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the passions a war, all these things and other things more than these he practices and does; and every affliction that comes upon him he receives with joy, and when it does not come, he afflicts himself; and every deed done, which he hears from the saints of old or sees being done by his companions, he strives according to his ability to do it himself, so that by the variety of ascetic virtues and practices he might wipe out the many and various passions, through which the demons possess their strength against us, and completely cause them to disappear from his own soul, treasuring up in himself the virtues in their place with all the power of his soul. For if it does not happen thus from him and he does not thus maintain well the struggles within himself, there will be no benefit for him from the alienation of the passions alone; for not the one who is not greedy, but the one who is merciful is praised, nor the one who kept the given talent safe but the one who doubled it was saved, nor the one who turns away from evil, but the one who does good is called blessed, nor the one who does not side with the king’s enemies but the one who also takes up arms and fights against them on his behalf demonstrates his love.

And the Master Christ Himself bears witness to this, crying out so clearly: "He who is not with me is against me; and he who does not gather with me scatters". And in saying this, He shows (246) that he who does not in every way and with all zeal keep His commandments and always acquire the virtues through the working of the commandments and advance through them, but only seems to abstain from evil things, while not holding fast to good things for long, but, as it were, having ceased from gathering the virtues through neglect of the commandments, is not even able to keep what he seems to have; for through idleness he loses these things also; and this is what "he who does not gather scatters" means. For in perceptible things this is impossible; for he who does not gather there, but sits idle, is not also like one who scatters. But in spiritual things it is not so, but the divine Scripture holds the one not doing good as sinning and implies that he is to be condemned; "For to him who knows to do good," it says, "and does not do it, to him it is sin," and again: "Cursed is every man who does the works of the Lord negligently". This will certainly be sufficient for my condemnation first, slothful and negligent as I am. But if he who does the commandments of God negligently is cursed, how much more will he who does partially what he is able to do, or even does not do them at all, be condemned even more. And you will find this happening also in civil laws and the affairs of life; for the slave who sees his master's house being broken into by some men and his property being plundered and neither collaborated with the thieves nor hindered them or cried out, but allowed them, having taken everything, to escape secretly, the master considers that slave an enemy to himself and a thief equal to them. What then? Have not all of you also condemned the evil man for the same things?

(247) Thus it will certainly be for me first, the wretched and humble one—for I hesitate to say for all of you also—if we abstain from evil works and deeds, but do not with all our strength acquire the virtues in their place to such a degree, until we become perfect men and attain to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ, as Paul commands us all to become. And rightly so; for if we do not become such, how shall we have the strength to serve the Lord? How shall we be able to serve as soldiers for Christ? And how shall we be spiritually armed and be numbered in the battle-line of the living God and appear terrible to the enemies? In no way. Therefore, let no one think, when he is fasting or keeping vigil or hungering or thirsting or living on a bed on the ground or mourning or weeping or enduring insults and temptations that come upon him, that he is serving God or doing a favor for someone else through such things. But he benefits himself alone, and this, if he endures and practices them in humility and spiritual knowledge; but if not, not even

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τά πάθη πόλεμον, ταῦτα πάντα καί ἕτερα τούτων πλείονα ἐπιτηδεύεται καί ποιεῖ· καί πᾶσαν θλῖψιν ἐπερχομένην αὐτῷ μετά χαρᾶς ἀποδέχεται, μή ἐπερχομένης δέ, αὐτός ἑαυτόν θλίβει· καί πᾶσαν πρᾶξιν πραχθεῖσαν, ἥν ἀκούσει παρά τῶν πάλαι ἁγίων ἤ καί παρά τῶν συνόντων πραττομένην θεάσεται, σπουδάζει τό κατά δύναμιν καί αὐτός ποιῆσαι αὐτήν, ἵνα τῇ ποικιλίᾳ τῶν ἀσκητικῶν ἀρετῶν τε καί πράξεων τά πολλά καί ποικίλα πάθη, δι᾿ ὧν τήν ἰσχύν καθ᾿ ἡμῶν οἱ δαίμονες κέκτηνται, ἐξαλείψῃ καί τέλεον ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῆς ταῦτα ἐξαφανίσῃ, πάσῃ δυνάμει ψυχῆς τάς ἀρετάς ἀντ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐν ἑαυτῷ θησαυρίζων. Εἰ γάρ μή οὕτω γένηται παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ καί οὕτω τά τῶν ἀγώνων ἕξει καλῶς ἐν αὐτῷ, οὐδέν ἔσται ὄφελος αὐτῷ ἐκ μόνης τῆς τῶν παθῶν ἀλλοτριώσεως· οὐ γάρ ὁ μή πλεονεκτῶν, ἀλλ᾿ ὁ ἐλεῶν ἐπαινεῖται, οὐδέ ὁ τό δοθέν τάλαντον σῶον φυλάξας ἀλλ᾿ ὁ διπλασιάσας ἐσώθη, οὐδέ ὁ ἐκκλίνας ἀπό κακοῦ, ἀλλ᾿ ὁ ποιήσας τό ἀγαθόν μακαρίζεται, οὐδέ ὁ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς τοῦ βασιλέως μή συντιθέμενος ἀλλ᾿ ὁ καί ὑπέρ αὐτοῦ κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ὁπλιζόμενός τε καί ἀντιμαχόμενος τήν ἀγάπην ἐνδείκνυται.

