσαῖοισοφῶς προσενεγκάμενος, καὶ ὑφ' αὑτῷ ποιήσοι· οὕτω γὰρ ἄν, αὐτῶν ὑπο ποιηθέντων, οἵων τ' ὄντων τὰ μέγιστα συγκροτεῖν ἐς ὅ τι καὶ ῥέψοιεν, τοὺς ἄλλους καὶ μὴ θέλοντας ἠρεμεῖν. Ὅθεν καὶ προσκαλούμενος ἡμέρας ὅλης ἐχρημάτιζε τὰ εἰκότα καὶ ταῖς τῶν ἐλπίδων ἀμείνοσιν ὑπέσπα τε τῆς πρὸς τοὺς ὁμογενεῖς οἰκειότητος καὶ κατ' ὀλίγον προσεποιεῖτο καί γε τὰς ὁρμὰς σφίσι σοφῶς ταῖς χάρισιν ὑπετέμνετο. Αἱ δ' ἦσαν ἐν καλῷ τε τῆς πόλεως κατοικεῖν ἀνέδην, τόσον τοῦ τόπου λαβόντας, καὶ τὴν σφίσι συνήθη τάξιν ὑπ' ἄρχοντι πεμπομένῳ παρὰ τοῦ κοινοῦ συνεδρίου τοῦ γένους αὐτῶν, ὃν καὶ 221 ποτεστάτον ἐξουσιαστὴν εἴποι ἂν ἡ Ἑλλήνων γλῶσσα, νόμοις ἰδίοις προσ έχοντας, πολιτεύεσθαι, ἀτέλειαν δ' ἔχειν καὶ ἐλευθερίαν ἐφ' ἅπασι ναυσὶ χρωμένους καὶ μεταχειρίζοντας κατ' ἐμπορίαν τὰ πράγματα. Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν Γεννουίταις τὰ ἐπαγγέλματα· Βενετικοῖς δὲ καὶ Πισσαίοις τὰ ὅμοια προσεφιλοτιμεῖτο, τοῖς μὲν ὑπὸ μπαϊούλῳ, ὃν Ἕλλην ἂν εἴποι ἐπί τροπον, τοῖς δὲ Πισσαίοις ὑπὸ κουσούλῳ, ἐφόρῳ, νόμοις τοῖς αὐτῶν χρωμέ νοις, πράττειν τὰ ἑαυτῶν ἀκωλύτως, ἐλευθέρους διαβιοῦντας. Πλὴν τοῖς μὲν Γεννουίταις οὐκ εἶχε πιστεύειν, ἐντὸς περικεκλεισμένοις τοῦ ἄστεος, πολλοῖς γε οὖσι καὶ οὐ κατ' ἐκείνους ἀμφοτέρους συνάμα, ἐκείνους δ' ἠλαττωμένους τῷ πλήθει ἐντὸς κατέχων οὐκ ἤλγει. Τὸ γοῦν διαιρεῖν τὰ γένη καὶ