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himself. For that which is not done with humility and spiritual knowledge, whatever it may be, profits the one doing it nothing. And how this is so, the one who wishes will be taught through all the divine Scriptures. For we are only eager to show this, that neither those in repentance, nor those who have spent a long time in ascetic practice are serving the Lord, but are profiting themselves and gratifying themselves alone; and, if it seems good, let us make the argument more trustworthy and more certain from examples.

Whom do we say are those who serve the earthly king? Those who live in their own houses, or those who follow him everywhere? Those who spend their time in their own suburbs, or those enrolled in the armies? Those who are reclining and living luxuriously and wastefully at home, or those who act bravely in wars (248) and are struck, and at times also strike and kill many of the enemy and rescue their fellow servants who have been taken captive and put the enemies to shame? The goldsmiths and coppersmiths and linen-weavers, who are always working and are barely able to provide for the bodily needs of themselves and their companions, or the generals, the chiliarchs and the other rulers and the peoples themselves who are ruled by them? Is it not manifest that these latter are rather the ones who serve the earthly king, than the former? For a coppersmith and a goldsmith and a carpenter, if they do some work for the king, receive the agreed-upon wage from his subjects and return home as certain strangers and foreigners, neither having seen the king, nor having knowledge of any friendship whatsoever with him; but the latter are also friends of the king and through them is the people subject to each one of them. Thus, then, also understand for me in the case of the heavenly king and in the case of those who serve him. For we are all his slaves, as having been created and brought forth by him, both believers and unbelievers, slaves and free, rich and poor, priests, high priests, and kings and rulers together; but some, who keep his commandments with good judgment and with all their strength and through these things demonstrate firm faith in him, are called good and are said to be faithful, while others, who choose to serve him neglectfully and lazily nonetheless, are called wicked and slothful, and still others who do or say things contrary to his commands are enemies and adversaries, even if they are weak and have no power at all against him.

We, therefore, having heard the Lord saying, “Whoever wishes to come after me, let him deny himself and take up (249) his cross and follow me,” and the Apostle teaching, “Little children, do not love the world or the things in the world; for the love of the world is enmity toward God,” and that, “Whoever loves the world has become an enemy of God,” having seemingly abandoned all things, we followed our Savior and God, or rather, since the world was an obstacle for us to virtue, we departed to the solitary life, as if leaving behind the enemy land in which we lived as captives, having willingly fled, and we passed over to the country of our master and king, Christ, having put on only the habit of the people who serve under him, but not, however, having enlisted or served him by means of the garment, just as those who wear a uniform similar to the soldiers are not the king’s soldiers, but we say that we have come for the time being under his kingdom, having put on the monastic garment, but we do not say that we have enlisted for him on this account, because our weapons are not carnal but spiritual; “For our struggle is not against blood and flesh, but against the principalities, against the powers, against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places.” When, therefore, we put on the armor of light, the shield and helmet and the rest, which the holy Paul enumerated, and the

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ἑαυτόν. Τό γάρ μή γινόμενον μετά ταπεινοφροσύνης καί γνώσεως πνευματικῆς, οἷον ἄν καί ἔστιν, οὐδέν ὀνίσησι τόν ποιοῦντα. Καί πῶς τοῦτο ἔστι, διά πάντων τῶν θείων Γραφῶν ὁ βουλόμενος διδαχθήσεται. Ἡμεῖς γάρ τοῦτο δεῖξαι μόνον κατεπειγόμεθα, ὅτι οὔτε οἱ ἐν τῇ μετανοίᾳ, οὔτε οἱ ἐν τῇ ἀσκήσει χρονίσαντες τῷ κυρίῳ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλ᾿ ἑαυτούς ὠφελοῦσι καί ἑαυτοῖς μόνοις χαρίζονται· καί, εἰ δοκεῖ, ἀπό παραδειγμάτων πιστότερον τόν λόγον καί βεβαιότερον ἐργασώμεθα.

