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being pricked, whatever he may take hold of, he does not let go, but gnaws and tears it apart. Then he also adds the reason for the threat, that it is reasonable, that it is just; which contributes to faith, when we show that it happens justly. For he who has set aside, he says, the law of Moses, dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. - Without mercy, he says. So there is no pardon, no mercy there; and yet it is the law of Moses; for he himself ordained most of its provisions. What is, On two or three? If two and three testify, he says, they immediately received their punishment. If therefore under the Old Covenant, where the law of Moses is set aside, there is so great a punishment; how much more so here? Therefore he says thus: Of how much worse punishment, do you suppose, will he be thought worthy who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and counted the blood of the covenant a common thing, and insulted the Spirit of grace? 2. And how does one trample underfoot the Son of God? When he who partakes of him in the mysteries commits sin, tell me, has he not trampled him underfoot? Has he not despised him? For just as we have no regard for things that are trampled underfoot, so also those who sin had no regard for Christ, and for this reason they sinned in this way. You have become the body of Christ, and you give yourself to the devil, that he may trample on you? And counting the blood, he says, a common thing. What is common? That which is unclean, or that which has nothing more than other things. And having insulted the Spirit of grace. For he who does not accept the benefit has insulted the benefactor. He made you a son; do you wish to become a slave? He came to dwell with you; do you bring evil thoughts into yourself? Christ wished to be established with you; but you trample him underfoot through carousing, through drunkenness? Let us hear, who unworthily partake of the mysteries; let us hear, who unworthily approach that table: Give not that which is holy, he says, to the dogs, lest they trample it under their feet; that is, lest they despise it, lest they spit upon it. But he did not say this, but what was more fearful than this; for by what is fearful he braces souls; for this too is sufficient to convert no less than comfort. And at the same time he shows the difference, and he brings upon them the punishment and the 63.145 judgment, since the matter is manifest. Of how much worse punishment, he says, will he be thought worthy? Here it seems to me that he is also hinting at the mysteries. Then he also adduces a testimony, saying: It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God. For it is written: Vengeance is Mine, I will repay, says the Lord; and again, The Lord will judge His people. We will fall, he says, into the hands of the Lord, and not into the hands of men. But if you do not repent, you will fall into the hands of God; that is fearful; this, falling into the