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of the bishop of Apameia and of the idolatrous temples destroyed by him. 23. Concerning Theophilus, bishop of Alexandria, and the events that took place there during the destruction of the idols. 24. Concerning Flavianus, bishop of Antioch, and the division that occurred with the westerners because of Paulinus. 25. Concerning the tyranny of Eugenius and the victory of the emperor Theodosius through faith. 26. Concerning the death of the emperor Theodosius. 27. Concerning the emperor Honorius and Telemachius the monk. 28. Concerning the piety of the emperor Arcadius and the ordination of John the bishop. 29. Concerning the godly boldness of this bishop. 30. Concerning the idolatrous temples in Phoenicia destroyed by him. 31. Concerning the church of the Goths. 32. Concerning the provision made by him for the Scythians, and his zeal against the Marcionists. 277 33. Concerning the request of Gaïnas and the rebuttal of John the bishop. 34. Concerning the embassy. 35. Concerning the plots devised against him. 36. Concerning the events that happened because of him. 37. Concerning Alexander, bishop of Antioch. 38. Concerning the later repentance of those who had warred against John the bishop, and the transfer of his relics. 39. Concerning the faith of the emperor Theodosius and his sisters. 40. Concerning Theodotus, bishop of Antioch. 41. Concerning the persecution in Persia and those who were martyred there. 42. Concerning Theodore, bishop of Mopsuestia. 278 THE FIFTH BOOK OF THEODORET'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

How for a very long time the Lord God bears with those who rage against him

and how He punishes those who do not use His long-suffering aright, Valens, by what he did and what he suffered, has taught precisely. For the benevolent one, using pity and justice like certain scales and balances, whenever he sees someone by the magnitude of his offenses exceeding the measures of benevolence, by a just punishment prevents his further progress. But Gratian, the son of Valentinian and nephew of Valens, took over the entire dominion of the Romans. For he had long ago received the scepters of Europe after the death of his father; and while his father was still living, he shared in the empire. He therefore also took over Asia and the remaining parts of Libya, since Valens was killed without a child. At once, however, he made the piety which he possessed more manifest and offered the first fruits of his reign to the King of all. For he wrote a law, commanding the exiled shepherds to return and be restored to their own flocks, and the divine houses to be handed over to those who chose the communion of Damasus. This Damasus 279 was bishop of Rome, being adorned with a praiseworthy life and choosing to say and do everything in behalf of the apostolic doctrines; and after Liberius he had received the charge of the church. And with the law he also sent Sapor the general, who was most famous at that time; and he ordered him to drive the heralds of the Arian blasphemy, like some wild beasts, from the sacred precincts, and to restore these to the best shepherds and the divine flocks. And in every nation this was done without dispute, but in Antioch, the leading city of the East, a strife arose concerning this matter as follows. For, as we have said before, those who contended for the apostolic doctrines were divided in two. And some, immediately after the plot devised against Eustathius the great, abominating the Arian abomination and assembling by themselves, had Paulinus as their leader; but others, after the ordination of Euzoius, having separated with the great Meletius from the impious and having endured those dangers which we have recounted, under the most wise Meletius

99

ἐπισκόπου Ἀπαμείας καὶ τῶν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ καταλυθέντων εἰδωλικῶν ναῶν. κγʹ. Περὶ Θεοφίλου τοῦ Ἀλεξανδρείας ἐπισκόπου, καὶ τῶν ἐν τῇ καθαι ρέσει τῶν εἰδώλων αὐτόθι γεγενημένων. κδʹ. Περὶ Φλαβιανοῦ τοῦ Ἀντιοχείας ἐπισκόπου, καὶ τῆς διὰ Παυλῖνον γεγενημένης τοῖς δυτικοῖς διαστάσεως. κεʹ. Περὶ τῆς Εὐγενίου τυραννίδος καὶ τῆς Θεοδοσίου τοῦ βασιλέως διὰ πίστεως νίκης. κʹ. Περὶ τῆς Θεοδοσίου τοῦ βασιλέως τελευτῆς. κζʹ. Περὶ Ὀνωρίου τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ Τηλεμαχίου τοῦ μονάζοντος. κηʹ. Περὶ τῆς Ἀρκαδίου τοῦ βασιλέως εὐσεβείας, καὶ τῆς Ἰωάννου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου χειροτονίας. κθʹ. Περὶ τῆς κατὰ θεὸν τοῦδε τοῦ ἐπισκόπου παρρησίας. λʹ. Περὶ τῶν ἐν τῇ Φοινίκῃ δι' αὐτοῦ καταλυθέντων εἰδωλικῶν ναῶν. λαʹ. Περὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας τῶν Γότθων. λβʹ. Περὶ τῆς εἰς τοὺς Σκύθας ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γεγενημένης προνοίας, καὶ τοῦ κατὰ τῶν Μαρκιονιστῶν ζήλου. 277 λγʹ. Περὶ τῆς Γαϊνᾶ αἰτήσεως καὶ τῆς Ἰωάννου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου ἀν τιρρήσεως. λδʹ. Περὶ τῆς πρεσβείας. λεʹ. Περὶ τῶν κατ' αὐτοῦ τυρευθέντων. λʹ. Περὶ τῶν δι' αὐτὸν συμβεβηκότων. λζʹ. Περὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου Ἀντιοχείας. ληʹ. Περὶ τῆς ὕστερον γεγενημένης τοῖς πεπολεμηκόσιν Ἰωάννῃ τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ μεταμελείας, καὶ τῆς τῶν λειψάνων αὐτοῦ μετακομιδῆς. λθʹ. Περὶ τῆς πίστεως Θεοδοσίου τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ. μʹ. Περὶ Θεοδότου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου Ἀντιοχείας. μαʹ. Περὶ τοῦ ἐν Περσίδι διωγμοῦ καὶ τῶν ἐκεῖ μαρτυρησάντων. μβʹ. Περὶ Θεοδώρου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου Μοψουεστίας. 278 ΤΟΜΟΣ ΠΕΜΠΤΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΘΕΟ∆ΩΡΗΤΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ

Ὅπως μὲν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον φέρει τοὺς κατ' αὐτοῦ λυττῶντας ὁ δεσπότης θεὸς

καὶ ὅπως κολάζει τοὺς οὐκ εἰς δέον τῇ μακροθυμίᾳ χρωμένους, τοιαῦτα καὶ δεδρακὼς καὶ πεπονθὼς ὁ Βάλης ἐδίδαξεν ἀκριβῶς. οἷον γάρ τισι σταθμοῖς καὶ ζυγοῖς οἴκτῳ καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ χρώμενος ὁ φιλάνθρωπος, ὅταν ἴδῃ τινὰ τῷ μεγέθει τῶν πλημμελη μάτων ὑπερβάλλοντα τῆς φιλανθρωπίας τὰ μέτρα, τῇ δικαίᾳ τιμω ρίᾳ κωλύει τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ πρόσω φοράν. Γρατιανὸς δέ, ὁ Βαλεντινιανοῦ μὲν υἱός, Βάλεντος δὲ ἀδελφιδοῦς, πᾶσαν τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμονίαν παρέλαβε. πάλαι μὲν γὰρ τῆς Εὐρώπης παρειλήφει τὰ σκῆπτρα μετὰ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς τελευτήν· καὶ ἐκείνου δέ γε περιόντος ἐκοινώνει τῆς βασιλείας. προσέλαβεν οὖν καὶ τὴν Ἀσίαν καὶ τὰ λειπόμενα τῆς Λιβύης, ἄπαιδος ἀναιρεθέντος τοῦ Βάλεντος. Εὐθὺς μέντοι τὴν εὐσέβειαν ἣν εἶχεν ἐκδηλοτέραν κατέστησε καὶ τῆς βασιλείας τὰς ἀπαρχὰς τῷ παμβασιλεῖ τῶν ὅλων προσήνεγκε. νόμον γὰρ ἔγραψε, καὶ τοὺς ἐληλαμένους ποιμένας ἐπανελθεῖν κελεύων καὶ τοῖς σφετέροις ἀποδοθῆναι ποιμνίοις, καὶ τοὺς θείους οἴκους παραδοθῆναι τοῖς τὴν ∆αμάσου κοινωνίαν προαιρουμένοις. ∆άμασος 279 δὲ οὗτος Ῥώμης ἐπίσκοπος ἦν, καὶ ἀξιεπαίνῳ βίῳ κοσμούμενος καὶ πάντα λέγειν καὶ πράττειν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν δογμάτων αἱρού μενος· μετὰ Λιβέριον δὲ τὴν τῆς ἐκκλησίας παρειλήφει κηδεμονίαν. συνεξέπεμψε δὲ τῷ νόμῳ καὶ Σάπωρα τὸν στρατηγὸν ὀνομαστότατον τηνικάδε ὄντα· καὶ τῆς μὲν Ἀρείου βλασφημίας τοὺς κήρυκας, οἷόν τινας θῆρας, τῶν ἱερῶν σηκῶν ἐξελάσαι, τοῖς δὲ ἀρίστοις ποιμέσι καὶ τοῖς θείοις ποιμνίοις τούτους ἀποδοῦναι προσέταξε. καὶ ἐν ἑκάστῳ μὲν ἔθνει τοῦτό γε ἀδηρίτως ἐγένετο, ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ δὲ τῇ τῆς Ἑῴας ἡγουμένῃ ἔρις ἐγένετο περὶ τοῦδε τοιάδε. ∆ιχῆ μέν, ὡς καὶ πρόσθεν εἰρήκαμεν, οἱ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ὑπερα γωνιζόμενοι δογμάτων διῄρηντο. καὶ οἱ μὲν εὐθὺς μετὰ τὴν κατ' Εὐσταθίου τοῦ μεγάλου τυρευθεῖσαν ἐπιβουλὴν τὴν Ἀρειανικὴν βδελυξάμενοι βδελυρίαν καὶ κατὰ σφὰς αὐτοὺς ἀθροιζόμενοι, Παυλῖνον εἶχον ἡγούμενον· οἱ δὲ μετὰ τὴν Εὐζωΐου χειροτονίαν σὺν Μελετίῳ τῷ πάνυ τῶν δυσσεβούντων ἀποκριθέντες καὶ τοὺς κινδύνους ἐκεί νους οὓς διεξήλθομεν ὑπομείναντες, ὑπὸ τῆς Μελετίου σοφωτάτης