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it appeared to require both time to go through it and mental effort to collect the thoughts and retain them in memory. For the inserted objections of opponents and their arguments, even if they seem to introduce a certain dialectical charm to the writing, yet by causing delay and diversion they break the continuity of the thought and slacken the tone of the earnest argument. For your sagacity has certainly perceived that even among the pagan philosophers who wrote dialogues, Aristotle and Theophrastus immediately took up the subjects themselves, because they were conscious of their own lack of the Platonic graces. But Plato, with the power of his style, at once combats the doctrines and at the same time satirizes the characters, censuring the rashness and audacity of Thrasymachus, the intellectual shallowness and vanity of Hippias, the boastfulness and pomposity of Protagoras. But where he introduces indefinite characters into the dialogues, he uses the interlocutors for the sake of clarity of the subjects, but introduces nothing else from the characters into the hypotheses; which he did in the *Laws*. 135.2 Therefore we also, who come to write not for ambition, but choosing to leave behind precepts of useful words for the brotherhood, if we introduce some character notorious to all for arrogance of manner, it is necessary to weave into the discourse some things made up from the character, if indeed it is our business at all to censure men, having left aside the subjects. But if the interlocutor is indefinite, the digressions concerning the characters interrupt the connection, and reach no useful end. I have said these things to show that you have not sent your works into the hands of a flatterer, but have shared your labors with a most genuine brother. And I have spoken not for the correction of what has been written, but as a precaution for the future. For surely one who has used so much practice and zeal in writing will not shrink from writing, since those who provide the subjects do not cease. But for us it will suffice to read your works, and we are so far from being able to write anything that, I might almost say, we lack even health or moderate leisure from our affairs. I have now sent the larger and earlier one through the reader, having gone over it myself as best I could. But I have kept the second, wishing to have it copied and not yet having found anyone who writes quickly. For to such poverty have the envied affairs of the Cappadocians come.

136. TO EUSEBIUS, BISHOP OF SAMOSATA

136.1 In what a state the good Isaces found us, he himself will better

relate to you, even if he does not have a tongue adequate to report tragically the excessiveness of my sufferings, so great was the magnitude of the illness. And what is likely is known to everyone who knows me even a little. For if in my supposed good health I was weaker than those despaired of for life, it is possible to know what I would be like in illness. And yet it were right (forgive the fever for its chattering) that, since being ill was my natural state, in the change of this condition the best of health should now be mine. But since the scourge of the Lord increases the pain with additions according to our deserts, I have acquired weakness upon weakness, so that from this it is clear even to a child that, of all necessity, this husk of ours will be gone, unless perhaps the love of God for mankind, in His long-suffering granting us even times for repentance, might provide even now, as often before, some release and a way out of these helpless troubles. These things, then, will be as is dear to Him and expedient for us. 136.2 But the affairs of the Churches, how