hands of men, is nothing. When we see, he says, someone being punished here, let us not be afraid at present things, but let us shudder at future things. For according to His mercy, so also is His wrath, and His anger will rest upon sinners. At the same time he also hints at something else here by saying: Vengeance is Mine, I will repay. This is said of enemies who do evil, not of those who suffer evil. Here he also comforts them, all but saying: God remains and lives forever; so that even if they do not receive their due now, they will receive it later. They should groan, not we; for we will fall into their hands, but they into God's. For it is not the one who suffers who suffers evil, but the one who does it; nor is the one who is benefited who receives the benefit, but the one who bestows it. Knowing these things, therefore, let us be patient in suffering evil, and ready to do good. This will happen if we despise money and glory; he who has put off these passions is freer than all men, and more prosperous than the one who wears the purple robe. Do you not see how many evils happen on account of money? I do not say how many on account of greed, but in the attachment to these things; for instance: If someone loses money, he lives a life more grievous than any death. Why do you grieve, O man? Why do you weep? Because God has freed you from superfluous custody? Because you do not sit

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κεντούμενος, ὧν ἂν ἐπιλάβηται, οὐκ ἀφίησιν, ἀλλὰ τρώγει καὶ διασπᾷ. Εἶτα καὶ τὸν λόγον ἐπάγει τῆς ἀπειλῆς, ὅτι εἰκότως, ὅτι δικαίως· ὅπερ εἰς πίστιν ἐστὶ συμβαλλόμενον, ὅταν δείξωμεν ὅτι δικαίως γίνεται. Ἀθετήσας γὰρ, φησὶ, τὶς νόμον Μωϋσέως, χωρὶς οἰκτιρμῶν ἐπὶ δυσὶν ἢ τρισὶ μάρτυσιν ἀποθνήσκει. - Χωρὶς οἰκτιρμῶν, φησίν. Ὥστε οὐδεμία συγγνώμη, οὐδεὶς ἔλεος ἐκεῖ· καίτοι γε Μωϋσέως ὁ νόμος ἐστί· τὰ γὰρ πολλὰ αὐτὸς διετάξατο. Τί ἐστιν, Ἐπὶ δυσὶν ἢ τρισίν; Ἂν δύο καὶ τρεῖς μαρτυρήσωσι, φησὶν, εὐθέως τὴν δίκην ἔδοσαν. Εἰ τοίνυν ἐπὶ τῆς Παλαιᾶς, ἔνθα ὁ Μωϋσέως ἀθετεῖται νόμος, τοσαύτη τιμωρία· πόσῳ μᾶλλον ἐνταῦθα; ∆ιὸ καὶ οὕτω φησί· Πόσῳ δοκεῖτε χείρονος ἀξιωθήσεται τιμωρίας ὁ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ καταπατήσας, καὶ τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης κοινὸν ἡγησάμενος, καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος ἐνυβρίσας; βʹ. Καὶ πῶς καταπατεῖ τις τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ; Ὅταν ὁ μετέχων αὐτοῦ ἐν τοῖς μυστηρίοις, ἁμαρτίαν ἐργάζηται, εἰπέ μοι, οὐχὶ κατεπάτησεν αὐτόν; οὐχὶ κατεφρόνησεν αὐτοῦ; Καθάπερ γὰρ τῶν καταπατουμένων οὐδένα λόγον ἔχομεν· οὕτω καὶ οἱ ἁμαρτάνοντες τοῦ Χριστοῦ οὐδένα λόγον ἔσχον, ὅθεν καὶ οὕτως ἥμαρτον. Γέγονας σῶμα Χριστοῦ, καὶ δίδως σαυτὸν τῷ διαβόλῳ, ὥστε καταπατεῖν σε; Καὶ τὸ αἷμα, φησὶ, κοινὸν ἡγησάμενος. Κοινὸν τί ἐστι; Τὸ ἀκάθαρτον, ἢ τὸ μηδὲν πλέον ἔχον τῶν λοιπῶν. Καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος ἐνυβρίσας. Ὁ γὰρ τὴν εὐεργεσίαν μὴ παραδεχόμενος, ὕβρισε τὸν εὐεργετήσαντα. Ἐποίησέ σε υἱόν· σὺ δὲ θέλεις γενέσθαι δοῦλος; ἦλθε κατασκηνῶσαι πρὸς σέ· σὺ δὲ ἐπεισάγεις σαυτῷ πονηροὺς λογισμούς; ὁ Χριστὸς ἠθέλησεν ἱδρυνθῆναι πρὸς σέ· σὺ δὲ αὐτὸν καταπατεῖς διὰ τῆς κραιπάλης, διὰ τῆς μέθης; Ἀκούσωμεν οἱ ἀναξίως τῶν μυστηρίων μετέχοντες, ἀκούσωμεν οἱ ἀναξίως προσιόντες τῇ τραπέζῃ ἐκείνῃ· Μὴ δῶτε τὰ ἅγια, φησὶ, τοῖς κυσὶ, μήποτε καταπατήσωσιν ἐν τοῖς ποσὶν αὐτῶν· τουτέστι, μή πως καταφρονήσωσι, μὴ διαπτύσωσιν. Ἀλλ' οὐκ εἶπε τοῦτο, ἀλλ' ὃ τούτου φοβερώτερον ἦν· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ φοβεροῦ ἐπισφίγγει τὰς ψυχάς· ἱκανὸν γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο ἐπιστρέψαι παραμυθίας οὐχ ἧττον. Καὶ ὁμοῦ τε τὴν διαφορὰν δείκνυσι, καὶ τὴν κόλασιν καὶ τὴν 63.145 κρίσιν αὐτοῖς ἐφίστησιν, ἅτε τοῦ πράγματος ὄντος φανεροῦ. Πόσῳ δοκεῖτε, φησὶ, χείρονος ἀξιωθήσεται τιμωρίας; Ἐνταῦθά μοι δοκεῖ καὶ περὶ τῶν μυστηρίων αἰνίττεσθαι. Εἶτα καὶ μαρτυρίαν ἐπάγει λέγων· Φοβερὸν τὸ ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς χεῖρας Θεοῦ ζῶντος. Γέγραπται γάρ· Ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις, ἐγὼ ἀνταποδώσω, λέγει Κύριος· καὶ πάλιν, Κύριος κρινεῖ τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ. Ἐμπεσούμεθα, φησὶν, εἰς χεῖρας Κυρίου, καὶ μὴ εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων. Ἀλλ' ἐὰν μὴ μετανοήσητε, εἰς χεῖρας Θεοῦ ἐμπεσεῖσθε· ἐκεῖνο φοβερόν· τοῦτο οὐδέν ἐστι τὸ εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων ἐμπεσεῖν. Ὅταν ἴδωμεν, φησὶ, τινὰ κολαζόμενον ἐνταῦθα, μὴ φοβηθῶμεν ἐπὶ τοῖς παροῦσιν, ἀλλὰ φρίξωμεν ἐπὶ τοῖς μέλλουσι. Κατὰ γὰρ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ὀργὴ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐπὶ ἁμαρτωλοὺς καταπαύσει ὁ θυμὸς αὐτοῦ. Ἅμα καὶ ἕτερόν τι αἰνίττεται ἐνταῦθα διὰ τοῦ εἰπεῖν· Ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις, ἐγὼ ἀνταποδώσω. Ἐπὶ τῶν ἐχθρῶν τοῦτο εἴρηται τῶν κακῶς ποιούντων, οὐ τῶν κακῶς πασχόντων. Ἐνταῦθα καὶ παραμυθεῖται αὐτοὺς, μονονουχὶ λέγων· Μένει διαπαντὸς ὁ Θεὸς καὶ ζῇ· ὥστε κἂν μὴ νῦν ἀπολάβωσιν, ὕστερον ἀπολήψονται. Ἐκείνους δεῖ στενάζειν, οὐχ ἡμᾶς· ἡμεῖς μὲν γὰρ εἰς τὰς ἐκείνων ἐμπεσούμεθα χεῖρας, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ εἰς τὰς τοῦ Θεοῦ. Οὐ γὰρ ὁ παθὼν πάσχει κακῶς, ἀλλ' ὁ ποιῶν· οὔτε ὁ εὐεργετούμενος εὐεργετήθη, ἀλλ' ὁ εὐεργετῶν. Ταῦτα οὖν εἰδότες, ἀνεξίκακοι ὦμεν περὶ τὸ πάσχειν κακῶς, πρόχειροι περὶ τὸ εὐεργετεῖν. Τοῦτο δὲ ἔσται, ἂν χρημάτων καταφρονῶμεν καὶ δόξης· ὁ ταῦτα τὰ πάθη ἀποδυσάμενος, ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων ἐστὶν ἐλευθερώτερος, καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ τὴν ἁλουργίδα περικειμένου εὐπορώτερος. Οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅσα γίνεται κακὰ διὰ τὰ χρήματα; οὐ λέγω ὅσα διὰ τὴν πλεονεξίαν, ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ προσπαθείᾳ τούτων· οἷόν τι λέγω· Ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τις χρήματα, παντὸς θανάτου χαλεπώτερον βίον ζῇ. Τί ἀλγεῖς, ἄνθρωπε; τί δακρύεις; ὅτι σε τῆς περιττῆς φυλακῆς ἀπήλλαξεν ὁ Θεός; ὅτι οὐ κάθῃ