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God with us, because the Father and God of all is beyond not only mortal, but also all rational nature; while the Son, the God with us, is reasonably so named because of his coming down even to us. But since I remember hearing one of the circumcision say that these things were prophesied to Ahaz concerning Hezekiah, who was born of him and reigned after him, it must be observed that it is shown Hezekiah had already been born long before Ahaz reigned and before this very prophecy was spoken to him; for he succeeded Ahaz, who had reigned for sixteen years, being in his twenty-fifth year of age when he began to reign, so that his birth preceded his father's accession to the throne by nine years; but indeed the present words are prophesied to Ahaz while he is already reigning concerning the declared, paradoxical and most wonderful birth of Christ. But what meaning each of these 179 things has according to the letter, the diligent student will know by consulting the commentaries on the passages of the wonderful man. Ps. E'. And the Lord said to me, Take for yourself a new, large roll of paper, and write on it with a man's pen, to make a swift taking of spoils; For it is at hand, and make for me faithful men as witnesses, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Barachiah. And I went to the prophetess, and she conceived, and bore a son; and the Lord said to me, Call his name, Spoil swiftly, plunder quickly; because before the child knows how to call father or mother, he will take the power of Damascus and the spoils of Samaria before the king of the Assyrians. For the writing of the paradox that is about to be accomplished, the prophet is commanded to take a new, large, unwritten roll; by which I believe the gospel of the new covenant is signified; but also to make faithful men as witnesses for the Lord, one of whom is said to be a priest, and the other I think was a prophet, for the book of Chronicles also mentions him, whom I myself suppose to be a symbol of the prophets who testified to the coming of our Savior Jesus Christ, and of the priests long established in his type. After these things it is said: And I went to the prophetess, and she conceived and bore a son, and the rest. But it is very unseemly and foreign to the prophe 180 tic dignity and purity to think so readily that the prophet, while himself being inspired by God, in the presence of the aforementioned witnesses, approached a woman, a prophetess herself, for the sake of shameful intercourse; what probability is there to dare to say he approached her, that she conceived and bore a son? But I think that this prophecy also holds to the meaning of the one set forth before, according to which it was said, behold, the virgin will conceive in her womb; for there it was foretold that the virgin would conceive in the womb and bear a son; but here the manner in which the prophecy was fulfilled is also shown; for, he says, she conceived in the womb and bore a son. Who then would be the one saying, I went to the prophetess, if not the Holy Spirit speaking in the prophet, about whom it was said to Mary, The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. Therefore she herself also might not inappropriately be called a prophetess, having conceived from the Holy Spirit, she bore him who was there called Emmanuel, but here is addressed otherwise; for, he says, call the name of the child that was born, Spoil swiftly, plunder quickly; for in truth he did spoil and plunder by a secret and divine power the opposing invisible and spiritual powers, so as to say, I have overcome the world; from whom, having taken spoils and plunder, the souls long tyrannized over by them, to proclaim release to the captives, he confesses that he received from the Father the nations as his inheritance; which might 181 easily be called spoils; and his possession

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μεθ' ἡμῶν Θεὸς, τῷ τὸν μὲν Πατέρα καὶ Θεὸν τῶν ὅλων ἐπέκεινα οὐ μόνον τῆς θνητῆς, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάσης τῆς λογικῆς φύσεως τυγχάνειν· τὸν δὲ Υἱὸν, τὸν μεθ' ἡμῶν Θεὸν εἰκότως ὀνομάζεσθαι τῆς μέχρις ἡμῶν ἐπιδημίας αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν. Ἐπεὶ δέ τινος τῶν ἐκ περιτομῆς εἰρηκότος ἀκούσας μέμνημαι ταῦτα τῷ Ἄχαζ προφητεύεσθαι περὶ Ἐζεκίου τοῦ ἐξ αὐτοῦ γενομένου καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν βασιλεύσαντος, ἐπιτηρητέον, ὅτι πρὸ τοῦ βασιλεῦσαι τὸν Ἄχαζ καὶ πρὸ τῆς εἰρημένης αὐτῷ ταύτης δὴ αὐτῆς τῆς προφητείας, Ἐζεκίας ἤδη πάλαι γεγενημένος ἀποδείκνυται· ἐπὶ δέκα γοὖν καὶ ἓξ ἔτεσιν τὸν Ἄχας βασιλεύσαντα διαδέχεται, ἄγων ἔτος τῆς ἡλικίας πέμπτον καὶ εἰκοστὸν, ὁπηνίκα τῆς βασιλείας ἤρχετο, ὡς προλαμβάνειν αὐτοῦ τὴν γένεσιν ἔτεσιν ἐννέα τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς ἐπὶ τὴν βασιλείαν πάροδον· ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἤδη βασιλεύοντι τὰ προκείμενα τῷ Ἄχας προφητεύεται περὶ τῆς δεδηλωμένης τοῦ Χριστοῦ παραδόξου καὶ θαυμασιωτάτης γενέσεως. Τὰ δὲ 179 κατὰ τὴν λέξιν ἕκαστα ὁποῖον ἔχει νοῦν, τοῖς εἰς τοὺς τόπους τοῦ θαυμασίου ἀνδρὸς ἐξηγητικοῖς ἐντυχὼν ὁ φιλομαθὴς εἴσεται. Ψ. Εʹ. Καὶ εἶπεν Κύριος πρὸς μὲ, Λάβε σεαυτῷ τόμον χάρτου καινοῦ μεγάλου, καὶ γράψον εἰς αὐτὸν γραφίδι ἀνθρώπου, τοῦ ὀξέως προνομὴν ποιῆσαι σκύλων· Πάρεστι γὰρ, καὶ μάρτυράς μοι ποίησον πιστοὺς ἀνθρώπους, τὸν Οὐρίαν τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Ζαχαρίαν υἱὸν Βαραχίου. Καὶ προσῆλθον πρὸς τὴν προφήτην ῆτιν, καὶ ἐν γαστρὶ ἔλαβεν, καὶ ἔτεκεν υἱόν· καὶ εἶπεν Κύριός μοι, Κάλεσον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Ταχέως σκύλευσον, ὀξέως προνόμευσον· δι' ὅτι πρὶν ἢ γνῶναι τὸ παιδίον καλεῖν πατέρα ἢ μητέρα, λήψεται δύναμιν ∆αμασκοῦ, καὶ τὰ σκῦλα Σαμαρείας ἐναντίον βασιλέως Ἀσσυρίων. Ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ μέλλοντος ἀποτελεῖσθαι παραδόξου ἀναγραφῇ τόμον καινοῦ μεγάλου ἀγράφου προστάσσεται λαβεῖν ὁ προφήτης· δι' οὗ δηλοῦσθαι νομίζω τὸ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης εὐαγγέλιον· ἀλλὰ καὶ μάρτυρας τῷ Κυρίῳ ποιήσασθαι πιστοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ὧν ὁ μὲν ἱερεὺς λέγεται εἶναι, ὁ δ' ἕτερος οἶμαι προφήτης ἦν, μέμνηται γοὖν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ τῶν Παραλειπομένων γραφὴ, οὓς καὶ αὐτοὺς ὑπολαμβάνω σύμβολον εἶναι τῶν μεμαρτυρηκότων τῇ τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίᾳ προφητῶν, καὶ τῶν εἰς τὸν αὐτοῦ τύπον πάλαι καθεστώτων ἱερέων. Μετὰ ταῦτα λέγεται· καὶ προσῆλθον πρὸς τὴν προφῆτιν, καὶ ἐν γαστρὶ ἔλαβε καὶ ἔτεκεν υἱὸν, καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. Σφόδρα δὲ ἀπρεπὲς καὶ τῆς προφη 180 τικῆς σεμνότητός τε καὶ καθαρότητος ἀλλότριον τὸ προχείρως οὕτως οἴεσθαι τὸν προφήτην ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ θεοφορεῖσθαι ἐπὶ μαρτύρων τῶν προδεδηλωμένων κοινωνίας χάριν αἰσχρᾶς προσεληλυθέναι γυναικὶ προφήτιδι καὶ αὐτῇ· ποία δὲ κἂν πιθανότης τολμάτω προσελθεῖν αὐτὸν συνειληφέναι καὶ τετοκέναι αὐτὴν υἱόν· ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἔχεσθαι καὶ ταύτην τὴν προφητείαν ἡγοῦμαι τοῦ νοῦ τῆς προεκτεθείσης, καθ' ἣν εἴρητο, ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ λήψεται· ἐκεῖσε μὲν γὰρ ἐν γαστρὶ λήψεσθαι καὶ τέξεσθαι υἱὸν προυλέγετο ἡ παρθένος· ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ ὁ τρόπος καθ' ὃν πέρας εἴληφεν ἡ προφητεία δηλοῦται· ἐν γαστρὶ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἔλαβεν καὶ ἔτεκεν υἱόν. Τίς ἂν οὖν εἴη ὁ φάσκων τὸ, προσῆλθον πρὸς τὴν προφῆτιν, ἢ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τὸ λαλοῦν ἐν τῷ προφήτῃ, περὶ οὗ λέλεκται τῇ Μαρίᾳ, Πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἐπελεύσεται ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ δύναμις Ὑψίστου ἐπισκιάσει σοι. ∆ιὸ καὶ προφῆτις οὐκ ἀπεικότως καὶ αὐτὴ ἂν λεχθείη, ἀπὸ γ' οὖν τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος συλλαβοῦσα τέτοκεν τὸν ἐκεῖσε μὲν ἐπικεκλημένον Ἐμμανουὴλ, ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἄλλως προσαγορευόμενον· κάλεσον γὰρ, φησὶ, τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ ἀποτεχθέντος παιδίου, ταχέως σκύλευσον, ὀξέως προνόμευσον· καὶ γὰρ ὡς ἀληθῶς ἐσκύλευσεν οὗτος καὶ προενόμευσεν ἀπορρήτῳ καὶ θείᾳ δυνάμει τὰς ἀντικειμένας ἀοράτους καὶ πνευματικὰς δυνάμεις, ὥστε εἰπεῖν, ἐγὼ νενίκηκα τὸν κόσμον· ἀφ' ὧν σκῦλα καὶ προνομὴν εἰληφὼς τὰς πάλαι κατατυραννουμένας ὑπ' αὐτῶν ψυχὰς κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν, ὁμολογεῖ λαβὼν παρὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἔθνη τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ· ἃ λέγοιτ' 181 ἂν εὐκόλως σκῦλα· καὶ τὴν κατάσχεσιν αὐτοῦ