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ἐφάνη καὶ χρόνου πρὸς τὸ ἐπελθεῖν καὶ πόνου διανοίας πρὸς τὸ καὶ συλλέξαι τὰς ἐννοίας καὶ παρακατασχεῖν αὐτὰς τῇ μνήμῃ δεόμενον. Αἱ γὰρ ἐν τῷ μεταξὺ παρεμβαλλόμεναι διαβολαὶ τῶν ὑπε ναντίων καὶ συστάσεις, εἰ καὶ γλυκύτητάς τινας ἐπεισάγειν δοκοῦσι διαλεκτικὰς τῷ συγγράμματι, ἀλλ' οὖν τῷ σχολὴν καὶ διατριβὴν ἐμποιεῖν διασπῶσι μὲν τὸ συνεχὲς τῆς ἐν νοίας καὶ τοῦ ἐναγωνίου λόγου τὸν τόνον ὑποχαυνοῦσιν. Ἐκεῖνο γὰρ πάντως συνεῖδέ σου ἡ ἀγχίνοια ὅτι καὶ τῶν ἔξωθεν φιλοσόφων οἱ τοὺς διαλόγους συγγράψαντες, Ἀριστοτέλης μὲν καὶ Θεόφραστος, εὐθὺς αὐτῶν ἥψαντο τῶν πραγμάτων, διὰ τὸ συνειδέναι ἑαυτοῖς τῶν Πλατωνικῶν χαρίτων τὴν ἔνδειαν. Πλάτων δὲ τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ τοῦ λόγου ὁμοῦ μὲν τοῖς δόγμασι μάχεται, ὁμοῦ δὲ καὶ παρακωμῳ δεῖ τὰ πρόσωπα, Θρασυμάχου μὲν τὸ θρασὺ καὶ ἰταμὸν διαβάλλων, Ἱππίου δὲ τὸ κοῦφον τῆς διανοίας καὶ χαῦνον, Πρωταγόρου τὸ ἀλαζονικὸν καὶ ὑπέρογκον. Ὅπου δὲ ἀόριστα πρόσωπα ἐπεισάγει τοῖς διαλόγοις, τῆς μὲν εὐκρι νείας ἕνεκεν τῶν πραγμάτων κέχρηται τοῖς προσδιαλεγο μένοις, οὐδὲν δὲ ἕτερον ἐκ τῶν προσώπων ἐπεισκυκλεῖ ταῖς ὑποθέσεσιν· ὅπερ ἐποίησεν ἐν τοῖς Νόμοις. 135.2 ∆εῖ οὖν καὶ ἡμᾶς τοὺς οὐ κατὰ φιλοτιμίαν ἐρχομένους ἐπὶ τὸ γράφειν, ἀλλ' ὑποθήκας καταλιμπάνειν ὠφελίμων λόγων τῇ ἀδελφότητι προελομένους, ἐὰν μέν τι πᾶσι προκεκηρυγμένον ἐπὶ αὐθαδείᾳ τρόπου πρόσωπον ὑπο βαλλώμεθα, χρή τινα καὶ ἀπὸ προσώπου πεποιημένα παρα πλέκειν τῷ λόγῳ, εἴπερ ὅλως ἐπιβάλλει ἡμῖν διαβάλλειν ἀνθρώπους τῶν πραγμάτων ἀφεμένοις. Ἐὰν δὲ ἀόριστον ᾖ τὸ διαλεγόμενον, αἱ πρὸς τὰ πρόσωπα διαστάσεις τὴν μὲν συνάφειαν διακόπτουσι, πρὸς οὐδὲν δὲ πέρας χρήσιμον ἀπαντῶσι. Ταῦτα εἶπον ἵνα δειχθῇ ὅτι οὐκ εἰς κόλακος χεῖρας ἀπέστειλάς σου τοὺς πόνους, ἀλλὰ ἀδελφῷ τῷ γνησιωτάτῳ ἐκοινώνησας τῶν καμάτων. Εἶπον δὲ οὐ πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν τῶν γεγραμμένων, ἀλλὰ πρὸς φυλακὴν τῶν μελλόντων. Πάντως γὰρ ὁ τοσαύτῃ περὶ τὸ γράφειν ἕξει καὶ σπουδῇ κεχρημένος οὐκ ἀποκνήσει γράφων, ἐπειδὴ καὶ οἱ τὰς ὑποθέσεις παρέχοντες οὐκ ἀπολήγουσιν. Ἡμῖν δὲ ἀρκέσει μὲν ἀναγινώσκειν τὰ ὑμέτερα, τοῦ δὲ δύνασθαι γράφειν τι τοσοῦτον ἀποδέομεν ὅσον, μικροῦ δέω λέγειν, καὶ τοῦ ὑγιαίνειν ἢ τοῦ καὶ μετρίαν σχολὴν ἄγειν ἀπὸ τῶν πραγμάτων. Ἀπέστειλα δὲ νῦν διὰ τοῦ ἀναγνώστου τὸ μεῖζον καὶ πρότερον ἐπελθὼν αὐτὸ ὡς ἐμοὶ δυνατόν. Τὸ δὲ δεύτερον παρακατέσχον βουλόμενος αὐτὸ μεταγράψαι καὶ μὴ εὐπορῶν τέως τινὸς τῶν εἰς τάχος γραφόντων. Μέχρι γὰρ τοσαύτης ἦλθε πενίας τὰ ἐπίφθονα Καππα δοκῶν.

136.τ ΕΥΣΕΒΙΩ ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΩ ΣΑΜΟΣΑΤΩΝ

136.1 Ἐν οἵοις ἡμᾶς ὄντας κατέλαβεν ὁ χρηστὸς Ἰωσάκης, αὐτός σοι ἄμεινον

διηγήσεται, εἰ καὶ μὴ ἀρκοῦσαν ἔχει τὴν γλῶσσαν ὥστε τραγικῶς ἐξαγγεῖλαι τὸ ὑπεραῖρον τῶν παθῶν, τοσοῦτον ἦν τῆς ἀρρωστίας τὸ μέγεθος. Καὶ τὸ εἰκὸς δὲ παντὶ γνώριμον τῷ ἐμὲ καὶ κατὰ βραχὺ ἐπισταμένῳ. Εἰ γὰρ ἐν τῇ δοκούσῃ εὐεξίᾳ τῶν ἀπεγνωσμένων πρὸς τὸ ζῆν ἀσθενέστερον διεκείμην, γινώσκειν ἔξεστι τί ἂν ἤμην ἐπὶ τῆς ἀρρωστίας. Καίτοιγε ἐχρῆν (δὸς γὰρ τῷ πυρετῷ συγγνώμην ἐρεσχελοῦντι), ἐπειδή μοι κατὰ φύσιν ἦν τὸ νοσεῖν, ἐν τῇ μεταβολῇ ταύτης τῆς ἕξεως ὑγείας μοι νῦν τὸ κράτιστον περιεῖναι. Ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ἡ μάστιξ τοῦ Κυρίου ἐστὶ προσθήκαις ταῖς κατὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν ἀξίαν τὸ ἀλγεινὸν ἐπιτείνουσα, ἀσθένειαν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ προσεκτησάμην, ὥστε τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου καὶ παιδὶ φανερὸν εἶναι, ὅτι, πᾶσα ἀνάγκη, οἰχήσεται ἡμῖν τὸ ἔλυτρον τοῦτο, πλὴν εἰ μή που ἄρα ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπία ἡμῖν ἐν τῇ μακροθυμίᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ χρόνους εἰς μετάνοιαν χαριζομένη ποιήσειε καὶ νῦν, ὡς καὶ πολλάκις πρότερον, λύσιν τινὰ καὶ πόρον ἐκ τῶν ἀμηχάνων δεινῶν. Ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἕξει ὡς αὐτῷ φίλον καὶ ἡμῖν συμφέρον. 136.2 Τὰ δὲ τῶν Ἐκκλησιῶν ὅπως