103

of the writing, Ogygus, who, having been saved when many were destroyed, became the namesake of the first flood, lived at the time of the exodus of the people with Moses from Egypt, in this manner: 10.10.10 to the first aforementioned Olympiad from Ogygus, a thousand and twenty years will be shown; and from the first Olympiad to the first year of the 55th, that is, to the first year of the reign of Cyrus, which was the end of the captivity, 217 years. From Ogygus, therefore, to Cyrus, a thousand two hundred and thirty-seven years. But if someone, calculating back from the end of the captivity 1237 years, it is found by analysis to be the same interval to the first year of the exodus of Israel from Egypt through Moses, as from the 55th Olympiad to Ogygus, who founded Eleusis; whence it is more noteworthy to comprehend the Attic chronography.” 10.10.11 And after other things: “And so much for the time before Ogygus. And in his time Moses came out of Egypt; and that it is not incredible that these things happened then, we show 10.10.12 thus: from the exodus of Moses to Cyrus, who reigned after the captivity, 1237 years; for the remaining years of Moses were 40; of Joshua who led after him, 25; of the elders after Joshua who were judges, 30 years; and of those contained in the book of Judges, 400 years; and of the priests Eli and Samuel, ... years; and of the succeeding Hebrew kings, four hundred ... years; and of the captivity, seventy, of which the last year was the first year of the reign of Cyrus, as we have said before. 10.10.13 And to the first Olympiad from Moses, 1020 years, if indeed to the first year of the fifty-fifth there are 1237 years, and the time coincided in the Greek accounts. 10.10.14 And after Ogygus, on account of the great destruction from the flood, what is now Attica remained without a king until Cecrops for 189 years. For Philochorus says that Actaeus after Ogygus, or the fictitious names, never even existed.” 10.10.15 And again: “From Ogygus, therefore, to Cyrus, as many years as from Moses to the same time, 1237 years. And some of the Greeks also relate that Moses lived at the same time; Polemon, on the one hand, in the first of his Hellenic Histories saying: “In the time of Apis son of Phoroneus, a portion of the Egyptian army was expelled from Egypt, who dwelt in the part of Syria called Palestine, not far from Arabia,” 10.10.16 clearly these being the ones with Moses; and Apion, the son of Poseidonius, a most painstaking grammarian, in his book Against the Jews and in the fourth of his Histories says that in the time of Inachus, king of Argos, while Amosis was king of the Egyptians, 10.10.17 the Jews revolted, of whom Moses was the leader. And Herodotus also mentions this revolt and Amosis in his