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for these are notions of the divine power of Christ, in whom those who have not believed will wish that they had been burned with fire rather than to see their own rejection and the salvation of the gentiles, which the zeal of the Lord of Sabaoth is said to bring about; to which you will compare what was said somehow thus by Moses: they have moved me to jealousy with their idols, and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a nation; with a foolish nation 184 I will anger them. But indeed, it is not of the present time, nor is it our purpose, to clarify every word of the prophecy; how it is said, "upon the throne of David and upon his kingdom, to establish it"; at which it would be likely for those of the circumcision to stumble, because our Savior and Lord Jesus Christ did not sit physically upon the throne and the kingdom of David; for which reason, having referred the studious to the commentaries on these passages, we shall accomplish what has been set before us. 8. Behold, the Lord, the Lord of Sabaoth, shall confound the glorious ones with might, and the lofty in their pride shall be broken, and they shall be humbled, and the lofty shall fall by the sword, and Lebanon with its lofty ones shall fall. And a rod shall come forth from the root of Jesse, and a flower shall spring up from the root, and the Spirit of God shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and piety shall fill him; the spirit of the fear of God, he shall not judge according to appearance, nor reprove according to speech, but he shall judge the lowly with justice, and shall reprove the humble of the earth, and he shall smite the earth with the word of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked; and he shall be girded with righteousness about his loins, and with truth wrapped around his sides. And the wolf shall feed with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid, and the calf 185 and the bull and the lion shall feed together, and their children shall be together, and the lion shall eat straw like an ox, and an infant child shall lay his hand on the hole of asps and on the lair of the offspring of asps, and they shall not do evil, nor shall they be able to destroy anyone on my holy mountain, for the whole earth was filled with the knowledge of the Lord as much water covers the seas; and in that day there shall be the root of Jesse, and he that shall arise to rule the nations, in him shall the nations hope, and his rest shall be honor. Not even those of the circumcision themselves have supposed the one prophesied here to be anyone other than the Christ, except insofar as, with a bare interpretation of the prophecy, imagining that the things concerning the place would be more physical, they do not confess faith in our Lord Jesus Christ; but we, persuaded that all things in the prophecy are worthy of God, have believed that these things are said concerning the changes of human ways of those who, through the epiphany of our Savior, have been transformed from the depth of wickedness to gentleness; still even now seeing how and in what manner in the churches throughout the world, after the coming of Jesus Christ who sprouted from the root of Jesse, the many of men were refashioned, and changed their very nature from a bestial life, being formerly certain wolves and leopards in this manner and lions and as many other beasts and reptiles as the prophecy enumerates, according to the analogy of the varied evil and wickedness in each one; who also, having changed 186 and been, as it were, refashioned, advanced to such gentleness, as to feed together, eating the same food of the sacred words of God, with the most gentle in character, the righteous men of God, whom the divine word has likened, on account of such innocence of soul, to tame and most gentle animals, and to the children written of here. But if anyone is disbelieving toward these things, let him say if it is possible otherwise according to the literal meaning to preserve the text; for why or how will Lebanon fall with its lofty ones? but let him not interpret figuratively either the rod, or the

