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he wrote, but I, out of respect for Socrates, will not bear to repeat it; so much absurdity and drunken insolence of Socrates and outrage for those quick to stumble do those words contain in that 12.60 dialogue. And he said that he drank until evening and all through the night, and that when the others had already given up and welcomed sleep, he remained awake drinking and conversing in between, nothing beneficial, but things that were fitting for Alcibiades and Aristophanes and the other revellers. 12.61 And Porphyry, who wrote the *Philosophical History*, said first that he was quick-tempered and irritable, using as his witness Aristoxenus, who wrote the life of Socrates. 12.62 For he said he had met no one more persuasive than him; such was his voice and his mouth and his apparent character and, in addition to all that has been said, the peculiarity of his 12.63 appearance. This was the case when he was not angry; but when he was seized by this passion, his ugliness was terrible; for he would abstain from neither word nor deed. And after relating other such things, he shows him to have been enslaved also to sensual pleasures; 12.64 and he says as follows: "In the enjoyment of carnal pleasures he was rather vehement, but there was no injustice involved; for he made use of only his wives or common women. He had two wives at the same time, Xanthippe, a citizen and somehow rather common, and Myrto, the granddaughter of Aristides, the son of Lysimachus. And he took Xanthippe when she clung to him, from whom Lamprocles was born; and Myrto was married to him, from whom were born Sophroniscus and Menexenus. 12.65 And these women, when they joined battle with each other, after they had ceased, would rush at Socrates, because he never stopped them from fighting, but would laugh seeing them fight both with each other and with him. And he says that in his conversations he was sometimes quarrelsome and abusive and insolent." And Porphyry said these things about Socrates: "It was said 12.66 about him that as a boy he did not live well nor in an orderly fashion. For first they say that he was continually disobedient to his father, and whenever he ordered him to take the tools of his trade and meet him somewhere, he would disregard the command 12.67 and run about wherever he pleased. And when he was about seventeen years old, Archelaus, the student of Anaxagoras, approached him, declaring himself to be his lover; and Socrates did not reject the meeting and association with Archelaus, but was with him for many years; and so by Archelaus 12.68 he was turned toward philosophy." Then, a little later: "And these things were also among the reproaches against Socrates, that he would push his way into crowds