Καί μαρτυρεῖ τοῦτο αὐτός ὁ δεσπότης Χριστός οὕτω διαρρήδην βοῶν· "Ὁ μή ὤν μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ κατ᾿ ἐμοῦ ἐστι· καί ὁ μή συνάγων μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ σκορπίζει". Τοῦτο δέ λέγων, δείκνυσιν (246) ὅτι ὁ μή παντί τρόπῳ καί πάσῃ σπουδῇ τάς ἐντολάς αὐτοῦ τηρῶν καί ἀεί τάς ἀρετάς διά τῆς τῶν ἐντολῶν κτώμενος ἐργασίας καί εἰς τό πρόσω δι᾿ αὐτῶν ἀνερχόμενος, ἀλλά τῶν μέν πονηρῶν μόνων τῷ δοκεῖν ἀπεχόμενος, τῶν δέ γε ἀγαθῶν μή ἐπί πολύ ἀντεχόμενος, ἀλλ᾿ οἱονεί τοῦ συλλέγειν τάς ἀρετάς διά τῆς τῶν ἐντολῶν ἀμελείας παυσάμενος, οὐδέ ἅ δοκεῖ ἔχειν φυλάξαι δύναται· διά γάρ τῆς ἀργίας καί ταῦτα ἀπόλλυσι· καί δηλοῖ τοῦτο τό "ὁ μή συνάγων σκορπίζει". Ἐπί μέν γάρ τῶν αἰσθητῶν τοῦτο ἀδύνατον· ὁ γάρ μή συνάγων ἐκεῖ, ἀλλά ἀργός καθεζόμενος, οὐχί καί ὡς ὁ σκορπίζων ἐστίν. Ἐπί δέ τῶν πνευματικῶν οὐχ οὕτως, ἀλλά τόν μή ποιοῦντα τό ἀγαθόν ὡς ἁμαρτάνοντα ἔχει ἡ θεία Γραφή καί κατακρίνεσθαι αὐτόν ὑπεμφαίνει· "Τῷ γάρ εἰδότι καλόν, φησί, ποιεῖν καί μή ποιοῦντι, ἁμαρτία αὐτῷ ἐστιν", καί πάλιν· "Ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ὁ ποιῶν τά ἔργα Κυρίου ἀμελῶς". Ὅπερ ἐμοί πάντως ἀρκέσει πρῶτον, τῷ χαύνῳ καί ἀμελεῖ, εἰς κατάκρισιν. Εἰ δέ ὁ ἀμελῶς ποιῶν τάς ἐντολάς τοῦ Θεοῦ κεκατήραται, πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὁ μερικῶς ποιῶν ἐξ ὧν ποιεῖν δύναται, ἤ καί μηδόλως ποιῶν, ἐπί πλεῖον κατακριθήσεται. Τοῦτο δέ καί ἐπί τῶν πολιτικῶν νόμων καί τῶν βιωτικῶν πραγμάτων εὑρήσεις γινόμενον· τόν γάρ βλέποντα δοῦλον διορυττομένην παρά τινων τήν οἰκίαν τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ καί συλουμένην τήν περιουσίαν αὐτοῦ καί μήτε συνεργήσαντα τοῖς κλέπταις μήτε παρεμποδίσαντα αὐτοῖς ἤ κραυγάσαντα, ἀλλ᾿ ἐάσαντα τούτους, ἄραντας πάντα, λάθρα διαφυγεῖν, ἴσως ἐκείνοις ἐπίβουλον ἑαυτοῦ καί κλέπτην τόν δοῦλον ἐκεῖνον ὁ δεσπότης λογίζεται. Τί δαί; Οὐχί καί ὑμεῖς πάντες τά αὐτά κατά τοῦ πονηροῦ κατεψηφίσασθε;

(247) Οὕτως ἔσται πάντως κἀμοί τῷ ἀθλίῳ πρῶτον καί ταπεινῷ, ὀκνῶ γάρ εἰπεῖν καί πᾶσιν ὑμῖν ἐάν πονηρῶν μέν ἔργων καί πράξεων ἀποσχώμεθα, τάς δέ ἀρετάς ἀντ᾿ αὐτῶν μή πάσῃ ἰσχύϊ κτησώμεθα ἐπί τοσοῦτον, ἕως οὗ ἄνδρες γενώμεθα τέλειοι καί καταντήσωμεν εἰς μέτρον ἡλικίας τοῦ πληρώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ, καθώς ὁ Παῦλος ἐντέλλεται γενέσθαι πάντας ἡμᾶς. Καί εἰκότως· εἰ γάρ μή τοιοῦτοι γενοίμεθα, πῶς δουλεῦσαι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἰσχύσομεν; Πῶς στρατευθῆναι Χριστῷ δυνησόμεθα; Πῶς δέ καί πνευματικῶς ὁπλισόμεθα καί εἰς παράταξιν Θεοῦ ζῶντος καταριθμηθῶμεν καί τοῖς ἐχθροῖς φοβεροί φανησόμεθα; Οὐδαμῶς. Μή οὖν οἰέσθω τις νηστεύων ἤ ἀγρυπνῶν ἤ πεινῶν ἤ διψῶν ἤ χαμευνίᾳ συζῶν ἤ πενθῶν ἤ κλαίων ἤ ὕβρεις ἐπερχομένας αὐτῷ καί πειρασμούς ὑποφέρων, ὅτι τῷ Θεῷ δουλεύει ἤ ἑτέρῳ τινί διά τῶν τοιούτων χαρίζεταί τι. Ἀλλ᾿ ἑαυτόν μόνον ὠφελεῖ, καί ταῦτα, ἐάν ἐν ταπεινώσει καί γνώσει πνευματικῇ ὑπομένῃ αὐτά καί μετέρχηται· εἰ δέ μή, οὐδέ