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ἡμᾶς γὰρ ἐπίνοιαι εἰσὶν αὗται τῆς θείας τοῦ Χριστοῦ δυνάμεως, εἰς ὃν οἱ μὴ πιστεύσαντες θελήσουσιν εἰ ἐγενήθησαν πυρίκαυστοι μᾶλλον ἢ ὅτι τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀποβολὴν ἰδεῖν καὶ τὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν σωτηρίαν, ἣν ὁ ζῆλος Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ ποιήσειν εἴρηται· ᾧ παραθήσεις τὸ παρὰ Μωσεῖ οὕτω πῶς λελεγμένον· αὐτοὶ παρεζήλωσάν με ἐν τοῖς εἰδώλοις αὐτῶν, κἀγὼ παραζηλώσω αὐτοὺς ἐπ' οὐκ ἔθνει· ἐπ' ἔθνει 184 ἀσυνέτῳ παροργιῶ αὐτούς. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ οὐ τοῦ παρόντος καιροῦ, οὐδὲ μὴν τοῦ καθ' ἡμᾶς τυγχάνει σκοποῦ, ἑκάστην λέξιν διασαφῆσαι τῆς προφητείας παραστήσεται· ̣σιξ̣ ὅπως εἴρηται τὸ, ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον ∆αυὶδ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ κατορθῶσαι αὐτήν· ᾧ καὶ εἰκὸς ἂν εἴη προσκόψαι τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς, διὰ τὸ μὴ σωματικῶς ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ ∆αυὶδ κεκαθικέναι τὸν Σωτῆρα καὶ Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν· δι' ὅπερ ἀναπέμψαντες τοὺς φιλομαθεῖς ἐπὶ τὰ εἰς τοὺς τόπους ὑπομνήματα, ἡμεῖς τὸ προτεθὲν διαπερανούμεθα. Ηʹ. Ἰδοὺ δὴ ὁ δεσπότης Κύριος σαβαὼθ συνταράξει τοὺς ἐνδόξους μετὰ ἰσχύος, καὶ ὑψηλοὶ τῇ ὕβρει συντριβήσονται, καὶ ταπεινωθήσονται, καὶ πεσοῦνται οἱ ὑψηλοὶ μαχαίρᾳ, ὁ δὲ Λίβανος σὺν τοῖς ὑψηλοῖς πεσεῖται. Καὶ ἐξελεύσεται ῥάβδος ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης Ἱεσσαὶ, καὶ ἄνθος ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης ἀναβήσεται, καὶ ἐπαναπαύσεται ἐπ' αὐτὸν πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, πνεῦμα σοφίας καὶ συνέσεως, πνεῦμα βουλῆς καὶ ἰσχύος, πνεῦμα γνώσεως καὶ εὐσεβείας ἐμπλήσει αὐτόν· πνεῦμα φόβου Θεοῦ, οὐ κατὰ τὴν δόξαν κρινεῖ, οὐδὲ κατὰ τὴν λαλιὰν ἐλέγξει, ἀλλὰ κρινεῖ ταπεινῷ κρίσιν, καὶ ἐλέγξει τοὺς ταπεινοὺς τῆς γῆς, καὶ πατάξει γῆν τῷ λόγῳ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν πνεύματι διὰ χειλέων ἀνελεῖ ἀσεβῆ· καὶ ἔσται δικαιοσύνῃ ἐζωσμένος τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀληθείᾳ εἱλημμένος τὰς πλευρὰς αὐτοῦ. Καὶ συμβοσκηθήσεται λύκος μετὰ ἀρνὸς, καὶ πάρδαλις συναναπαύσεται ἐρίφῳ, καὶ μοσχάριον 185 καὶ ταῦρος καὶ λέων ἅμα βοσκηθήσονται, καὶ ἅμα τὰ παιδία αὐτῶν ἔσονται, καὶ λέων ὡς βοῦς φάγεται ἄχυρα, καὶ παιδίον νήπιον ἐπὶ τρώγλην ἀσπίδων καὶ ἐπὶ κοίτην ἐγγόνων ἀσπίδων τὴν χεῖρα ἐπιβαλεῖ, καὶ οὐ μὴ κακοποιήσωσιν οὐδὲ μὴ δύνωνται ἀπολέσαι οὐδένα ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ ἅγιον μου, ὅτι ἐνεπλήσθη ἡ σύμπασα γῆ τοῦ γνῶναι τὸν Κύριον ὡς ὕδωρ πολὺ κατακαλῦψαι θαλάσσας· καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ, καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν, ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν, καὶ ἔσται ἡ ἀνάπαυσις αὐτοῦ τιμή. Οὐδ' αὐτοὶ οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς ἄλλον τινὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὸν ἐνταῦθα προφητευόμενον ὑπειλήφασι, πλὴν ὅσον ἐπὶ ψιλῇ τῇ τῆς προφητείας ἐκδοχῇ σωματικώτερον ἔσεσθαι φανταζόμενοι τὰ κατὰ τὸν τόπον τὴν εἰς τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν οὐκ ὁμολογοῦσι πίστιν· ἡμεῖς δ' ὅλα τὰ κατὰ τὴν προφητείαν ἄξια εἶναι Θεοῦ πειθόμενοι, περὶ τροπῶν ἀνθρωπείων τῶν διὰ τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ βάθους τῆς κακίας εἰς ἡμερότητα μεταβεβληκότων ταῦτα λέγεσθαι πεπιστεύκαμεν· ἔτι καὶ νῦν ὁρῶντες πῶς καὶ τίνα τρόπον ἐν ταῖς κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις μετὰ τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης Ἰεσσαὶ βεβλαστηκότος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ οἱ πολλοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων μετεπλάσθησαν, καὶ τὴν φύσιν αὐτὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ θηριώδους μετέβαλον βίου, λύκοι τινὲς ὄντες τὸ πρότερον καὶ πορδάλεις τὸν τοιονδὶ τρόπον λέοντές τε καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα θηρία τε καὶ ἑρπετὰ κατ' ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἐν ἑκάστῳ ποικίλης κακίας τε καὶ πονηρίας ἡ προφητεία καταλέγει· οἱ καὶ μεταθέμενοι 186 καὶ ὡσπερεὶ μεταπλασθέντες εἰς τοσοῦτον ἡμερότητος ἤλασαν, ὡς συμβόσκεσθαι αὐτοὺς τὴν αὐτὴν ἔσθοντας τῶν ἱερῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ λόγων τροφὴν τοῖς ἡμερωτάτοις τὰ ἤθη δικαίοις ἀνδράσι τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὓς διὰ τὴν τοιανδὶ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀκακίαν τιθάσοις καὶ ἡμερωτάτοις ζῴοις, τοῖς τε ἀναγεγραμμένοις ἐνταῦθα παιδίοις ὁ θεῖος ἀπείκασε λόγος. Εἰ δὲ πρὸς ταῦτα τίς δυσπειθῶς ἔχοι, λεγέτω εἰ οἷόν τε ἄλλως κατὰ τὴν πρόχειρον διάνοιαν σώζειν τὴν λέξιν· διὰ τί γὰρ ἢ καὶ πῶς ὁ Λίβανος σὺν τοῖς ὑψηλοῖς πεσεῖται; μὴ τροπολογείτω δὲ μήτε τὴν ῥάβδον, μὴ δὲ τὸ