and would hold his discussions at the bankers' tables and by the Hermae." These things Porphyry said about Socrates, and some others, which I have willingly omitted; from which it is possible to learn how they praised virtue in words, but embraced pleasure 12.69 and endured being enslaved to the passions. For if, according to Porphyry, he was impetuous in carnal matters and was not satisfied by consorting with two women at the same time, but also used common women freely and, according to Plato, welcomed the sight of the youths exercising naked in the palaestras, and was prone to anger and could with difficulty restrain his darting temper, and had an abusive and unbridled tongue, what sort of philosophy, then, did he pursue? 12.70 But that some of the ancients also accuse Plato of having done many things unworthy of philosophy, hear what Xenophon says in his letter to Aeschines: "For they fell in love with Egypt and the monstrous wisdom of Pythagoras; whose excess and instability in Socrates' case was refuted by a love of tyranny, and 12.71 instead of a frugal diet, a Sicilian table for the belly." And by these things he alludes to his sojourn in Sicily with Dionysius the tyrant. For leaving Athens he associated with him, enjoying Syracusan luxury, and after his death, with his son. And so much did he benefit the tyrant by his counsel, that he was even bound and put in the stone quarries

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μὲν ἔγραψεν, ἐγὼ δὲ φειδοῖ τοῦ Σωκράτους εἰπεῖν οὐκ ἀνέξομαι· τοσαύτην ἔχουσιν ἀτοπίαν καὶ παροινίαν Σωκράτους καὶ λώβην τοῖς ὀξυρρόποις περὶ τὸ πταίειν ἐκεῖνοι οἱ λόγοι ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ 12.60 διαλόγῳ. Καὶ ἑσπερίσαι αὐτὸν καὶ διανυκτερεῦσαι πίνοντα ἔφη, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἀπειρηκότων ἤδη καὶ τὸν ὕπνον ἀσπασαμένων, ἐγρηγορότα μεῖναι πίνοντα καὶ μεταξὺ διαλεγόμενον, ὀνησιφόρον μὲν οὐδέν, ἃ δὲ Ἀλκιβιάδῃ καὶ Ἀριστοφάνει καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἥρμοττε κωμασταῖς. 12.61 Καὶ ὁ Πορφύριος δέ, τὴν Φιλόσοφον ἱστορίαν ξυγγράψας, πρῶτον μὲν αὐτὸν ἀκρόχολον καὶ εὐόργητον εἴρηκε γεγενῆσθαι, Ἀριστοξένῳ μάρτυρι κεχρημένος τὸν Σωκράτους βίον ξυγ 12.62 γεγραφότι. Ἔφη γὰρ μηδενὶ ἑτέρῳ ἐντετυχηκέναι πιθανωτέρῳ ἐκείνου· τοιαύτην εἶναι τήν τε φωνὴν καὶ τὸ στόμα καὶ τὸ ἐπι φαινόμενον ἦθος καὶ πρὸς ἅπασι δὲ τοῖς εἰρημένοις τὴν τοῦ 12.63 εἴδους ἰδιότητα. Γίνεσθαι δὲ τοῦτο, ὅτε μὴ ὀργίζοιτο· ὅτε δὲ ληφθείη ὑπὸ τοῦ πάθους τούτου, δεινὴν εἶναι τὴν ἀσχημοσύνην· οὐδενὸς γὰρ οὔτε ὀνόματος ἀπέχεσθαι οὔτε τοῦ πράγματος. Καὶ ἄλλα δὲ τοιαῦτα διεξελθών, δείκνυσιν αὐτὸν καὶ ταῖς ἡδυπαθείαις 12.64 δεδουλωμένον· λέγει δὲ οὕτως· "Πρὸς δὲ τὴν τῶν ἀφροδισίων χρῆσιν σφοδρότερον μὲν εἶναι, ἀδικίαν δὲ μὴ προσεῖναι· ἢ γὰρ ταῖς γαμεταῖς ἢ ταῖς κοιναῖς χρῆσθαι μόναις. ∆ύο δὲ σχεῖν γυ ναῖκας ἅμα, Ξανθίππην μὲν πολῖτιν καὶ κοινοτέραν πως, Μυρτὼ δὲ Ἀριστείδου θυγατριδῆν τοῦ Λυσιμάχου. Καὶ τὴν μὲν Ξανθίπ πην προσπλακεῖσαν λαβεῖν, ἐξ ἧς ὁ Λαμπροκλῆς ἐγένετο· τὴν δὲ Μυρτὼ γαμηθεῖσαν, ἐξ ἧς Σωφρονίσκος καὶ Μενέξενος. 