Τίνας λέγομεν εἶναι τούς τῷ ἐπιγείῳ δουλεύοντας βασιλεῖ; Τούς ἀναστρεφομένους ἐν τοῖς ἑαυτῶν οἴκοις, ἤ τούς συνακολουθοῦντας αὐτῷ πανταχοῦ; Τούς διάγοντας ἐν τοῖς ἑαυτῶν προαστείοις, ἤ τούς κατειλεγμένους ἐν τοῖς στρατεύμασι; Τούς ἀναπεπτωκότας καί τρυφῶντας καί οἴκαδε σπαταλῶντας, ἤ τούς ἐν πολέμοις ἀνδραγαθοῦντας (248) καί πληττομένους, ἔσθ᾿ ὅτε καί πλήττοντας καί τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἀναιροῦντας πολλούς καί τούς αἰχμαλωτισθέντας συνδούλους αὐτῶν ἀναρρυομένους καί τούς ἐχθρούς καταισχύνοντας; Τούς χρυσοχόους καί χαλκοτύπους καί λινοξόους, τούς ἀεί ἐργαζομένους καί μόλις ἑαυτοῖς καί τοῖς συνοῦσι τήν σωματικήν δυναμένους πορίσασθαι χρείαν, ἤ τούς στρατηγούς, τούς χιλιάρχους καί τούς λοιπούς ἄρχοντας καί αὐτούς τούς ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν ἀρχομένους λαούς; Οὐ πρόδηλον τούτους εἶναι μᾶλλον τούς τῷ ἐπιγείῳ δουλεύοντας βασιλεῖ, ἤ ἐκείνους; Χαλκεύς γάρ καί χρυσοχόος καί τέκτων, εἴ τι ἔργον ἐργάσονται τῷ βασιλεῖ, παρά τῶν ὑπηκόων τόν συμφωνηθέντα λαμβάνουσι μισθόν καί ὡς ξένοι τινές καί ἀλλότριοι ἀναστρέφουσιν οἴκαδε, μήτε τόν βασιλέα ἰδόντες, μήτε γνῶσιν ἔχοντες φιλίας τῆς οἱασοῦν πρός αὐτόν· οἱ δέ καί φίλοι τοῦ βασιλέως εἰσί καί δι᾿ αὐτῶν ὁ ὑφ᾿ ἑνί ἑκάστῳ αὐτῶν ὑπάρχων λαός. Οὕτως οὖν καί ἐπί τοῦ ἐπουρανίου νόει μοι βασιλέως καί ἐπί τῶν δουλευόντων αὐτῷ. ∆οῦλοι γάρ αὐτοῦ, ὡς ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ καί κτισθέντες καί παραχθέντες, οἱ πάντες ἐσμέν, πιστοί τε καί ἄπιστοι, δοῦλοι καί ἐλεύθεροι, πλούσιοι καί πένητες, ἱερεῖς, ἀρχιερεῖς, βασιλεῖς τε καί ὁμοῦ καί ἄρχοντες· ἀλλ᾿ οἱ μέν εὐγνωμόνως καί ἐν πάσῃ ἰσχύϊ τάς ἐντολάς αὐτοῦ τηροῦντες καί διά τούτων τήν εἰς αὐτόν πίστιν βεβαίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενοι ἀγαθοί καλοῦνται καί πιστοί λέγονται, οἱ δέ ἀμελῶς μέν καί ῥᾳθύμως ὅμως δέ δουλεύειν αὐτῷ προαιρούμενοι πονηροί καλοῦνται καί ὀκνηροί, οἱ δέ καί ἐναντία τῶν ἐκείνου προσταγμάτων ποιοῦντες ἤ λέγοντες ἐχθροί εἰσι καί πολέμιοι, εἰ καί ἀσθενεῖς εἰσι καί οὐδέν ὅλως ἰσχύοντες κατ᾿ αὐτοῦ.

Ἡμεῖς οὖν τοῦ Κυρίου ἀκούσαντες λέγοντος· "Ὅστις θέλει ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν καί ἀράτω τόν (249) τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ καί ἀκολουθείτω μοι" καί τοῦ Ἀποστόλου διδάσκοντος· "Τεκνία, μή ἀγαπᾶτε τόν κόσμον μηδέ τά ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ· ἡ γάρ ἀγάπη τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα εἰς Θεόν ἐστί" καί ὅτι· "Ὁ ἀγαπῶν τόν κόσμον ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθέστηκεν", πάντα τῷ δοκεῖν ἀφέντες, τῷ Σωτῆρι ἡμῶν καί Θεῷ ἠκολουθήσαμεν, μᾶλλον δέ τόν κόσμον ὡς ἐμπόδιον ἡμῖν πρός ἀρετήν ὄντα, πρός τόν μονήρη βίον μετήλθομεν, οἱονεί τήν πολεμίαν καταλιπόντες γῆν, ἐν ᾗ αἰχμάλωτοι, ἑκουσίως ἀποφυγόντες, διήγομεν, καί πρός τήν χώραν τοῦ ἡμετέρου δεσπότου καί βασιλέως Χριστοῦ μετέβημεν, ἐνδυσάμενοι μόνον τό σχῆμα τοῦ ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τελοῦντος λαοῦ, οὐ μέντοιγε διά τοῦ ἐνδύματος αὐτῷ στρατευθέντες ἤ δουλεύοντες, ὡς οὐδέ οἱ τήν ἴσην τοῖς στρατιώταις φοροῦντες στολήν στρατιῶται τοῦ βασιλέως τυγχάνουσιν, ἀλλ᾿ ὑπό τήν αὐτοῦ τέως γεγονέναι λέγομεν βασιλείαν, τό μοναχικόν ἐνδυσάμενοι ἔνδυμα, στρατευθῆναι δέ αὐτῷ διά τοῦτο οὐ λέγομεν, διότι τά ὅπλα ἡμῶν οὔκ εἰσι σωματικά ἀλλά πνευματικά· "Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἡμῖν ἡ πάλη πρός αἷμα καί σάρκα, ἀλλά πρός τάς ἀρχάς, πρός τάς ἐξουσίας, πρός τά πνευματικά τῆς πονηρίας ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις". Ὅταν οὖν ἐνδυσώμεθα τά ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός, ἀσπίδα καί περικεφαλαίαν καί τά λοιπά, ἅ Παῦλος ὁ ἅγιος ἀπηριθμήσατο, καί τήν