second book; and in a way also of the Jews themselves, numbering them among those who are circumcised and calling those in 10.10.18 Palestine Assyrians, perhaps on account of Abraham. And Ptolemy of Mendes, relating the history of the Egyptians from the earliest times, agrees with all these; so that not even remarkable 10.10.19 further is the variation of the times. But it should be noted that whatever exceptional thing is mythologized by the Greeks on account of antiquity, this is found after Moses, both floods and conflagrations, Prometheus, Io, Europa, the Spartoi, the rape of Kore, mysteries, legislations, the acts of Dionysus, Perseus, the labors of Heracles, the Argonauts, the Centaurs, the Minotaur, the events concerning Ilium, the return of the Heracleidae, the colonization of the Ionians, 10.10.20 and the Olympiads. It therefore seemed good to me to set out the aforementioned time of the Attic kingdom, as I intend to set the Greek histories alongside the Hebraic histories. For it will be possible for anyone who wishes, receiving the beginning from me, to calculate the number in the same way as I. 10.10.21 Therefore, of the one thousand and twenty years set forth from Moses and Ogygus up to the first Olympiad, in the first year was the Passover and the exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt, while in Attica the flood in the time of Ogygus happens; 10.10.22 and according to

103

τοῦ συγγράμματος Ὤγυγον, ὃς τοῦ πρώτου κατακλυσμοῦ γέγονεν ἐπώνυμος πολλῶν διαφθαρέντων διασωθείς, κατὰ τὴν Αἰγύπτου τοῦ λαοῦ μετὰ Μωσέως ἔξοδον γεγενῆσθαι, τόνδε τὸν τρόπον· 10.10.10 ἐπὶ πρώτην Ὀλυμπιάδα τὴν προειρημένην ἀπὸ Ὠγύγου ἔτη δειχθήσεται χίλια εἴκοσιν· ἀπὸ δὲ πρώτης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἐπὶ τῆς νεʹ ἔτος πρῶτον, τουτέστιν ἐπὶ Κύρου βασιλείας ἔτος πρῶτον, ὅπερ ἦν αἰχμαλωσίας τέλος, ἔτη σιζʹ. ἀπὸ Ὠγύγου τοίνυν ἐπὶ Κῦρον ἔτη χίλια διακόσια τριάκοντα ἑπτά. εἰ δ' ἀναφέροι τις ἐπιλογιζόμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ τέλους τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας #22ασλζʹ ἔτη, κατὰ ἀνάλυσιν εὑρίσκεται ταὐτὸν διάστημα ἐπὶ τὸ πρῶτον ἔτος τῆς ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου διὰ Μωσέως ἐξόδου Ἰσραήλ, ὅσον ἀπὸ τῆς νεʹ Ὀλυμπιάδος ἐπὶ Ὤγυγον, ὃἔκτισεν Ἐλευσῖνα· ὅθεν ἐπισημότερόν ἐστι καταλαβεῖν τὴν Ἀττικὴν χρονογραφίαν.» 10.10.11 Καὶ μεθ' ἕτερα· «Καὶ τοσαῦτα μὲν πρὸ Ὠγύγου. κατὰ δὲ τοὺς τούτου χρόνους ἐξῆλθε Μωσῆς ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου· καὶ ὡς οὐκ ἄπιστον τότε ταῦτα συμβῆναι, δείκνυμεν 10.10.12 οὕτως· ἀπὸ τῆς ἐξόδου Μωσέως ἐπὶ Κῦρον, ὃς ἐβασίλευσε μετὰ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν, ἔτη #22ασλζʹ· Μωσέως γὰρ ἔτη τὰ λοιπὰ μʹ· Ἰησοῦ τοῦ μετ' ἐκεῖνον ἡγησαμένου κεʹ· πρεσβυτέρων ἔτη λʹ τῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦν Κριτῶν· τῶν τε ἐν τῇ βίβλῳ τῶν Κριτῶν περιεχομένων ἔτη υʹ· ἱερέων δὲ Ἠλεὶ καὶ Σαμουὴλ ἔτη ʹ· τῶν δ' ἑξῆς βασιλέων Ἑβραίων ἔτη τετρακόσια ʹ· τῆς δ' αἰχμαλωσίας ἑβδομήκοντα, ἧς τὸ τελευταῖον ἔτος ἦν Κύρου βασιλείας ἔτος πρῶτον, ὡς προειρή 10.10.13 καμεν. ἐπὶ δὲ πρώτην Ὀλυμπιάδα ἀπὸ Μωσέως ἔτη #22ακʹ, εἴπερ ἐπὶ πεντηκοστῆς πέμπτης ἔτος πρῶτον ἔτη #22ασλζʹ, κἀν τοῖς Ἑλληνικοῖς συνέδραμεν 10.10.14 ὁ χρόνος. μετὰ δὲ Ὤγυγον, διὰ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ κατακλυσμοῦ πολλὴν φθοράν, ἀβασίλευτος ἔμεινεν ἡ νῦν Ἀττικὴ μέχρι Κέκροπος ἔτη ρπθʹ. τὸν γὰρ μετὰ Ὤγυγον Ἀκταῖον ἢ τὰ πλασσόμενα τῶν ὀνομάτων οὐδὲ γενέσθαι φησὶ Φιλόχορος.» 10.10.15 Καὶ αὖθις· «Ἀπὸ Ὠγύγου τοίνυν ἐπὶ Κῦρον, ὁπόσα ἀπὸ Μωσέως ἐπὶ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον, ἔτη #22ασλζʹ. καὶ Ἑλλήνων δέ τινες ἱστοροῦσι κατὰ τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους γενέσθαι Μωσέα· Πολέμων μὲν ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν ἱστοριῶν λέγων· «Ἐπὶ Ἄπιδος τοῦ Φορωνέως μοῖρα τοῦ Αἰγυπτίων στρατοῦ ἐξέπεσεν Αἰγύπτου, οἳ ἐν τῇ Παλαιστίνῃ καλουμένῃ Συρίᾳ οὐ πόρρω Ἀραβίας ᾤκησαν», 10.10.16 αὐτοὶ δηλονότι οἱ μετὰ Μωσέως· Ἀπίων δὲ ὁ Ποσειδωνίου, περιεργότατος γραμματικῶν, ἐν τῇ κατὰ Ἰουδαίων βίβλῳ καὶ ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ τῶν ἱστοριῶν φησι κατὰ Ἴναχον Ἄργους βασιλέα, Ἀμώσιος Αἰγυπτίων βασιλεύοντος,10.10.17 ἀποστῆναι Ἰουδαίους, ὧν ἡγεῖσθαι Μωσέα. μέμνηται δὲ καὶ Ἡρόδοτος τῆς ἀποστασίας ταύτης καὶ Ἀμώσιος ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ· τρόπῳ δέ τινι καὶ Ἰουδαίων αὐτῶν, ἐν τοῖς περιτεμνομένοις αὐτοὺς καταριθμῶν καὶ Ἀσσυρίους τοὺς ἐν τῇ 10.10.18 Παλαιστίνῃ ἀποκαλῶν, τάχα δι' Ἁβραάμ. Πτολεμαῖος δὲ ὁ Μενδήσιος τὰ Αἰγυπτίων ἀνέκαθεν ἱστορῶν ἅπασι τούτοις συντρέχει· ὥστ' οὐδ' ἐπίσημος 10.10.19 ἐπὶ πλέον ἡ τῶν χρόνων παραλλαγή. σημειωτέον δὲ ὡς ὅ τι ποτὲ ἐξαίρετον Ἕλλησι δι' ἀρχαιότητα μυθεύεται, μετὰ Μωσέα τοῦθ' εὑρίσκεται, κατακλυσμοί τε καὶ ἐκπυρώσεις, Προμηθεύς, Ἰώ, Εὐρώπη, Σπαρτοί, Κόρης ἁρπαγή, μυστή ρια, νομοθεσίαι, ∆ιονύσου πράξεις, Περσεύς, ἆθλοι Ἡράκλειοι, Ἀργοναῦται, Κένταυροι, Μινώταυρος, τὰ περὶ Ἴλιον, Ἡρακλειδῶν κάθοδος, Ἰώνων ἀποικί10.10.20 καὶ Ὀλυμπιάδες. ἔδοξε δή μοι τῆς Ἀττικῆς βασιλείας τὸν προειρημένον ἐκτιθέναι χρόνον, παρατιθέναι μέλλοντι ταῖς Ἑβραϊκαῖς ἱστορίαις τὰς Ἑλληνικάς. ἐξέσται γὰρ τῷ βουλομένῳ, παρ' ἐμοῦ τὴν ἀρχὴν κομιζομένῳ, λογίζεσθαι τὸν ἀριθμὸν ὁμοίως ἐμοί. 10.10.21 Οὐκοῦν τῶν χιλίων καὶ εἴκοσιν ἐτῶν, τῶν μέχρι πρώτης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἀπὸ Μωσέως τε καὶ Ὠγύγου ἐκκειμένων, πρώτῳ μὲν ἔτει τὸ Πάσχα καὶ τῶν Ἑβραίων ἔξοδος ἡ ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου, ἐν δὲ τῇ Ἀττικῇ ὁ ἐπὶ Ὠγύγου γίνεται κατα10.10.22 κλυσμός· καὶ κατὰ