12.65 Αὗται δὲ ξυνάπτουσαι μάχην πρὸς ἀλλήλας, ἐπειδὰν παύσαιντο, ἐπὶ τὸν Σωκράτην ὥρμων, διὰ τὸ μηδέποτε αὐτὰς μαχομένας διακωλύειν, γελᾶν δὲ καὶ ἀλλήλαις καὶ αὐτῷ μαχομένας ὁρῶντα. Εἶναι δέ φησιν αὐτὸν ἐν ταῖς ὁμιλίαις ἐνίοτε φιλαπεχθήμονα καὶ λοίδορον καὶ ὑβριστικόν." Καὶ ταῦτα δὲ περὶ τοῦ Σωκράτους ὁ Πορφύριος ἔφη· "Ἐλέ 12.66 γετο δὲ περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὡς ἄρα παῖς ὢν οὐκ εὖ βιώσειεν οὐδὲ εὐτάκτως. Πρῶτον μὲν γάρ φασιν αὐτὸν τῷ πατρὶ διατελέσαι ἀπειθοῦντα, καὶ ὁπότε κελεύσειεν αὐτὸν λαβόντα τὰ ὄργανα τὰ περὶ τὴν τέχνην ἀπαντᾶν ὁπουδήποτε, ὀλιγωρήσαντα τοῦ προστάγ 12.67 ματος περιτρέχειν αὐτόν, ὅπου ποτὲ δόξειεν. Ἤδη δὲ περὶ τὰ ἑπτακαίδεκα ἔτη προσελθεῖν αὐτῷ Ἀρχέλαον τὸν Ἀναξαγόρου μαθητήν, φάσκοντα ἐραστὴν εἶναι· τὸν δὲ Σωκράτην οὐκ ἀπώ σασθαι τὴν ἔντευξίν τε καὶ ὁμιλίαν τὴν πρὸς τὸν Ἀρχέλαον, ἀλλὰ γενέσθαι παρ' αὐτῷ ἔτη συχνά· καὶ οὕτως ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀρχε 12.68 λάου προτραπῆναι ἐπὶ τὰ φιλόσοφα." Εἶτα μετ' ὀλίγα· "Ἦν δὲ καὶ τῶν ἐπιτιμωμένων καὶ τάδε Σωκράτει, ὅτι εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους εἰσωθεῖτο καὶ τὰς διατριβὰς ἐποιεῖτο πρὸς ταῖς τραπέζαις καὶ πρὸς τοῖς ἑρμαῖς." Ταῦτα περὶ Σωκράτους ὁ Πορφύριος ἔφη καὶ ἄλλα ἄττα, ἃ ἑκὼν εἶναι παρέλιπον· ἐξ ὧν καταμαθεῖν ἔξεστιν, ὡς λόγοις ἐπῄνουν ἐκεῖνοι τὴν ἀρετήν, ἠσπάζοντο δὲ τὴν ἡδονὴν 12.69 καὶ τοῖς πάθεσι δουλεύειν ἠνείχοντο. Εἰ γὰρ δὴ κατὰ τὸν Πορ φύριον καὶ περὶ τὰ ἀφροδίσια ὁρμητικῶς εἶχε καὶ δύο γυναιξὶ κατὰ ταὐτὸν ὁμιλῶν οὐκ ἐλάμβανε κόρον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ταῖς κοιναῖς ἀνέ δην ἐχρῆτο καὶ τῶν ἐν ταῖς παλαίστραις γυμνουμένων νέων κατὰ τὸν Πλάτωνα τὴν θέαν ἠσπάζετο καὶ δυσόργητος ἦν καὶ μόγις ᾄττοντα κατέχειν ἠδύνατο τὸν θυμὸν καὶ λοίδορον εἶχε τὴν γλῶτ ταν καὶ ἀχαλίνωτον, ποῖον ἄρα εἶδος φιλοσοφίας μετῄει; 12.70 Ὅτι δὲ καὶ Πλάτωνος κατηγοροῦσι τῶν παλαιῶν τινες ὡς πολλὰ πεποιηκότος φιλοσοφίας ἀνάξια, ἀκούσατε Ξενοφῶντος λέγοντος ἐν τῇ πρὸς Αἰσχίνην ἐπιστολῇ· "Αἰγύπτου γὰρ ἠράσ θησαν καὶ τῆς Πυθαγόρου τερατώδους σοφίας· ὧν τὸ περιττὸν καὶ μὴ μόνιμον ἐπὶ Σωκράτει διήλεγχεν ἔρως τυραννίδος, καὶ 12.71 ἀντὶ διαίτης λιτῆς Σικελιῶτις γαστρὸς τράπεζα." Αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ τούτων τὴν μετὰ ∆ιονυσίου τοῦ τυράννου ἐν Σικελίᾳ δια τριβήν. Τὰς γὰρ Ἀθήνας καταλιπὼν ἐκείνῳ ξυνῆν, Συρακουσίας ἀπολαύων χλιδῆς, καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἐκείνου τελευτὴν τῷ ἐκείνου παιδί. Τοσοῦτον δὲ παραινῶν τὸν τύραννον ὤνησεν, ὡς καὶ δεθῆναι κἀν ταῖς λιθοτομίαις